PINUS INSIGNIS. 
of thofe growing under different conditions in thefe refpedfs, which fuccumbed to the winter of i860, 
viz.:— 
Soils. 
Geological Formations. 
Number of places 
where killed or 
much injured. 
Number of places 
where little or 
not at all injured. 
Proportion which 
escaped. 
Number of places 
where killed or 
much injured. 
Number of places 
where little or 
not at all injured. 
Proportion which 
escaped. 
Sandy soil,. 
2 
I 
\ 
Clay slate,... 
2 
2 
equal. 
Light or sandy loam,. 
18 
4 
4 
2 
j_ 
Carboniferous limestone, ... 
Limestone,. 
j 
Gravelly, slaty, or stony, ... 
Loam, .... 
9 
4 
1 
2 
1 
4 
2 
2 
about equal. 
38 
1 
A 
Oolite, 
O 
Wet clay, ... 
4 
T 
9 
none. 
Chalk, .... 
7 
1 
1 
Ironstone,. 
I 
7 
Sandstone,. 
4 
Old Red sandstone,. 
1 
Gritstone, . 
1 
Marl,. 
1 
It appears, from the only data in the above table where the inftances are fufficiently numerous to 
generalife from, that the trees in fandy light loam efcaped better than thofe in heavy loam ; but it is only 
in a very minor degree that we can truft to feeing the effedls of the foil exhibited in the hardinefs of the 
tree; and the above refult is the lefs to be looked at, feeing the number of other caufes which might 
affect its fate, fuch as the degree of cold each might have been fubjedted to, the nature of its expofure, the 
quality of the plant, &c. 
Had we been able to give a comparifon of the growth of trees of the fame age in the different foils 
in the fame diftridf, that would have been interefbng; but for that, unfortunately, we have no fufficient 
materials. We might contrail: the growth of a few trees of the fame ages in different counties; but as the 
foil in molt inftances of which we have notes feems to have been fimilar, the refult muft go to climate and 
fituation rather than to foil. Thus three trees, each 21 years of age, and growing in a loamy foil, have 
attained the following heights: at Osborne, 50 feet; at Redleaf (Kent), 40 feet; and at Glafflough 
(Monaghan), 43 feet. Two of 30 years of age, and alfo growing in loam, have attained refpedtively 46 
feet and 65 feet; the former at Eaftnor Caftle (Herefordfhire) and the other at Bidton (Devonfhire). A 
ffill more remarkable contrail: appears to exiff between trees of nearly the fame age, at Watcombe (Devon¬ 
fhire) and Longleat (Wiltfhire), but it is fo great that we fufpedt fome error as to the age, and have indi¬ 
cated our doubts by the ufual mark in the table in the next page. 
The reader knows that Mr Palmer’s tables are not to be taken as reprefenting the ftatiftics of a 
general cenfus of all the trees in the kingdom ; or of the refults at all places in the kingdom. They are 
merely of value as the refults of an impartial fearch after information, wherever it could be procured. A 
good deal of incidental information relating to other points was obtained by him at the fame time, and re¬ 
corded in his remarks on each cafe. From thefe we learn that the older a tree was, the better it withftood 
the cold. The more expofed trees alfo feem to have efcaped fully better than thofe in low damp grounds ; 
and many trees that were thought at the time to be irretrievably injured, fubfequently recovered. Among 
thofe that were llain were many fine trees, 20, 30, and 40 feet high. At Highnam Court in Gloucefter- 
fhire, at Deddefley Park and Rollefton Hall in Stafford, a tree of 30 feet high was loft at each of thefe 
places; while two others were killed in Gloucefterfhire, one 45 and another 35 feet high. Of thofe which 
remain, the talleft which we know of are, one at Bidton in Devonfhire, and one at Mount Shannon in 
Limerick, both, when meafured in 1862, being 65 feet high. There is one at Porthquedden, near Truro 
in Cornwall, which muft now be upwards of 60 feet in height, growing about 100 yards from the fea. It 
was 55 feet in i860. The tree at Osborne portrayed in our plate is 50 feet high. In i860, one at Nettle- 
combe, in Somerfetfhire, was 48 feet high; another at Caftlehill, in Devonfhire, was 50 feet. There is a 
good tree at Mr Blandy’s, near Reading, about 30 feet in height. One at Linton Park, in Kent, was then 
41 feet high, and 33 feet in the diameter of the fpread of the branches ; another 29 feet high and 24 feet 
[ 19 ] 
in 
