PINUS COULTERI 
Identification. —PINUS COULTERI. Don in Linn. Trans., xvii. p. 440; Lambert, Genus Pinus, iii. p. 113 (1803-24); Loudon , Arbor. 
Brit., iv. p. 2250 (1838); Loudon, Encycl. of Trees, p. 985 (1842); Forbes, Pinet. Woburn., p. 67 (1839); Link in Linncea, 
xv. p. 510 (1841) ; Antoine, Conif, p. 31 (1846) ; De Chambr., Trait. Prat. Arbr. Resin., p. 348 (1846); Endlicher, Syn. Conif, 
p. 160 (1847); Carriere, Trait. Gen. Conif., p. 335 (1855) ; Parlatore in D. C. Prod., xvi. 2, p. 393 (1868); Gordon, Pinetum, 
ed. 2, p. 266 (1875) ; Engelmann, Revision of the Gemis Pinus, p. 17 [177] (1880). 
PINUS MACROCARPA. Lindl., Bot. Reg., Appx., p. 61 (1840); Lindl. and Gord ., Journ. Hort. Soc., v. p. 316 (1850); 
Knight, Syn. Conif. , p. 30 (1850) ; Gordon, Pinetum , p. 201 (1858), and do. Supplement, p. 66 (1862). 
PINUS SABINA COULTERI. Loudon, Encycl. of Trees, p. 985 (1842). 
Engravings. — Cone and Foliage —Lambert, Genus Pinus, loc. cit., t. 80; Loudon, Arbor., loc. cit., fig. 2144-2147; Forbes, Pinet. Woburn., 
loc. cit., t. 25, 26; Antoine, Conif., loc. cit., t. 12, 13 ; Loudon, Encycl. of Trees, fig. 1839-1841. 
Specific Character .—Taeda foliis ternis quaternis vel elongatis sat fortibus (4-15 pollicares long.); 
vaginis (1 pollicare long.) laceris, ramulis crassis; pulvinis adpressis; strobilis oblongo-conicis (1 pollicare 
long.) squamis cuneatis apophysi ancipiti in umbonem longissium (14-3 pollicares long.), subulatum validum 
uncinato-incurvum continuo; seminibus ala quadruplo brevioribus. 
Habitat in California in montibus St. Luciae (lat. 36° N.), altit. 3000-4000 pedes. 
A large robust tree, reaching 80 or 100 feet in height, with wide-spreading branches open at the top. 
Branchlets reach an inch thick; pulvini short, decurrent, adpressed. Leaves in threes, occasionally in 
fours or fives, long, stout, compressed, rounded on the outer side, flat on the inner side with a raised mid¬ 
rib, sharp pointed, with the mucro a little to one side, with about eight stomata on the outer side of the 
leaf, and eight on the inner, disposed four on each side of the midrib; the edges and the midrib finely 
serrulated (fig. 1, a, b). The section is transversely oval with very thick hypoderm, resin canals numerous, 
parenchymatous surrounded by strengthening cells; bundle-sheaths of two rows of lignified cells; the 
sheaths (fig. 2, a, b) as thick as a crow’s quill, and 1 or i| inch in length at first; afterwards they be¬ 
come corrugated and short (the figure of them given by Loudon is wholly erroneous); the base is turned, 
and has three stiff cartilaginous glabrous lanceolate scales, one short one on each side, and a long one more 
than half an inch in length on the outside, all with fimbriated or lanceolate scales, which soon break off 
and leave the impressions, which become the phyllulse and pulvini. Douglas says the scales are white, but 
in those we have seen they were brown, darkest towards the apex of the branch. Buds rather short, pointed, 
enclosed with adpressed scales covered with gum. Male catkins (fig. 3) numerous, in clusters, surrounding 
the 
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