382 LON 
wantonly deftroying others, might have been put in ef¬ 
fect ; but to vifit the he)plefs of all ages, hexes, and con¬ 
ditions, with frelh wretehednefs and blood (lied, after all 
they havehnfhered from the revolution, and front the faults 
of their defpotic matters, legitimate and illegitimate, was 
a work of barbarous fiipeferogation, from which, we fee, 
even foldiers fitrunk in the hour of victory, and of which, 
let us hope, the advifers in this country are now well 
afhamed. The example will not he loft on future occa¬ 
sions. Hiltory will remember the juft princes, who knew 
how to he pa rate a bad matter, though he had bitterly of¬ 
fended them, from the people who had had the misfortune 
to be under a fucceflion of bad matters; and the new au¬ 
thorities in Paris, when addreffing the two fovereigns, 
may tell them, in the words of the poet of chivalry, that 
they have conferred a favour, not only on the Parifians, 
but on every city and country in the civilized world : 
Dice, falvando voi quefta cittade, 
V’ obligate non folo i Parigini, 
Ma d’ogni intorno tutte le contrade. 
The fubfequent conduct of thefe monarchs has admirably 
kept pace with the outlet; and it will be recorded as not 
among the leaft fingular events of our extraordinary times, 
that, under the aufpicesof two northern defpots, then pre¬ 
fent with their victorious armies, the authorities of the 
,moft brilliant ftate in tlie fouth of Europe were allowed 
and even encouraged to let up their own form of govern¬ 
ment, and to make it as free and liberal as they chofe. 
Accordingly, the next day, April i, at half after three, 
the fenate met by an extraordinary convocation, under 
the prefidency of Talleyrand, when the latter addrefied 
them in a lpeech in which he defignated the people as 
“ forlaken and, after propofals from feveral members, it 
was decreed that a Provilional Government lhould be 
formed, conlifting of five perfons, with Talleyrand him- 
felf at their head. An addrefs alfo was recommended to 
be made to the people ; and it was to be laid down as 
principles in this addrefs, that the Senate and Legillative 
Body lhould be integral parts of the intended Conftitu- 
lion—that the army, as well as the retired officers and 
foldiers, ttiould retain their ranks, honours, and penilons— 
that the public debt ttiould be inviolable, that thfe fale of 
the national domains ttiould be irrevocably maintained, 
that no Frenchman ttiould be made anfwerable for the 
public opinions which he might have expreffed, and that 
the liberties of worfliip, of confidence, and of the prefs, 
ttiould be proclaimed ; the latter to be fubject to the laws. 
The fitting adjourned for fome hours only, and was re¬ 
turned at nine in the evening, when the fignatures were 
piy: to the proces verbal of the day. They prefent us 
with a number of well-known names, which will raife 
curious emotions and recollections : among them are 
Garat, Gregoire, Roger Ducos, Schimmelpenninck, and 
Volney. 
On the fucceeding day, the 2d of April, another meet¬ 
ing took place at nine in the evening, when the depofi- 
tion of Bonaparte, together with the forfeiture of all 
right to the crown by his family, was announced to the 
members of the Provifional Government in a letter from 
the prefident. The fame day appeared an Addrefs to the 
French Armies, fpeaking with great bitternefs of the ca¬ 
lamities which they had 1'ufFered through the ambition of 
Bonaparte, and calling upon them to join the new order 
of things. The Moniteur was at the fame time declared 
to be the only official journal. 
The next thing we have to notice is an addrefs made 
by the emperor Alexander to the fenate, who waited upon 
him the fame evening, and to whom, in confequence, he 
laid, of the refolutions they had taken that day, lie granted 
the reftoration of all the French prifoners in Ruttia, 
amounting, it is fuppofed, to nearly 200,000 men. This 
is another of tliofe tteps, in which policy and well-tem¬ 
pered feeling equally coincide, and which were greater 
felaws to Napoleon than all the leyere lioltiiities they could 
DON. 
have put in praCtice. The emperor repeated the fentt- 
ments that were put forth by the declaration at Frank¬ 
fort ; faying, that he made war, not upon the French, but 
upon a man who had wantonly aggrelfed him ; and that 
it was “ wife and juft to give France ttrong and liberal 
inftitutions, conformable to the prefent ftate of know- 
ledge.” His majefly is refolved to l'urprife as well as 
plc-afe us every way—both as a Ruffian and as an abfolute 
monarch. He delerves to be the king of a free people. 
The following decree was ifi'ued by the Provifional Go¬ 
vernment on the 2d of April.—-1. That all the emblems, 
ciphers, and arms, which have characterifed the govern¬ 
ment of Bonaparte, fhall be fupprefled and effaced, 
wherever they exift. 2. That this fuppreflion lhr.il be 
executed exclufively by perfons delegated by the autho¬ 
rity of the police, or the municipality, without the zeal 
of individuals afiifting in it, or preventing it. 3. That 
no addrefs, proclamation, public journal, or private 
writing, (ball contain injurious expreffions againft the go¬ 
vernment overthrown, the caufe of the country being 
too noble to adopt fuch means ! 
On the 3d of April, prince Schwartzenberg wrote a let¬ 
ter to tnarfbal Marnionr, duke of Ragufa, inviting him to 
accede to the decree by w hich Napoleon Bonaparte is de¬ 
clared to have forfeited the throne, and to pal's with his 
troops under the new government. M. Marmont, in his 
reply to the prince, expreffes his vvillingnefs to contribute 
to the intereils of France, which have ever been his firft 
witti, but requires as a guarantee—“That all troops quit¬ 
ting the ftandard of Napoleon Bonaparte (hail have leave 
to pafs freely into Normandy ; and that, if the events of 
the war fhall place Bonaparte a prifoner in the hands of 
the allies, the prince fhail guarantee his life and fafety, 
and that he fhall be fent to a country cholen by the allied 
powers and the French government.”—In reply to this 
letter, prince Schwartzenberg accedes to the demand of 
a guarantee, promifes fife and fafety to Napoleon Bona¬ 
parte, and compliments the marfhal upon the generofity 
of his character. Marfhal Marmont then patted with his 
corps of 12,000 men within the lines of the allies.—Thus 
did this general, by his prudent and noble conduct, mainly 
contribute, not only to the prefervation of Paris, but to 
the fafety of Napoleon himfelf. 
The Provifional Government loft no time in completing 
its work. On the 6th of April, the Confervative Senate, 
deliberating upon the Plan of Conftitut-ion prefented to 
it by the Provifional Government in execution of the 
A(ft of the Senate of the ift, after having heard the Re- 
port of a Special Commillion of Seven Members, decreed 
the following Charter ef Constitution ; which, whe¬ 
ther it fhall hereafter become, as intended, the fundamen¬ 
tal law of France, or not, we think very worthy to re¬ 
main on record, and fhall therefore prefent it to our 
readers. 
Article 1. The French government is monarchical, and 
hereditary from male to male, in order of primogeniture. 
2. The French people cal! f reely to the throne of France, 
Louis Staniflaus Xavier de France, brother of the laffc 
king,-and after him the other members of the houfe of 
Bourbon, in the ufual order. 
3. The ancient nobility refume their titles; the new 
preferve their’s hereditarily. The legion of honour is 
maintained with its prerogatives ; the king fhall fix the 
decoration. 
4. The executive power belongs to the king. 
5. The king, the fenate, and the legillative body, con¬ 
cur in the making of laws. Plans of laws may be equally 
propofed in the fenate and in the legillative body ; thole 
relating to contributions can only be propofed in the legif- 
lative body. The king can invite equally the twm bodies 
to occupy thenifelves upon objects which he deems pro¬ 
per. The fanftion of the king is neceffary for the com¬ 
pletion of a law. 
6. There are 150 fenators at leaft, and 200 at mol 
Their dignity is immoveable, and hereditary irom male 
s ta 
