PINUS SABINIANA. 
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the confignment of the cones and feeds of this tree) were received; but his diftreffing death unhappily 
brought all fuch contributions to a premature end. 
Mr Sabine was well known in London as a lover of fcience, as his brother General Sabine continues 
to be. He was a Fellow of the Linnaean Society, as well as of many other learned Societies. For 
fome time he was upon the Council of the Linnaean Society; and for many years he filled the office of 
Secretary to the Horticultural Society. He contributed about forty botanical or horticultural papers to 
the Tranfadlions of the Horticultural Society, as well as feveral papers to the Linnaean. He was alfo an 
authority on ornithology, and had efpecially directed his attention to the changes in the plumage of birds. 
He defcribed a new gull from Greenland, and wrote an account of the marmots of North America. He 
alfo wrote the Zoological Appendix to Captain Franklins Journey of 1819-22. The revolution in the 
affairs of the Society which led to the refignation of Mr Sabine, and of feveral members of the Council, 
arofe from the diffatisfaction of a portion of the Society with its financial management; but during Mr 
Sabine’s Secretaryfhip an immenfe amount of good was done to horticulture, of which not only this country 
but the whole of Europe feel the advantage to the prefent day. It was while he was Secretary that 
Douglas’s difcoveries were made, and his name muff ever be affociated with the mofl ufeful period of the 
Horticultural Society’s exiftence. 
Geographical Dijlribution .—This fpecies is found on the lower flopes of both the coaft and inland 
ranges of mountains in California, for nearly the whole length of the Hate, or at leaf! from Santo Lucia to 
Oregon. In afcending from the plains, it is among the firft of the Pines which is met with, and continues 
through the range of Pinus tuberculata and P. Benthamiana , difappearing about the lower limits of the 
Sugar Pine ( P . Lambertiand). 
Groves or forefts of this tree may be eafily reached from San Francifco. If the explorer choofes to 
turn his face fouthwards, he will find them before reaching Santa Cruz ; if to the eaft, he will meet them 
before he reaches Coloma, the name now given to Sutter’s Mill, where the difcovery of gold was firft made, 
which has fince peopled the wildernefs with fuch aftonifhing rapidity; and to the north, in the lower moun¬ 
tains of the Sierra Nevada, at almoft any point he pleafes. 
Properties and Ufes. —The timber, although white and tough, is not of much value, the habit of the 
tree making it unprofitable to work from its crooked and irregular form. Carriere fays that, contrary to 
the opinion given by Lambert as to the bad quality of the wood, M. Bourfiere de la Riviere affured him 
that it is tenacious, flexible, although reflfting, and confequently very fit for carpentry; but that “ it 
prefents, in the fpiral difpofition of its fibres, a ftrudfcure which renders its employment difficult for 
certain purpofes, for it will not fplit without much difficulty.” We do not exactly know what this means, 
as the fpiral difpofition of the fibres is a property fhared by all other Pines as well as all other plants; 
but we have feen in the timber of well-grown trees in this country large accumulations of refin irregularly 
difperfed among the woody fibres, which doubtlefs will account better than its fpiral fibres for the unwork¬ 
able character of the timber. 
Culture. —It vegetates freely in the open air, and a feed-bed of this tree burfting through the ground 
is an exceedingly pleaftng objedt—the cotyledonous leaves coming up fo ftrong, fo frefh, and fo green, 
as to charm any one who is watching them. They require protection during the winter, however, for the 
firft year or two. As a baby cannot ftand the expofure which would not prove injurious to a grown 
man, fo young plants are more tender than thofe further advanced. Mr Palmer’s tables of the 
injury done in the winter of i860 fhew that in England the plants at twenty-four out of thirty-nine 
localities had been killed, and had efcaped uninjured at only ten—that is, a fourth had efcaped. In 
Scotland, the proportion was higher—a half had efcaped; and in Ireland the whole efcaped, but 
then only one locality was reported on. The foil in which the tree grows in its native country is 
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