832 H £ V 
ftrate, then obliquely afcending; roundifli, about a palm 
and a half long, with many fcattering branches towards 
thebafe; dichotomous above: theleavesare linear-lance¬ 
olate, entire, ffiarp, pubefcent, efpecially at the bafe, op- 
polite, fomewhat ftem-clafping, an inch and a half long, 
very fpreading. Native place uncertain. 
Propagation and Culture. It is propagated by parting 
the roots in autumn, and ffiould be planted in a ffiady 
fituation. There is little beauty in this plant, but being 
hardy enough to thrive in the open air in England, it is 
preferved in fome gardens for the fake of variety. 
HEU'CHIN, a town of France, in the department of 
the Straits of Calais, and chief place of a canton, in 
the diftriCt of St. Pol: two leagues and a half north- 
north-weft of St. Pol. 
HEU'DICOURT, a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Meufe, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftriCt of St. Mihiel: two leagues north-eaft of St. Mi- 
hiel, and four and a half weft of Pont-a-Mouflon. 
HEU'DICOURT, a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Somme, and chief place of a canton, in the' 
diftriCt 1 of Peronne: three leagues north-north-eaft of 
Peronne. 
HEVE'A,y. in botany. See Siphonia. 
HEVE'LIUS (John), a celebrated Poliffi aftronomer, 
born at Dantzic in 1611. He ftudied the mathematics 
under Peter Cruger, and foon made a rapid proficiency 
in them. In 1630 he fet out on his travels for improve¬ 
ment,and fpent fout years in Holland, England, France, 
and Germany; where he formed connexions with the 
moft diftinguifiled mathematicians in thole countries. 
On his return to his native city, he built an obfervatory 
upon the-top of his houfe, and conftruCted excellent 
telefcopes himfelf, with whicii he began diligently to 
obferve the heavens. He was the firft who obferved that 
phenomenon called the libration of the moon; and he 
made feveral important oblervations on the other pla¬ 
nets. He drew up a large catalogue of the ftars; and 
collected many of the unformed ones into new conftella- 
tions of his own formation. The firft of his publications 
appeared in 1647, entitled Selenographia, Jive Luna Dcjcrip- 
tio ; atque accurdta tam macularum ejus quam motuum diverjo- 
rum, aliarumque omnium Vicijjitudinum Phajumque, Tdefcopii 
Ope deprekenfarum, Delineatio , folio, with numeroirsfcopper¬ 
plates engraved by himfelf. In 1654, he publilhed two 
epiftles, in Latin: one to Riccioli, Concerning the Li¬ 
bration of the Moon;-the other to Bullialdus, On the 
Eclipfes of both Luminaries. From 1656 to 1666, he 
ubliftied treatifes On the AfpeCt of Saturn and his 
hafes; On Mercury, as difcovered in the Sun at Dant- 
zick, May 3, 1661 ; The Hiftory of a new Star in the 
Neck of Cetus, and another in the Beak of Cvgnus.j 
An Illuftration of fome aftronomical Difcoveries of Mr. 
Morrox, in his Treatife on Venus, as difcovered on the. 
Sun’s Dilk, November 24, 1639, with Oblervations on 
fome extraordinary Paralelenae and Parhelia, feen by 
himfelf at Dantzic; and other aftronomical pieces fet 
forth in the Philofophical TranfaCtions for 1673. In 1668 
he publiftied his Cometographia, JveTraHatus de Cometis, ( 3 c. 
folio, reprefenting the nature of comets.; with a hiftory 
of all the comets from the beginning of the world down 
to the prefenttime; illuftrated with a curious engraving, 
of his own execution. In 1673, Hevelius publiflied the 
firft part of his Machina Ccdejlis, continent Organographiam , 
Jive Injlrumentorum ajlronomicoiuni omnium accuratum Delinea- 
tionem, ( 3 c. folio, as a fpecimen of the exaCtnefs both of 
his inftruments and oblervations ; which had been quef- 
iioned in England by the ingenious Mr. Hooke. In the 
following year that gentleman publilhed Animadveriions 
on the firft Part of the Machina Cceleftis, See. in which 
he treated Hevelius in a very unbecoming manner, and 
Shrew out unhandfome reflections upon him, which" we re 
greatly relented. In firort, the dilpute grew to fucli a 
height, that in 1679 Dr. Halley went, at the requelt of 
she Royal Society, to examine Hevelius’s inftruments, 
H E U 
and the obfervations he had made with them. Dr. Hal¬ 
ley gave a very favourable account of them in a letter 
to Hevelius; while Hooke managed the controverfy fo 
negligently, that he was univerfally condemned, though 
the preference has fince been given to his telefcopic 
fights. In 1679, Hevelius publilhed the fecond part of 
his Machina Ccdejlis • but during the fame year, while he 
was at his country-feat, he had the misfortune to have 
his houfe in Dantzic burnt down. By this calamity 
he fuftafned a moft fevere lofs, having not only his ob¬ 
fervatory and his valuable inftruments and aftronomical 
apparatus burnt, but alfo numerous copies of his Ma¬ 
china Caelejlis ; in confequence of which this fecond part 
became fcarce and dear. He died in 1687, on the day 
in which he had completed his feventy-fixth year, uni¬ 
verfally admired and refpeCted; as is verified by a col¬ 
lection of Letters, between him and many learned and 
eminent perfons, printed at Dantzic in 1683. After his 
death were publilhed, in 1690, from his manuferipfs^ 
Firmamentum Sobiefcianum, fo called in honour of John III. 
king of Poland ; and alfo Prodromus AJlronomia (3 nova 
Tabula Solares, una cum Catalogo Fixarum, in which he lays 
down his method for taking an exact catalogue of the 
ftars. 
HEVERLE', a town of Brabant: one mile fouth of 
Louvain. 
HEUGH HEAD, a cape of Scotland, in the Frith of 
Forth, on the coaft of the county of Fife: two miles 
and a half weft of Clienefs. 
HEU'KELUM, a town of Holland, on the Linge: 
four miles and a half north-north-eaft of Gorcum. 
HEU'ILLY-LE-GRAND, a town of France, in the 
department of the Upper Marne, and chief place of a 
canton, in the diftritt of Langres: two leagues fouth- 
fouth-eaft of Langres. 
HEU'MAN (Chriftopher-Auguftus), firft profeflbr of 
hiftory and theology in the univerfity of Gottingen, born 
at Alftadt in Weimar, in 1681. He ftudied theology 
anti philofophy at Jena; and in 1717, he was nominated 
profeflbr in the Gymnalium of Gottingen; in 1728, he 
took the degree of doCtor of theology at Helmftadt; and 
continued to difeharge the duties of his office with great 
zeal and alliduity till 1758, when he requefted and ob¬ 
tained leave to refign his employment. He gave as a 
reafon for wilhing to retire from his academical labours, 
that he had long confidered the doCtrine of the Lutheran 
church, in regard to the facrament, erroneous, and had 
adopted that of the reformed church. He threw his 
ideas on this fubjeCt into the form of an eflay, and fent 
the manufeript to a learned friend, with a reqtieft that 
it might be publilhed after his death, which took place 
in 1764, when he had attained to the age of eighty-three. 
As he carefully preferved all his letters, they were col¬ 
lected after his death, and depofited in the royal library 
at Hanover. His works moft deferving of notice are as 
follow : i. De Anonymis (3 Pfeudonymis Libri duo, Jena, 
1711, 8vo. 2. Parerga Critica, 1712, 8vo. 3. A El a Phi- 
lofophorum, Hala, 1715-1727, 3 vols. 8vo. 4. Confpettus 
Reipublica litter aria. Jive Via ad Hijcoriam litterariam, Han. 
1718, 8 vo. 5. Antkologia Latina , hoc eji F.pigrammatafeleEia t 
cum Prafatione de Natura (3 Virtutibus Epigrammatis, 1721, 
8vo. 6. Piecile, Hal. 1721-1751, 3 vols. 8vo. 7. Augujfa 
Concilii Nicani Cenfura, hoc ejl Caroli, M. de vmpio Imaginum 
Cultu, Lib. IV. Han. 1731, 8vo. 8. Sylloge Differtationum, 
Goett. 1741, 4to. 9. Nova Sylloge DiJJertationem Rojlochii (3 
Wifmar, 1752- 10. De Prudentia Ckriftiana, Liber, 1761, 8vo. 
HEUR'NIUS (John), an eminent medical profeflbr, 
born at Utrecht in 1543. He ftudied at Louvain, and 
then at Paris, where he was the medical difciple of 
Duret. He then vilited the fcliools of Italy, and took 
the degree of doCtor of medicine at Turin. Returning^ 
after an abfence of twelve years, to his native country, 
he was made phyfician to the counts of Egmont, and 
had a place in the council of Utrecht; but he quitted 
thefe.advantages in 1 581, upon an invitation to undertake 
