98 LON 
religious perfuafion was not groundlefs, and it apologized 
fufficiently for the rigour of the meafure. War was pro¬ 
claimed againft France on the 31ft of March following. 
The journeymen haymakers and tailors having entered 
into a combination, and ceafed to work, in order to ob¬ 
tain better wages than effablifhed by the law, the follow¬ 
ing refolution was paffed by the jultices at their meeting 
on the 26th of September of the fame year, viz. “ That, 
if any journeyman Ihould refufe to work for the wages 
fettled by aft of parliament, he Ihould be committed to 
hard labour for two months; and, that the mailer that 
paid more than the aft allowed Ihould forfeit five pounds.” 
This refolution was no fooner publifhed than it produced 
the defired efteft; the combination ceafed, and the jour¬ 
neymen returned quietly to their refpeftive employ¬ 
ments. 
The flreets of the city of London were at this time fo 
peftered with ftreet-robbers, that it induced the lord- 
mayor and aldermen to petition his majefty for “ a fpeedy, 
rigorous, and exemplary, execution of the laws upon the 
perfons of offenders, as they (hall fall into the hands of 
juftice.” In confequence of this petition, on the 9th of 
January following, his majefty iffued a proclamation, pro- 
mifing a reward of one hundred pounds, over and above 
all other rewards, for the apprehending of every perfon 
found guilty of robbery or murder. 
The eagernefs of the remains of the Stuart family to 
recover the throne which they had loft in the perfon of 
their anceftor James II. induced the two fons of the pre¬ 
tender to ereft their Itandard in Scotland. A number of 
difaffefted perfons furrounded it in open rebellion; and a 
general dread began to prevail. Upon this occafion the city 
©f London was very prompt in defence of the houfe of Han¬ 
over. The lord-mayor, aldermen, and common-council, 
attended by the IherifFs, recorder, and all the city-officers, 
waited upon his majefty at Kenfington, with their ad- 
drefs, as the reprefentative body of the city of London ; 
in which they congratulated his majefty on his fafe return 
to his Britifh dominions, and on the conqueft of Cape 
Breton; and conclude, “The rafh and daring attempts 
of the profeffed enemies of this nation, in favour of a 
popifh and abjured pretender, have filled the hearts of us, 
your loyal citizens, with the utmoft abhorrence and de- 
teftation ; and we beg leave to give your majefty the moft 
folemn afl'urance, that we will be ready upon all occafions 
to facrifice all that is dear and valuable to us, in defence 
of your majefty’s royal perfon and family, and in fupport 
of our happy conftitution, both in church and llate.” 
The next day the merchants of London prefented a moft 
dutiful andftoyal addrefs on the fame occafion. And fo 
anxious were they for fupporting the public credit, that 
above eleven hundred of the moft confiderable merchants, 
traders, and proprietors of the public funds, fubfcribed 
their names to the following agreement: “ We, the un- 
derfigned merchants, and others, being fenfible how ne- 
ceffary the prefervation of public credit is at this time, 
do hereby declare, that we w ill not refufe to receive bank¬ 
notes in payment of any futn of money to be paid us ; 
and we will ufe our utmoft endeavours to make all our 
payments in the fame manner.” In confequence of this 
refolution, the demands, which had been very confidera¬ 
ble at the bank a few days before for cafh, began greatly 
to diminirti. Thefe hafty demands were faid to have been 
occaiioned by the papifts and jacobites, with a defign to 
hurt public credit as much as poflible, and to get gold to 
fend to the rebels ; but in this they were difappointed by 
the directors ordering all payments to be made in filver, 
which alfo made the bufinefsof paying money go on very 
How, and gave time for credit to recover irfelf. The run 
upon the bank continued but a few days. 
Befides the affociations formed for the defence of the city 
of London, as noticed under the article England, vol. vi. 
p. 719, a large fubfcription was raifed out of the chamber 
of London for fuch foldiers as were, or Ihould thereafter 
be, employed in his majefty’s fervice, during the winter fea- 
D O N. 
fon, in order to crnfh the riling rebellion. But, on the 
other hand, new afts of feverity were exercifed againft 
popifti priefts refident in or within fen miles of London. 
It is eafy to conceive how in thefe troublefome times the 
minds of all men in the metropolis muft have been agi¬ 
tated ; when at length the viftory of Culloden put an 
end to their anxious fufpenfe. See the article England, 
before quoted.—The loyalty of the citizens prompted 
their gratitude towards their firft magiftrate; and lir Ri¬ 
chard Hoare, who was lord-mayor in this troublefome 
year, received the particular thanks of the court of com¬ 
mon-council and court of lieutenancy, for his diligence 
and fteady attachment to liis country, during the late 
time of imminent danger ; for his conttant readinel's to 
call thofe courts together ; and, in particular, for his per- 
fonal attendance on all occafions. 
In 174.7, a bill, in confequence of a petition from a court 
of common-council, was brought in and palled, by which 
the duty of fixpence per chaldron, on coals and culm, was 
continued for thirty-five years longer, on the following 
conditions : Firft, that out of the produce of the laid im- 
pofition, the city Ihould pay three thoufand pounds per 
annum to the Mercers’ company; and, fecondly, that the 
refidue Ihould be applied to the Orphans’ fund; for the 
benefit of which, all the city manors, lands, &c. Ihould 
Hand charged with the yearly fum of two thoufand pounds, 
over and above the eight thoufand pounds applied by the 
former ftatute. It was alfo enacled, that, as the fund for 
railing the four per cent, intereft on the Orphans’ capital 
ftock had produced a very large furplus, (including the 
fum of *1,735!. 17s. 9d. due from the citizens to the faid 
fund ;) to make good the yearly fum of two thoufand 
pounds, which ought to have been raifed on their perfonal 
eftates, this furplus fliould be applied to pay off the prin¬ 
cipal fum of the Orphans’ debt. Soon after the obtain¬ 
ing of this aft, a committee was appointed to deliberate on 
the difcharge of the Orphans’ debt, and to confider what 
favings might be neceffary, to enable the citizens to pay 
the additional fum of two thoufand pounds per annum 
to this fund, which was to commence at Michaelmas 1750. 
This committee reported, that, in order to difcharge the 
Orphans’ debt, it would be neceifary to borrow the fum 
of twenty-five thoufand pounds; which was agreed to by 
the court of common-council, who empowered the com¬ 
mittee to treat for the loan, at three pounds fix Ihillings 
per cent, intereft. From the fum thus borrowed, the 
chamberlain, on the 20th of June, 1751, was ordered to 
difcharge the above fum of 21,7351. 17s. 9d. due to the 
fund from the city, and place it to the credit of the Or¬ 
phans’fund, in difcharge of the debt. In conformity to 
the terms of the before-mentioned llatute, the corpora¬ 
tion, from that time, conftantly railed the fum of two 
thoufand pounds per annum. 
The patriotic and loyal zeal which animated the city of 
London, as we ftated above, was evinced with fo much 
liberality, for the encouragement of the foldiers employed 
in fupprefting the late rebellion, that the furplus then re- 
tnainirfg in the hands of the committee amounted to 
three thoufand three hundred pounds; which fum was 
difpofed of to public charities, in the following manner : 
To St. Bartholomew’s Hofpital ... «£iooo 
To St. Thomas’s Hofpital - - 1000 
To the Hofpital at Bath - - - - 1000 
To the London Infirmary - 100 
To the Weltminlter Infirmary - - IOO 
To the Infirmary at Hyde-park Corner - - 100 
*£33°° 
In the morning of the 25th of March, a fire broke out 
in Exchange-alley, which, notwithftanding a plentiful 
fupply ©f water, and every poftible alfiftance, confumed 
one hundred and eighteen houles before noon. Four 
lives were loft; and the property deftroyed was valued, by 
the loweft computation, at upwards of two hundred thou¬ 
fand 
