PINUS BALFOURIANA. 
FOX-TAIL PINE OF NEVADA. 
Identification. —PINUS BALFOURIANA, Oregon Committees Circular (1852); Gordon, Pine turn , 217 (1858); Engelmann in Revision 
of Genus Pinus , p. 19, and note 6, and in Pot. of California, ii. p. 125 ; Gard. Chron., March 11, 1876, p. 332. 
PINUS PARRYANA, Parlatore, cited by Gordon, Pinetum , ed. 2 (1878), p. 293. 
PINUS QUADRIFOLIA, Parry, cited by Gordon, Pinetum , ed. 2 (1878), p. 293. 
Engravings. — Cone , Seed, and Leaves; Gard. Chron., loc. cit. 
Specific Character .—Pinus folns quinis singulis falcatis brevibus ; vagims caducissimis ; strobilis fuscis 
elongatis attenuatis sub-pyriformibus parum curvatis, squamis sub-laxis, apophysi tetragono umbone trans- 
versim elliptico depresso ; seminibus alatis, spermodermate maculato. 
Habitat in California boreali. 
Fig. 1. 
Fi g- 3- 
Fig. 6. 
A tree of about 80 feet high (seldom over 50, Engelmann). Branches said by Mr. Gordon to be 
pendulous and flexible (causa scientiae non patet), bark smooth (deeply fissured, Engelmann), and reddish, 
leaves in fives (fig. i), but varying upon the same shoot, there some¬ 
times being only four, sometimes only three, and occasionally as few 
as two in the sheath. They are crowded on the branch, trigonal, 
short (about 1 inch long), ridged and slightly falcate, or curved 
inwards, without stomata on the back (fig. 2), with several rows on 
each of the inner sides (fig. 3). The margin is entire; sheaths 
caducous, composed of long scales ; the hypoderm is double and the 
resin canals (fig. 4) peripheral; inflorescence not yet known ; cones 
long (4 or 5 inches), tapering, and sometimes pear-shaped, but more 
blunt at the end (fig. 5), dark-brown, said by Mr. Gordon to be 
mostly solitary and pendent on the points of the branches and full 
of resinous matter ; scales thin, flattened, with the apophysis tetragonal, 
depressed in the centre, in which is a transversely elliptical umbo. 
Seeds winged (fig. 6); wing large, straight at the back, and with a 
broad, bold curve on the other margin. Seed moderately large, pro¬ 
jecting a little backwards from the wing; spermoderm maculated. 
Fi 
K- 2. 
Fig. 4. 
Fig- 5 - 
Description. We know nothing more of the appearance of this tree than the brief notices given 
by Jeffrey, that it grows to a height of 80 feet with a diameter of 3 feet. In his “ Revision of the Genus 
Pinus” (1880), Engelmann states that this and P. aristata , in spite of the differences in the cones, are 
identical. In Utah and Nevada a form occurs with cones like those of P. aristata , but with short stout 
recurved prickles. 
Geographical 
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