812 
HER 
which have been ralfed from feeds have been fruitful 
two or three years after, but thole plants which have 
been propagated by cuttings taken from thefe, have 
foo.n become barren: the fame thing may be obferved 
in many other plants; therefore thofe who are defirous 
to continue their plants fruitful, fhould conflantly raife . 
them from feeds. Thefe, as alio thofe which are ob¬ 
tained from abroad, mud be fown upon a moderate hot¬ 
bed ; and when the plants come up, they mud be tranf- 
planted into fmall pots, and plunged into another very 
moderate hot-bed, in order to promote their rooting ; 
after which they mud be hardened by degrees, to endure 
the open air in fummer, and may then be treated as the 
old plants. 
HERMAN'NIA PINNA'TA. SeeMAHERNiA. 
HER'MANNSBURG, a town of Germany, in Lower 
Saxony, and principality of Luneburg Zell: fifteenmiles 
north of Zell. 
HER'MANST, a town of European Turkey, in the 
province of Romania: thirty-four miles wed-north-wed 
of Adrianople, 
HER'MANSTADT, or Szebeny, a free town of 
Tranfilvania, and capital of that country, fortified with 
a double wall and a deep moat; it is lituated on the 
fide of the Szeben, which foon after runs into the Aluta: 
147 miles north-ead of Belgrade, and, 300 fouth-eall of 
Vienna. Lat. 46. 15. N. Ion. 41. E. Ferro. 
FIER'MANT (Godfrey), a learped French ecclefi- 
adical writer, born at Beauvais in 1617. He exhibited 
early evidence of excellent natural abilities; and before 
he was thirteen years old, M. Augudin Potier, bidiop 
of Beauvais, lent him to Paris, to dudy rhetoric under 
the Jefuits. He obtained the degree of bachelor of di¬ 
vinity in 1640; was admitted a member of the fociety 
of tiie Sorbonne in 1642 ; and was promoted to a canonry 
at Beauvais in 1643. In 1644 he was chofen prior of the 
Sorbonne; and two years afterwards admitted licentiate, 
and nominated r££lor of the univerfity. He died at Paris 
in 1690, in the feventy-fourth year of his age. His prin¬ 
cipal works were, 1. A Translation of St. Chryfodom’s 
Treatife on Providence, 1658, nmo. 2. The Life of 
St. John Chryfodom, under the name of Menart, 1664, 
4to. 3. The Life of St. Athanafius, 1671, 2 vols. 4to. 
4. A Trandation of the Afcetics of St. Bafil, with Re¬ 
marks, 1673, 8vo. 5. The Lives of St. Bafil, and St. 
Gregory Nazianzen, 1674, 2 vols. 4to. 6. The Life 
of St. Ambrofe, 1678, 4to. 7. Spiritual Exercitations 
on St. Matthew and St. Mark, 1690, 3 vols. nmo. 
8. Cla vis Difciplince Ecclejite, feu Index univerfalis totius Juris 
Ecclefiafici, 1693, folio. 
HER'MANT (John), a French ecclefiadic, born at 
Caen in 1650. In 1689 he was prefented to the benefice 
of Maltot, in the diocefe of Bayeux, and died there in 
1725. He was the author of numerous works, the prin¬ 
cipal of which are, 1. The Hidory of the Councils, 
4 vols. 12010. 2. Hidory of the Eflablifhment of the 
religious Orders, and of the regular and fecular Congre¬ 
gations of the Church, 2 vols. i2ino. 3. Hidory of the 
Military Orders of the Church, and of the Orders of 
Chivalry, throughout Europe, 2 vols. nmo. 4. Hidory 
of Herefies, 4 vols. 121110. 5. Hidory of the Diocefe of 
Bayeux, 410. together with Sermons, Homilies, &c. 
HERMAPH'RODITE, /. [ hermaphroditus , Lat. from 
Eg/xtjj, Mercury, and AipgoJfljj, Venus. J Any being par¬ 
taking of both fexes ; for tiie phyfiology of which fpe- 
cies of lufus nature, ibe the article Anatomy, vol. i. 
p. 623, and the correfpondent Engraving.—It is laid 
down at common law, that, as hermaphrodites partake 
of both fexes, they may give or grant lands, or inherit 
as heirs to any, and fiiall take according to'the prevail¬ 
ing fex. Co. Lit. 2, 7. 
HERMAPH'RODITE, adj. In botany, the term her¬ 
maphrodite is applied to all inch plants as have both 
the male and female parts of fructification on the fame 
flower. 
H E* R 
HERM APHRODIT'ICAL, adj: Partaking of both 
, fe.xes.—There may be equivocal feeds and kermaphrodi- 
tical principles, that contain the radicality of different 
forms. Brown. 
HERMAPHRODI'TUS, in mythology, a foil of Ve¬ 
nus and Mercury, educated on m,ount Ida by the Naiades. 
At the age of fifteen he began to travel to gratify his 
curiofity. When he came to Caria, he bathed himfelf 
in a fountain ; and Salmacis, the nymph who -prelided 
over it, became enamoured of him, and attempted to 
feduce him. Hermaphroditus continued deaf to all her 
entreaties and offers ; and Salmacis, endeavouring to ob¬ 
tain by force what was denied to prayers, clofely em¬ 
braced him, and entreated the gods to make them two 
but one body. Her prayers were heard, and Salmacis 
and Hermaphroditus, now two in one body, (till pre- 
ferved the characleriftics of both their fexes. Herma- 
phroditus implored the gods that all who bathed in that 
fountain might become effeminate. Ovid. 
HER'MAS, a man’s name. Rom. xv i. 
HER'MAS, called the Pastor, or Shepherd, 
from the title of a book which bears his name. He was 
a very early Chriffian writer, and by fome ranked among 
the apoflolical fathers. Many are of opinion, that he 
was the difciple of St. Paul, of whom mention is made 
in Romans xvi. 14; and in that opinion they are fup- 
ported by Iremeus, Clement of Alexandria, Tertullian, 
Origen, and other ecclefiaftical writers of the fecond 
and third centuries. From fome exprellions in his book, 
he appears to have refided at or near Rome, in the time 
of Clement, who was then probably bifhop ; and, as that 
bifhop prelided over the Romifli church from the year 
91 to 100, it feems reafonable to conclude, with the 
judicious Lardner, that Hermas flourifhed during that 
period. 
The “ Paflor,” or “ Shepherd,” of Hermas, is a book 
concerning the antiquity and genuinenefs of which there 
is abundant evidence. Very different,, however, have 
been the opinions entertained, both by the ancients and 
moderns, refpedling its value, and the authority due to 
it. The firfl part, entitled Vifions, contains many reve¬ 
lations, which are explained to Hermas by a divinity re- 
prefenting the Church: they all relate to the date of 
the church, and the manners of the Chriftians. The fe¬ 
cond part, entitled Commands, comprifes many moral 
and pious inflrudlions, which the paflor or angel of Her¬ 
mas delivers to him. The third part is entitled Simili¬ 
tudes, becaufeit begins with feveral fimilies and compa¬ 
nions, and concludes with vifions. Thefe books comprei 
hend many ufeful inftrudtions concerning the practice of 
the Chriffian virtues; and afford many ftriking examples 
of the value of the golden rule, “ Do .as you would be 
done by.” . The Paflor was originally written in Greek ; 
but we have now’ only an ancient Latin veriion of it, ex¬ 
cepting fome fragments preferved in the ancient Greek 
authors who have copied from it. Thefe fragments, 
however, are fufficient to prove the fidelity of the ver- 
fion. The firfl edition of it was publifhed at Paris, by 
Le Fevre, in 1513; and was afterwards infer.ted in the 
Ortkodoxograpka of Bafil ; the fecond volume of the 
Biblioth. Patrum, as well as printed .in feparate treatifes 
at Strafburg, Oxford, &c. The bed edition is that 
which appears in Cotelerius’s 5 . S. Pat. Opera, with the 
notes of Le Clerc, 1698. Archbifliop Wake publifhed 
an Englifh tranflation of it in his “ Genuine Epiflles of 
the Apoftolic Fathers,” of which the bell edition was 
printed in 1710. 
HER'MAS, f. [from Eg/^s, Gr. one of the names of 
Mercury; or it may be derived from a prop.] 
In botany, a genus of the-clafs polygamia, order mo- 
noecia, natural order of umbellatae, or umbelliferae. 
The generic characters are—I. Hermaphrodite, umbel 
terminating. Calyx: umbel univerfal many.rayed, he- 
mifpheric; partial many-rayed; central ray flower-bear¬ 
ing; the relt without any floret. Involufire univerfal 
many- 
