L O N 
tour. On the memorable 2d of May, you defeated and 
routed the Ruffian and Pruffian army, commanded by the 
emperor Alexander and the king of Pruffia. You have 
added new luftre to the glory of my eagles. You have 
difplayed all that the French blood is capable of. The 
battle of Lutzen will be placed above thole of Aufterlitz, 
Jena, Friedland, and the Molkvva. In the laft campaign, 
the enemy found no refuge againft our arms, but by fol¬ 
lowing the ferocious courfe of his barbarous anceltors. 
Armies of Tartars laid walte his fields—his cities—facred 
Mofcow itfelf. They are now arrived in our regions, pre¬ 
ceded by all the bad fubjefls and deferters of Germany, 
France, and Italy, for the purpofe of preaching up revolt, 
anarchy, civil war, and murder. They became the apof- 
tles of every crime. They wifhed to light up a moral 
conflagration between the Viftula and the Rhine, in order, 
according to the ufage of defpotic governments, to place 
defects between us and them. Madmen! They little 
know the attachment of Germany to their fovcreigns — 
their wifdom, their orderly difpofition, and their good’ 
fenfe. They, little know the power and bravery of the 
French. In a (ingle battle, you have counteracted all 
thole parricidal plots. We"will drive back thefe Tartars into 
their frightful regions, which they ought never to have left. 
There let them remain, amid It their frozen defects—the 
abodes of flavery, of barbarifm, and of corruption, where 
man is debafed to an equality with the brute. You have 
deferved well of civilized Europe. Soldiers—Italy, France, 
Germany, return you thanks. From our Imperial Camp 
of Lutzen, May 3, 1813. Napoleon.” 
The eniprefs queen and regent fent to each biihop the 
following letter:—“ M. Biihop of-; The victory 
gained on the field of Lutzen, by his majelty the emperor 
and king, our very dear hufband and fovereign, can only 
be confidered as a fpecial aft of divine protection. We 
defire, that on receiving this letter you caufe Te Deum to 
be fung, and return thanks to the God of hofts, and that 
you will thereto add fuch prayers as you (hall judge molt 
fuitable for drawing down the Divine Protection on our 
arms, and efpecially for the prefervation of the facred per- 
fon of the emperor and king, our very dear hulband and 
fovereign. May God preferve him from all danger ! His 
fafety is as necefiary to the happinefs of the empire as to 
the welfare of Europe, and to religion, which he has raifed 
Up, and which he is called to re-eftablilh. He is the molt 
Sincere and faithful protestor of it. This letter having- 
no other object, we pray God to have you in his holy 
keeping. Given at our Imperial Palace at St. Cloud, this 
nth May, 1813. Maria Louisa.” 
Bonaparte made his entry into Drefden on the 8th of 
May.—The king of Saxony, while the arms of the al¬ 
lies continued to prol'per, had Ihown fome difpofition to 
efpoufe their caule. In (lead of remaining in Franconia, 
he had repaired to Prague, where he might be ready to 
act according to circumftances. But, feeing Napoleon 
again malter of Saxony, and the (tar of liis fortune again 
on the afcendant, he determined upon adhering to that 
alliance. He repaired therefore to Drefden as loon as he 
underltood that the French had entered that capital. Suf- 
picious as his late conduct had been, it was no time to 
fbow any confcioufnefs of it ; and Napoleon received him 
with the molt complete outward cordiality. Orders were 
inftantly fent to the Saxons fiiut up in Torgau to rejoin 
the French ftandard ; and the mandate was immediately 
obeyed. Bonaparte thus obtained at once a confiderable 
acceffion to his force, and the means of palling the Elbe 
without difficulty, under cover of the fortrefs of Torgau. 
The allies, finding it vain to attempt defending the paf- 
fage of the Elbe, determined upon falling back to a firong 
pofition behind it. They had now to determine as to 
their line of retreat. They fixed it not upon Berlin, to 
cover that capital, but in the remote!!: polfible direction 
from it; through Lufatia, dole to the Bohemian frontier. 
An advantageous pofition was chofen near Bautzen, in 
the intention, fhould that be forced, of falling back upon 
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Silefia. At the fame time, left mere flying corps of the 
enemy fliould penetrate to Berlin, that capital was covered 
by general Bulow, with a corps, partly of regulars, and 
partly of the newly-raifed landwchr and militia. Bona¬ 
parte, arrived at Drefden, was not long before he pulhe'd 
detachments acrofs the Elbe. He lent them in different 
directions, with the view of deceiving the enemy as to the 
real point of attack. While fevered corps ftationed therri- 
felves in front of Bautzen, that of Ney moved upon Ho- 
yerl'wevda ; and Viftcr, Sebaffiani, and Bertrand, marched 
(till farther north in the direction of Berlin. Suddenly, 
however, all thefe corps changed their line of march, and 
moved towards Bautzen as a common centre. This was 
according to his ufual- fyftem, in order to turn his col¬ 
lected force againft that point w here the main ltrength of 
the enemy lay. Accordingly, he fo far fucceede<j[, that 
Bulow, with the corps which covered Berlin, was com¬ 
pletely thrown out, and did not co-operate in the battles 
which immediately followed, and which lafted from the 
19th to the zzd of May. The battle of Bautzen occupied 
two of thefe days, the 20th and 2ill. 
The greater part of the allied army was placed in a very 
advantageous pofition. The left relied on the mountains 
which leparate Lufatia from Bohemia ; the right on fome 
commanding heights near Kreckwitz ; while the centre 
occupied ground favourable to the action of cavalry, in 
which the allies were luperior. But, beyond the left, 
there was an extent of flat and woody country, interfered 
with roads, leading to the territory in the rear of the al¬ 
lies. Here the corps of general Barclay de Tolly manoeu¬ 
vred, not forming properly part of the line, but merely 
guarding againll attempts on the flank and rear of the 
army. Bonaparte made bis firlt demonltration againft the 
left of the allies, polled among the mountains, which were 
favourable to the action of his infantry. The conteft was 
continued for fome time with warmth, but without his be¬ 
ing able to make any impreffion. It loon appeared, how¬ 
ever, that this was merely a feint to cover his main object, 
which was to act againft the right of the pofition. Ge¬ 
neral Barclay de Tolly, who, as juft mentioned, held the 
open ground to the extreme right, was attacked by an 
overwhelming force, and driven in upon the main body. 
Bonaparte thus became matter of the tract which that ge¬ 
neral had occupied, and which was full of paffages lead¬ 
ing to the rear of the allied army ; and he lolt not a mo¬ 
ment in availing himfelf of fo important an advantage. 
Generals Blucher and d'York made a defperate attack 
upon the flank of the French advancing corps; and l'uc- 
ceeded, for fome time, in arrefting its progrefs. But it 
foon appeared that the odds were here immenfe; and, as 
all the other parts of the line werealfo prefled by fuperior 
numbers, there was no poffibility of drawing from them 
any aid. There were thus no means of preventing then- 
left from advancing upon the rear of the allies, and cut¬ 
ting them off from the roads leading to Silefia and thb 
Bober. It was determined therefore to retreat upon Hach- 
kirch ; a movement which was effefted without lofs or 
any attempt at moleftation. 
The battle of Bautzen was one of the moft defperate 
and fanguinary, even of that dreadful fuccelflon which 
Europe has witneffed. The French (fated their lofs at 11 
or 12,000 men ; a greater number than they had admitted, 
even at Borodino. Bonaparte fays, “lie could take no 
colours, becaufe the allies always carry them oft' the field 
of battle! and he only" took nineteen cannon, becaufe he 
wifhed to fpare his cavalry.” Thefe reafons, fo curious, 
and at the kune time fo unufual in a French account of a 
battle, evidently fliow that the victory in itfelf was of lit¬ 
tle value. It is remarkable alfo, that he does not eftima'te 
the lofs of the allies, or (late his having taken any pri- 
foners, except wounded. The number of the wounded of 
the allied force is faid in a vague manner to be about 
18,000 men, of whom 10,000 were pril'oners. The reft, 
he admits, had been carried oft' by the allied army in car¬ 
riages. It is clear, therefore, that he was unable to pur- 
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