P44 
HIEHi 
fhort villofe Lairs. Down feffile and plumofe. Native 
of Auftria, Carniola, the Palatinate, &c. on mountains; 
flowering in May, and ripening its feeds in June. 
а. Hieraeium pumilum, or dwarf haWkweed: leaves 
ovate; petioles dilated ; fcapes with one or two flowers. 
See Crepis pygmaa , vol.v. p. 348. 
3. Hieraeium alpinum, or alpine hawkweed : leaves 
oblong, entire, toothed; (cape almofl naked; calyx hairy. 
This fpecies is principally aiftinguiflied by the whole of 
the plant, but efpecially the calyx, being covered with 
long white hairs ; and the feales of the calyx being re¬ 
markably loofe. The root is perennial and fibrous. The 
root-leaves are many, varying in form from bluntjy-ovate 
to ovate-lanceolate; they are molt frequently entire about 
the edge, but fometimes they are flightly Toothed; they 
are always fprinkled on both Tides with white woolly 
hairs. The ftalk is generally about five inches-high, 
with hairs fcattered over it, which are white, except at 
the bale, where they are fufeous ; it is ufually quite 
naked, or has only a fmall lanceolate bra£te or two at 
the top. It is terminated by one large flower, fometimes 
two, fcldom more ; calyx fwelling, before it opSns glo- 
bofe, black, with white hairs (landing out; corolla pale 
yellow. Seeds oblong, five-cornered, rufous or brown, 
crowned with a Ample, feflile, brittle, down. Native of 
Lapland, Swifferland, Dauphine, Savoy, Carniola, Si¬ 
lefia, and the mountains both of Wales and Scotland; 
flowering in July and Auguft. 
4. Hieraeium tar'axaci. See Aspargia taraxaci , 
vol. i. 
5. Hieraeium alpeftre: leaves lanceolate, toothed, 
fmooth; fcape with a leaf and a flower or two; calyx 
liirfute, cylindric. Native of Auftria and Silefia. Per¬ 
ennial. 
б . Hieraeium venofum, or vein-leaved hawkweed: 
leaves wedge-fhapdd, rough with hairs; fcape very 
thick, upright. Leaves radical, marked with blood-red 
dots and veins. Flowers fmall, yellow. Native of Vir¬ 
ginia and Maryland. 
7. Hieraeium pilofella, or moufe-ear hawkweed: leaves 
quite entire, ovate, tomentofe underneath ; Item throw¬ 
ing out runners. Mr. Woodward remarks, that he has 
never obferved the moufe-ear with more than one flower 
on a peduncle: Haller fays that it has rarely two flowers; 
but Pollich affirms that it is fometimes found with two 
or three. According to Linnaeus, the flowers commonly 
open at eight in the morning, and clofe about two in the 
afternoon. An infeft of the coccus or cochineal kind is 
found at its roots; but it has not been obferved in Eng¬ 
land. It differs from other milky plants of this clafs, in 
being Iefs bitter, and more aftringent. On account of 
this aftringency it was admitted into the (hops as a me¬ 
dicine, under the name of auricula muris; but is now 
little regarded. It is very common in dry paftures, on 
funny banks, and on walls: flowering fiom May to Sep¬ 
tember. 
II. With a many-flowered fcape. 8. Hieraeium du- 
bium, or creeping hawkweed: leaves entire, ovate-ob¬ 
long; runners creeping. Linnaeus fays, that the ftem is 
rough with hair; leaves the fame, efpecially underneath; 
it is lai'ger in all its parts than H. auricula, and does not 
creep. Native of Sweden, Siwifferland, Germany, Dau¬ 
phine, England, in moift places on-mountains, as near 
Rydall in Weftmoreland. It flowers in J uly and Auguft. 
Sheep are reported to eat this, and yet the foregoing 
Ipecies is faid to injure them. But is it probable that 
two plants hardly to be diftinguilhed, (hould thus differ 
in their properties ? 
9. Hieraeium auricula, or narrow-leaved hawkweed : 
leaves quite entire, lanceolate; runnerscreeping. Haller 
thinks that this is fcarcely a diftindt fpecies from H. du- 
bium, though it be a higher plant and bears more flow¬ 
ers. Pollich is of the fame opinion; feeing that this 
differs only in (ize,. having a loftier ftem, with a greater 
number of flowers; and the leaves more hirfute, larger, 
l C I U M. 
(harper, and approaching nearer to a lanceolate form. 
Native of Lapland, Sweden, Swifferland, Germany, Dau¬ 
phine, England, on mountains; as on Dalehead, not far 
from.Grafs-mere, Weftmoreland. It flowers in July, 
and is perennial, 
10. Hieraeium cymofum, or fmall-flowered hawkweed; 
leaves lanceolate, entire, hairy ; fcap'e aimed naked, 
hairy at the bafe; flowers in a kind of umbel. Flowers 
almoft umbelled, but with the pedicels branched; in 
which circumftance it differs from H. praemorfum: it is 
diftindt from H. auricula, in not having the leaves fmooth 
on the upper furface. Haller has two fpecies numbered 
fifty-one; this is the fecond of them. He ddferibes the 
leaves-as having Ihort hairs, and as being blunt at the 
end ; in number two or three on the ftalk ; which is two 
feet high, not branched, except the peduncles be confi- 
dered as branches, hirfute all over. Flower very fmall, 
yellow, with the calyx hirfute, in which it differs from 
the foregoing No. 51, or H. praemorfum. According to 
Monf. Villars, this fpecies is eafily di(tingui(hed. The 
ftem is ftraight, about a foot high, terminated by a cyme 
of flowers fo clofe that the peduncles are feem with fiif. 
ficulty, though they are branched. Leaves oblong, hairy, 
•reddifli, rough, and entire ; the ftem has one or two at 
the bafe; it is hairy, and marked with reddifli glands, 
from which the hairs take their rife; the calyx is alfo 
hairy. He mentions two varieties ; one with red flowers, 
and another with from three or four to fix fcattered 
flowers, as large again as the common fort. Native of 
Rufiia, Denmark, Germany, Swifferland, Dauphine; 
flowering-in June. Perennial. 
• it. Hieraeium pramorfum, or truncate-root hawk¬ 
weed: leaves ovate, fomewhat toothed; fcape branched, 
the upper flowers coming out firft. Krocker diftinguiflies 
this from the foregoing fpecies, by the leaves not being 
quite entire, but fomewhat toothed, and alfo broader 
than in that, being five or fix inches in length, and an 
inch or an inch and a half in breadth. Pollich delcribes 
the leaves as ovate, acuminate, very (lightly finuate- 
toothletted, running down into the petiole, three op four 
inches long, fomewhat pubefeent on both (ides. This 
herb watches from feven o’clock in the morning to fix 
in the evening, when the panicle of flow.ers alfo nodsv 
Native of Sweden, Germany, Swifferland, and Siberia ; 
and flowers in May and June. 
12. Hieraeium aurantiacum, or orange-flowered hawk:, 
weed: leaves entire; ftem almoft naked, quite Ample, 
hairy, corymbiferous. Root perennial, creeping. Stem 
fcarcely branched, (except with the peduncles,)bearded 
with white hairs placed bn black glands, (according to 
Haller the hairs are black,) upright, a foot, a foot and a 
half, or two, feet high. Native of Auftria, Swifferland, 
Silefia, Dauphine, Piedmont. 11 flowers from June to 
autumn. It varies much in fhe colour of the flower, 
from red to orange, and feveral (hades of yellow. It is 
Called by our old writers golden moufe-ear ; and, when of a 
dark colour, Grim the collier. 
13. Hieraeium Gronovii, or Gronovius’s hawkweed s 
ftem panicled, almoft naked; root-leaves obovate, quite 
entire, hairy. Native of Virginia. 
14. Hieraeium Gmelini, or Gmelin’s hawkweed : ftem: 
panicled ; root-leayes ovate, ferrate, fmooth. Stem a 
long fpan in height, round, firm, upright, undivided for. 
two-thirds of the length, then dividing into fubhirfute 
branches of various lengths, forming a fort of umbel..- 
Native of Siberia: found by Steller. 
15. Hieraeium fandtum, or Paleftine hawkweed : leaves 
lyrate, bhint, toothed. It differs much from hypochaerrs, 
in having naked, but not fcaly, peduncles; from hiera- 
cium, in having a calycled, not an imbricate, calyx : 
hence Gouan has inferted it in the genus Crepis, Na¬ 
tive of Paleftine, the fouth of France, and the. county 
of Nice. 
16. Hieraeium Capenfe, or Cape hawkweed : lower 
peduncles higher; leaves oblong, toothed, fcabrous, 
1 Scape 
