H I E R A C I U M. 845 
Scape- a foot high, evea, with a few very fmall awl- 
fliaped leaves alternately fcattered over it. Native of 
the Cape of Good Hope. 
III. With a leafy ftem. 17. Hieracium montanum, or 
mountain hawkweed: ftem with one or two flowers; 
leaves lanceolate, toothed. Stem Angle, undivided, 
ftraight, from a foot to two and even three feet in height, 
in a fertile foil. Linnaeus -had made it a Hypochaeris, 
but the receptacle having no chaffs, it has been removed 
into this genus. Monf. Villars makes it an Andryala, 
on account of the ftlky hairs of the receptacle. Native of 
the mountains of Savoy,and Dauphind, in paftures. 
18. Hieracium paniculatum, or panicl.ed hawkweed : 
ftem upright ; leaves alternate, lanceolate, naked, 
toothed ; panicle capillary. Stem, a foot high, round, 
woolly-white at the bottom, fmooth at the top. Ob- 
ferved in Canada by Kalm. 
19. Hieracium porrifolium, or leek-leaved hawkweed: 
ftem branched ; leaves lanceolate-linear, almoft entire. 
Stem a foot high, round, almoft naked, having only a 
Angle leaf or two on it, and very few leaflefs branches. 
The whole plant, according to Villars, has the fmell of 
the wild lettuce, in a greater degree than any of the 
hawkweeds. Native of the fouth of France, the Valais, 
Auftria, Silefia, Italy; perennial; introduced by Drs. 
Pitcairn and Fothergill, in 1775. 
20. Hieracium chondrilloides, or gum-fuccory hawk- 
weed : ftem branched; ftem-leaves elongate-toothed, 
fmooth ; root-leaves lanceolate, entire; Stem a fpan 
high, even. Native of the fouth of France, Auftria, and 
Silefia ; flowering in June and July. 
21. Hieracium murprum, or wall hawkweed: ftem 
branched; root-leaves ovate-toothed ; ftem-leaf fmaller. 
This plant varies exceedingly, as appears from the dif¬ 
ferent figures which are given of it. The general appear¬ 
ance is as follows: Root Ample, producing one flender 
ftem, a foot or fifteen inches high, cylindrical, having 
Toft hairs fcattered over it, flightly ftriated, reddifh to¬ 
wards the bare ; fometimes naked, or nearly fo, fome- 
times clothed with leaves fimilar to the others, only 
more acute. The root-leaves vary confiderably, but the 
moil ufual form is oval-lanceolate, pointed at both ends, 
and marked with a few large teeth towards the bafe, en¬ 
tire upwards, hairy on both furfaces, but the footftalk 
and midrib moft fo. Flowers in a branched panicle on 
feparate peduncles, with each an awl-lhaped braCte; co¬ 
rolla yellow. Seeds nearly cylindrical, furrowed, fmooth, 
dark purple, crowned with a feflile down, as long as the 
feed; rays Ample, the length of the calyx. Linnaeus 
obferves, that the flowers open about fix in the morn¬ 
ing, and clofe about two in.the afternoon. Lightfoot in¬ 
forms us, that about eighteen days elapfe between the 
firft expanfion of the flower and the ripening of the feed. 
It is a perennial plant, is found in woods, on old walls, 
on fhady banks, &c. and flowers in June and July, fome¬ 
times in May. By our old authors it is called French 
or golden lungw-ort. 
#. H. fylvatic.um. In this variety, which is made a 
diftinCt fpecies by Gouan and Villars, the root-leaves 
are narrower, and more flightly toothed. Villars fays, 
that it grows to the height of three or four feet; that 
the ftems are ftraight, leafy, and terminate in feveral 
branches; that the leaves are oblong, lanceolate, often 
toothed, dulky green, a little aflt-coloirred, and foft to 
the touch. The peduncles have two fcales next the 
calyx, as in the common plant, but the calyx is larger; 
the feeds oblong, channelled, very dark purple,, Ihorter 
than in the other forts, very like thofe of-H. fabauduin, 
which bears much refemblance to this plant in other 
xefpefts. The egret or down is fliort, yellowifh white 
or brown, brittle, and ftraight. Johnfon relates, that it 
■was found by Mr. Coote, in the old Roman camp at 
Sidmonton, near Newberry. 
y. H. macrocaulon. With very narrow leaves,, on 
rocks by the rivulet between Shap and Anna-well, in 
WeftmorelanM. 
$■. H. rotundifolia. With roundifti-ovate leaves; thus 
defcribed by Mr. Woodward: Root thick, woody, run¬ 
ning deep among loofe ftones, terminating in long djirk- 
brown fibres the thicknefs of packthread. Stem about 
fix inches high, naked, bearing one flower on the furn- 
mit, and two imperfect feflile ones a fmall way beneath 
it: under the loweft are two awl-lhaped bradles. The 
lower part of the ftem is flightly hairy, the upper part 
and calyx more fo. He gathered this elegant variety on 
Conzick Scar, near Kendal, in Weftrnoreland : and it 
has been found at feveral other places in the north. 
22. Hieracium humile, or dwarf hawkweed : ftem few- 
flowered, fcarcely higher than the lower leaves, which 
are hirfute and galhed. 
23. Hieracium paludofum, or marfh hawkweed: ftem 
panicled; leaves clafping, toothed, fmooth; calyxes 
liifpid. Stem from one to two feet high, hollow, fur¬ 
rowed, fmooth, generally bright purple at the. bafe. 
Flowers Angle, fmaller than in FI. murorum ; they open 
at fix in the morning, and clofe at five in the afternoon. 
Native of many parts of Europe, in moift meadows and 
woods, and by the fides of mountains, rivers, and rivu¬ 
lets ; with us in feveral parts of the northern counties 
of England, and in Scotland. 
24. Hieracium lyratum, or Siberian hawkweed : ftem 
many-flowered; leaves lyrate, fmooth; calyx and pe¬ 
duncles hifpid. This is very nearly allied to the fore¬ 
going. It is a native of Siberia. 
25. Hieracium cerinthoides, or honey wort hawkweeds 
root-leaves obovate, toothletted; ftem-leaves oblong, 
half-clafping. Stem eighteen inches high, branched at 
the top, bearded at the bafe only, or between the {heaths 
of the root-leaves, with long white hairs, clofely crowded 
together, in other parts quite fmooth, glaucous, fliining, 
flightly ftriated. Leaves thin; the bottom ones of va¬ 
rious fizes, from three inches to a foot in length, from 
an inch and a half to two inches in breadth, feldom {harp, 
narrowing into the petiole and decurrent, with a few very 
fmall teeth from the bafe only to the middle, thence al¬ 
ways quite entire to the end; the younger ones are? 
greener, only with white hairs underneath; thofe which 
are more advanced are quite bald, except at the bafe of 
the petioles and along the midrib, of a yellowilh grfeen, 
or glaucous. Gouan remarks, that it varies in its natiye 
place, with a ftem fcarcely a hand in height, with two 
flowers, and a Angle leaf, if any. Native of the Pyrenees. 
26. Hieracium amplexicaule, or heart-leaved hawk¬ 
weed: leaves ftem-clafping, heart-fhaped, fomewjiat 
toothed; peduncles one-flowered, hirfute; ftem branch¬ 
ed. Allied to H. villofum, and Hill more to pyrenaicum. 
The whole plant has hairs glandular at the tip, thinly 
fcattered over it. Stem a foot high, ftriated; branches 
ufually two-flowered from the upper axils. Leaves cor¬ 
date (the lower ones oblong), green on both fides, fine¬ 
ly toothed. Native of the Pyrenean mountains. Gouan, 
who makes the next a variety of this, fays that no fpe¬ 
cies varies more, but that it may eafily be diftinguifhed 
by its pleafant balfamic fmell whilft young,, and by the 
whole plant abounding in glutinous hairs, having glo¬ 
bules at the end. According to Villars, the conftant cha¬ 
racters of the fpecies in all the varieties are, the great 
quantity of glandular hairs, which give it the fmell of 
baum or new honey ; the opennefs of the lower fcales of 
the calyx; the ruflet colour of the whole plant; the 
truncated root; and the hairs of the egret brittle, and 
elbowed at the ba(e. 
27. Hieracium Pyrenaicum, or Pyrenean hawkweed .- 
leaves ftem-clafping, obovate-lanceolate, toothed back¬ 
wards; ftem Ample; calyxes loofe. This fpecies alfo 
varies fo much as not eafily to be determined. It par¬ 
takes of this genus, Crepis, and Picris; and feems very 
nearly allied to Crepis fibirica, vol. v, p. 349. Seeds 
oblong. 
