856 H I G 
•was enlarged by Edwin Sandys, biflrop of London, and 
a chapel added to it. ' 
HIGH'GATE, a townfhip of the American States, 
in Vermont, in Franklin county. 
HIGH'LAND, f. Mountainous region.—Ladies in 
the highlands of Scotland ufe this difcipline to their chil¬ 
dren in the midft of winter, and find that cold water 
does them no harm. Locke. 
HIGH'LANDER, f. An inhabitant of mountains ; a 
mountaineer.—The term is commonly applied to the in¬ 
habitants of the highlands of Scotland, for which fee 
thearlicleScoTLAND ; and fometimes to the inhabitants 
cjf the Weftern Ifles, for which fee the article He¬ 
brides, -in this volume. 
HIGH'LANDS, an elevated tradl of country in the 
American States, on the banks of Hudfon’s river, in the 
State of New York, between forty and fixty.miles north 
of New York city. The paflage on the river through 
thefe highlands, for the diftanceof about eighteen miles, 
is grand and romantic in a high degree. The opening 
feems to have been formed on purpofe for’the paflage of 
this noble river. On thefe highlands are fituated the 
important fortrefles of Weft Point, Fort Montgomery, 
and Stoney Point. The moft noted peaks ane, Thunder 
Hill, St. Anthony’s Nofe, Sugar Loaf, Butter Hill, and 
Break Neck Hill. After palling the two laft, the 
country opens delightfully, and prefents to the eye the 
pleafant villages of New-Windfor and Newburgh. 
HIGH'LY, adv. With elevation as to place and fitu- 
ation ; aloft; in a great degree.—It cannot but be highly 
requifite for us to enliven our faith, by dwelling often 
on the fame confiderations. Atterbury. —Proudly ; arro¬ 
gantly; ambitioufiy: 
What thou would’ft highly , 
That thou would’ft holily ; would’ft not play falfe. 
And yet would’ft wrongly win. ‘ Shakefpeare. 
With efteem; with eftimation.—Every man that is 
among you, not to think' of himfelf more highly than he 
ought to think. Rom. xii. 
HIGH'MORE (Jofeph), an eminent painter, born in 
London in 1692. On the firft inftitution of the academy 
of painting, fculpture, &c. in 1753, he was elected one 
of the profeftors. In 1754 he publifhed A critical Ex¬ 
amination of thofe two Paintings [by Rubens] on the 
Ceiling of.the Banqueting-houfe at Whitehall, in which 
Architecture is introduced, fo far as relates to Per- 
fpeCtive; together with the Difcuflion of a Queftion 
which has been the Subject of Debate among Painters : 
printed in 4to. In the foiution of this queftion, he 
proved that Rubens and feveral other great painters 
were miftaken in the practice, and Mr. Kirby and fe¬ 
veral other authors in the theory. Of the many portraits 
which Mr. Highmore painted,-in a large practice of 
forty-fix years, it is impoflible and ufelefs to defcend to 
particulars. His capital work of the literary kind was 
fiis PraClice of PerfpeCtive, on the Principles of Drs. 
Brook, Taylor, &c. publiflied in 1763, in one vol. 4to. 
This not only evinced his fcientific,knowledge of the 
fubjeCl, but removed, by its perfpicuity, the only 
objection that can be made to the fyftem of Dr. Taylor. 
In the lame year he publilhed two fmall volumes of 
Elfays, moral, religious, and mifcellaneous; with a 
TranHation in profe of Mr. Browne’s Latin Poem on the 
Immortality of the Soul ; leleCted from a large number 
written at his leifure, at different periods of life. Fie 
died at Canterbury, in March 1780, aged 88. 
HIGH'MORE (Nathaniel), a phyfician and anatomift, 
feorn in 1613, at Fordingbridge in Hampfhire. He was 
eleCted, in 1632, a ffholar of Trinity college, Oxford; 
and,-entering on the phyfic-line, took his degree of M.D. 
in 1642. Fie then fettled at Sherborne in Dorfetftrire, 
where lie became eminent in the praCtice of the pro- 
feftion. Flis principal work is ^Corporis Humani Difquijitio. 
Anaton.ua, folio, Flag. 1651. The anatomical defcriptions 
H I G 
in this pieee are brief and Ample, and the reafonings 
copious. The figures are chiefly copied from Vefalius, 
Another work of Highmore’s is The Hiftory of Gene¬ 
ration, 8vo. 1651, with good figures of the embryo in 
the incubated egg. He fupports in it a notion of in- 
deftruCtible atoms in the animal frame, fomewhat re- 
fembling the organical molecules of Buffon. He alfo 
wrote Exercitationes duce: l. de Pafjione Hyjlerica ; II. de Hy- 
pochondriaca AjfeEliene, 1660, 121110. Theie abound with 
phyfiological remarks and hypothefes, moft of them 
ingenipus and folid. Dr. Willis having attacked fome 
of his opinions, he printed, in 1670, Epifola Refponforiet 
ad T. Willis. He died in 1685. 
HIGH'MOST, adj. [an irregular word.] Higheft; 
topmoft : 
Now is the fun upon the highmojl hill 
Of this day’s journey. Shakefpeare. 
HIGFI'NESS, f. Elevation above the furface; alti¬ 
tude; loftinefs.—The title of princes; anciently of 
kings.—Beauty and greatnefs are eminently joined in 
your royal highnefs. Dryden. 
Flow long in vain hath nature ftriv’d to frame 
A perfeCt princefs, ere her highnefs came ? Waller. 
Dignity of nature; fupremacy.—Deftrudlion from Goc} 
was a terror to me, and by reafon of his highnefs I could 
not endure. Jobxxx i. 
To HIGHT, t-. n. [jjaran, to call, Sax. kejfen, Germ.] 
To be called: 
The city of the great king hight it well. 
Wherein eternal peace and happinefs doth dwell. Spenfr. 
Within this homeftead liv’d, without a peer 
For crowing loud, the noble Chanticleer ; 
So hight her cock. _ Dryden. 
It is fometimes ufed as a participle paflive: called; 
named.—It is now obfolete, except in burlefque writings* 
—Hearn he hight. Pope. 
Among the reft a good old woman was, 
Hight mother Hubberd. Hubberd’s Tale. 
To HIGHT, v. a. part. paff. hight, [ufed by Spenfer in 
fome of the fenfes of] Behight. Toentruft; to commit: 
The gates flood open wide. 
Yet charge of them was to a porter hight. Fairy Queen. 
To direCt; to intend. 
But the fad fteele feiz’d not where it was hight 
Upon the childe, but fomewhat fhort did fall. Idem. 
HIGH'WAY,/ [via regia, Lat.] A public paflage in 
every part of the realm, which is always alike open and 
free for all his majefty’s fubjeCts, whence it is called the 
king’s highway. As this accommodation contributes 
largely to the interefts and advantages of the community, 
fo the legiflature has, by many falutary laws, provided 
that the public, thus benefited by fafe and fubftantial 
roads, lhall contribute almoft individually and con- 
ftantly, towards their fupport. There are (fays Lord 
Coke) three kinds of highways; 1. A footway, called 
in Latin iter. 2. A packway, which is both a horfe 
and footway, but not for ftieep and cattle ; called in 
Latin a£lus. 3. A cart-way, called via, or aditus, which 
contains the other two, and alfo a cart-way; and is 
called via regia, if it be common to men and cattle ; 
and communisfrata, if it belong only to fome town or 
private perfon. Co. Lit. 56. a. And it feems, that a way 
to a parifh church, or to the common fields of a town 
of village, which terminates there, may be called a pri¬ 
vateway, becaufe it belongs not to all the king’s fubjeCts,. 
but only to the particular inhabitants of Inch parifh, 
houle, or village, each of which may have an adtion 
for a nuifance therein. Palm. 389. Co. Lit. 56. 1 Hawk. 
P. C. c. 76. If paftengers have ufed, time out of mind, 
when the roads are bad, to go by outlets on the land 
adjoining to a highway in an open field, fuch outlets 
