LON 
ami mounted on (lately liorfes, and accompanied by the 
king, divers foreign princes, the nobility, and the lord- 
mayor, was conduced in great magnificence to the royal 
palace at Greenwich. The marriage was folemnized on 
Twelfth-day ; and on the 4th of February, being the day 
appointed for their majesties’ removal to Weltminfter, the 
lord-mayor and aldermen, in the city-barge, attended by 
the twelve principal companies, in their relpeftive barges, 
inoft pompoufly equipped, repaired to Greenwich, whence 
they conducted the king and queen by water to Welt¬ 
minfter. 
The metropolis was at this period the unfortunate wit- 
nefs of the wanton cruelties committed by Henry in his 
unruly, fickle, and ferocious, humour; for feveral of 
the fquares and ftreets of London reverberated the flames 
kindled to devour promifcuoully papifts and proteftants, 
the victims of his infernal palfion.— Tros rutulvfve fuat, 
nullo difcrimine liabetur. —Dr. Barnes, who had made a 
figure in an embafly to the German princes; Thomas 
Gerard, a reforming minifter ; and William Jerome, vicar 
of Stepney, who had been, unheard, attainted of herefiy 
by the parliament; were now condemned to the (lake; 
but, when they came there, neither they nor the (heriff 
knew for what they fuffered. Along with them Gregory 
Buttolph, Adam Damplip, and Clement Philpot, (all pa¬ 
pifts,) were hanged, drawn, and quartered, for denying 
the king’s fupremacy. To increafe the abfurdity of this 
andiferiminate cruelty, they were drawn to the place of 
execution on three hurdles, a catholic and a proteftant on 
each. This horrid feene caufed a foreigner, who was a 
fpeftator of it, to exclaim ; “ Good God ! how unhappy 
are the people of this country, who are hanged for being 
papifts, or burnt for being enemies to popery.” 
In theyeari54T alfo, muchblood waslhedontbe fcaffold, 
and many perfons of different, ranks were executed. The 
moft illuftrious of thefe victims was the aged countefs of 
Salifbury, the laft of the royal race of the Plantagenets. 
This venerable matron had been attainted by parliament 
in 1539, and had been kept in prifon from that time. 
Without regard to her fex, her age, or her royal defeent, 
fhe was brought to a fcaffold in the Tower, on the 17th 
of May, to be beheaded, where, though in her feventieth 
year, (he behaved with wonderful fpirit and magnani¬ 
mity. When defired to lay her head upon the block (he 
obftinately refufed, faying, “I am no traitor 5 I have 
done nothing to delerve death j if you will have my head,” 
fhaking her grey locks, “ you mult get it as well as you 
can.” In confequence of this, flie wa» rather butchered 
than beheaded. Herbert. 
But let us draw a veil over thefe feenes of blood, and 
feek in the pages of the hiftory of our metropolis for fome 
more pleafing fubjetts.—The improvements made in the 
city, at this time, were very confiderable, and moft con¬ 
ducive to the comforts and happinefs of the Londoners. 
Robert Brocke, chaplain to the king, invented a method 
of making leaden pipes for conveying water more eafily 
and lefs expenfively, under ground, without ufing folder. 
Robert Cooper, a goldfmith of London, was the iirft who 
made them, and put the invention in praftice. An adt of 
parliament was parted in this year for paving the follow¬ 
ing ftreets in London ; viz. the ftreet leading from Aid- 
gate to Whitechapel-church ; the upper part of Chan¬ 
cery-lane; the way leading from Holborn-bars, weft ward, 
towards St. Giles’s in the Fields, as far as any habitation 
was on both lides of the (aid ftreet; Gray’s-inn-lane, Shoe- 
lane, and Feuter’s-lane, now Fetter-lane; the two laft 
being thorough-fares and palfages from Fleet-llreet into 
Holborn. 
On the nth of February, 1542, Catharine Howard, 
king Henry’s fifth wife, and her confidante lady JaneRoch- 
ford, were beheaded on a fcaffold, erected within the 
Tower of London. This new act: of cruelty feemed to 
have called down the vengeance of the Almighty upon 
earth ; for we find that about this time the price of meat 
was fo confiderably increafed by a great mortality among 
VoL.XIII. No. 889. 
D O N. 17 
the cattle, that the mayor and common-council made a 
i'umptuary law to reftrain luxurious feafting, wherein it 
was ordained, that the lord-mayor fliould not have more 
than feven dilhes at dinner or fupper; the aldermen and 
lheriffs were limited to fix, the fword-bearer to four, and 
the lord-mayor’s and (heriff’s officers to three; upon pe¬ 
nalty of forty (hillings for every fuperniimerary difti. It 
was likewife enadted, that neither the lord-mayor, aider- 
men, nor fheriffs, fliould buy cranes, fwans, or bultards, 
after the enfuing Eafter, under the penalty of forty (hil¬ 
lings for every bird fo bought; but the purchafer was at 
liberty to clear himfeif by his own oath. 
Confidering thefe laws with attention, it occurs to our 
mind, that the manner of private living at thofe times mud 
have been very different from what is the cafe at this mo¬ 
ment ; for, except in fome particular inftances, two dirties 
often conftitute the bill of fare of the belt tables in the 
city, when no company is either invited or expended ; a 
difh of fifh and a piece of boiled or roafted meat make the 
whole of the dinner; as to pies and puddings, it is not 
to be fuppofed that they were underftood orIncluded in 
the tenor of the law. The French, who are fond of many 
dirties, feem to have been at that time the model for fur- 
nirtiing Englirti tables ; but, fince we have returned to 
our ancient (implicity in that particular, we have certainly 
improved our moral and corporal ftrength ; yet we do not 
mean to fet up the citizens of London as examples of 
Lacedemonian felf-denial. As to the claufe about fwans, 
cranes, and buftards, this law became obfolete as foon 
as the refined palate of our anceftors rejected the coarie- 
nel's of thofe fowls, and adopted the uie of more delicate 
food. 
The improvements about the paving- of the ftreets of 
London, and the regulations concerning them, were at 
this period in great vigour; and, to what we have noticed 
before, may be added, that it was ordained by an aft of 
parliament, that the lord-mayor, aldermen, &c. of London, 
“ (hall have power to inquire into, hear, and determine, 
the defaults of paving and reparation of ftreets ; and that 
any three juftices in London, whereof the mayor to be 
one, may fet fines upon fuch as do not pave and repair 
any ftreet or lane in London, or the liberties thereof, to 
be levied by diftrefs or aftion, &c. by the chamberlain, 
to the ufe of the mayor and commonalty of the faid city.% 
And it was further enabled, “That the conduits of Lon¬ 
don fliould be made and repaired, for the better watering 
of the city and its liberties ; and that the mayor and ci- 
tizens fhould have power to bring water to the faid con¬ 
duits from Hampftead-heath, Marybone, Hackney, and 
Mufwell-hill, upon their indemnifying the owners of 
lands for damages that might be done by the faid water* 
courfes, &c." 
The plague raged fo violently in London during this 
year, that a great number of the citizens fell victims to 
it, and the term was adjourned to St. Alban’s. 
Sir John Allen, who had ferved the office of lord-mayor 
in 1535, and was honoured with the rank of a privy-cours- 
fellor, died this year. By his will he gave a rich collar of 
gold to be worn by future lord-mayors, and five hundred 
marks, to be a flock for fea-coal; he alfo directed the rents 
of his lands, purchafed of the king, to be diftributed 
yearly to the poor in each ward for ever; befides many 
other liberal henefabtions to the prilons, hofpitals, lazar- 
houfes, and the poor of other parts within two miles of 
the city. He was buried in a chapel belonging to Sr. 
Thomas of Acres, which he had built. 
In the year 1545* the twelve city-companies advanced 
the king 21,263!. 6s. 8d. upon a mortgage of crown-lands, 
towards the charges of his war with Scotland. This, 
however, being found infufficient, his majefty afterwards 
fent commiflioners into the city to affefs the Londoners, 
in an arbitrary manner, by way of benevolence. Alderman. 
Richard Read not only objected to this illegal proceed¬ 
ing, but politively refufed to pay the fum demanded of 
him; for which Henry, whole tyrannical fpirit would en. 
X dure. 
