LONDON. 
The noife made by the wheels, as if relufilantly yield¬ 
ing to the impulfe of the foaming waves, in the machines 
called the water-works, has affailed our ears, and claimed 
our attention. It is known that they fupply the greatefl 
part of the city with the wholefome Itream of father 
Thames; and curious, that the invention originated in 
the mind of a foreigner, a Dutchman, named Morrice, w ho 
projected them firft in the year 1582. See p. 83.—It has 
been often remarked, perhaps with fome appearance of 
correflnefs, that generally we improve by our perfeverance 
the works which the livelinefsof foreign imaginations has 
conceived, but which their want of perfeverance has left 
in the firit (fage towards perfection.—Mr. Serocold, in the 
beginning of the lafl century, made a new Itep towards 
improvement; and fmce that time Mr. Hadley has ren¬ 
dered them far fuperior to what they were at firit,—The 
principle of motion is nearly the fame as that at the fa¬ 
mous machine of Marly ; with this difference, that here 
the axle of the great wheel puts three engines in the dou¬ 
ble action of preffing and alpiring, whilft at Marly one 
only is moved by each wheel ; which mult neceflarily 
snake the work more complicated there than it is here. 
Thefe Works arc placed before the firit five arches on the 
north fide of the bridge, and force the water into a refer- 
voir a hundred-and-twenty feet in height. The quantity 
raifed in the courfe of the day exceeds forty-fix thoufand 
Jiogfiieads; and it is conveyed through the different parts 
of the city by means of wooden pipes.—When curiofily 
applies to fee the machine, a fee to the men belonging 
to the works introduces you, and gains you every expla¬ 
nation. 
Taking leave of thefe, we return by Pudding-lane, the 
unfortunate fpot where the great conflagration began,and 
extended to Pye corner, near Smithfield ; which coinci¬ 
dence, as accidental as it is curious, very probably gave 
rife to the idea that the “ fin of gluttony” had been the 
caufe of this dreadful vifitation upon one of the finefl 
cities of the world—but with as little ground of likeli¬ 
hood as that afligned on the monument. See p. 432.— 
a * This lane was called anciently,” fays Stow, “ Clother- 
lane, or Red-Rofe-lane, of fuch a (igne there; it is now 
commonly called Pudding-lane, becaufe, the butchers of 
Eaftcheape having their fcalding-houfe for hogs there, 
their puddings, w ith other filth of beads, are voided downe 
that way in their dung-boats on the Thames.”—What a 
contrail with the old and fragrant name of Red-Rofe-lane ! 
Now all thefe have difappeared, and the fmell of oranges 
in turn perfumes the whole of the neighbourhood. 
Coming up this lane, we find on our right, near the top, 
tlie parifh-church of St. George, Botolph-lane.—It is an an¬ 
cient rectory, Robert de Haliwell having been refifor in the 
year 1321 ; and was originally in the gift of the abbot and 
convent of St. Saviour’s, Bermondfey, at whole dilfolution 
it came to the crown. The old church was burnt down 
in 1666; foon after which the prefent edifice was erected. 
It is a neat fmall building of ftone, lighted with a fingle 
feries of tall windows; the fteeple confilts of a plain tower, 
ornamented with vafes at the four corners. In length it 
is fifty-four feet, in breadth thirty-fix feet, and its height, 
to the roof, is thirty-fix feet; that of the fteeple is eighty- 
four feet. 
After the fire, the parilh of St. Botolph, Billingfgate, 
was added to St. George’s. The church flood in Thames- 
ftreet, oppoflte to Botolph-lane, which was named from 
it. It was alfo a reftory, the advowfon of which was 
anciently in lay hands; but, in 1194, was claimed by 
the dean and chapter of St. Paul’s under a deed of gift 
from one Odgarus, his Tons, and the mother of Dionyfia 
Bocumeter, who, with her hulband, John, alfo claimed 
it. The dean and chapter, however, prevailed, and it 
continued in their gift tilltbe church was annexed to that 
of St. George ; fince which time, the crown and the chap¬ 
ter prefent alternately. The church-yard .is preierved in 
Love-lane. 
At the top of Love-lane, in Little Eallcheap, where we 
Vol. XIII. No. 917. 
4SS 
refume our eafterly deambulation, is a fquare building, 
part of which is fupported by wooden pillars, and forms 
a fort of piazza. It is called the Weigh-houfe; the ori¬ 
ginal intent of which was, to prevent frauds in the weight 
of merchandife brought from beyond fea. It was under 
the government of a mafter and four mafter-porters, with 
labouring porters under them, who ufed to have carts and 
horfes to fetch the merchants’ goods to the beam, and to 
carry them back; but little has been done in this office 
of late years, as a compullive power is wanting to oblige 
merchants to have their goods weighed. 
This houfe was erected on the very ground where the 
church, cemetery, and parfbnage, of St. Andrew Hubbard 
flood before the fire. The parilh has been united to that of 
St. Mary at Hill; which is fo called from its fituation on 
the highefl point of the arched fvveep which riles at Wal- 
brook-vale, now Dowgate-hill. The date of the founda¬ 
tion of this church is equally uncertain w ith that of molt 
of the Churches in this city: the firit circumftances met 
with concerning it, are, that Role de Wrytel founded a 
chantry in the church of St. Mary at Hill in the year 
1330; and that Richard de Hackney prefented Nigellus 
Dalleye to this living in the year 1337. Stow, on the au¬ 
thority of Fabian, who was living at the time, relates 
a Angular occurrence at the rebuilding of this church. 
He fays, “ In the year 1497, in the moneth of April]” 
as labourers digged for the foundation of a wall, within 
the church of St. Marie-hill, neare unto Billingfgate, they 
found a coffin of rotten timber, and therein the corps of 
a woman, whole of Ikinne, and of bones, undifevered, and 
thejoynts of her arms plyable without breaking the fkynne, 
upon whofe fepulchre this was engraven: Here lieth the 
bodies of Richard Hackney, filhmonger, and Alice his 
wife; the which Richard was ffieriffe in the fifteenth of 
Edward II. (1323.) Her bodie was kept above grounde 
three or four dayes without noyfance; but then it waxed 
unfavorie, and fo was againe buried.” Though this church 
was confiderably injured by the fire in 1666, it did not re¬ 
quire rebuilding, and was therefore repaired ; after which 
the parilh of St. Andrew Hubbard, the church of which 
was totally burnt, was united to it. It is a well-pro¬ 
portioned Gothic ftrufhire of flone, confiding of a plain 
body lighted by large windows, with a cupola in the mid¬ 
dle, and a fquare tower, crowned with a handfome turret, 
at the end. The dimeniions are, length ninety-fix feet* 
breadth fixty; altitude, to the ceiling twenty-fix feet, to 
the centre of the cupola thirty-eight, to the top of the tur¬ 
ret ninety-fix feet. It is a redtory the advowfon of which 
appears to have been always in lay hands; and, in 1638, 
was purchafed by the parifhioners, in whom it has ever 
fince remained ; but, fince the parifh of St. Andrew Hub¬ 
bard has been united to it, the duke of Northumberland 
who is patron of that parilh, prefents in turn. Annually’ 
on the Sunday after Midfummer-day, according to ancient 
cuftom, the fraternity of Fellovvffiip-porters, of the city of 
London, repair to this church in the morning, where 
during the reading of the Pfalms, they reverently approach 
the altar, two and two, on the rails of which are placed 
two bafons; and into thefe they put their rel'peftive of¬ 
ferings. They are generally followed by the congregation 5 
and the money offered is diftributed among the ao- e d 
poor, and infirm, members of that fraternity. 
The parifli of St. Andrew Hubbard was a redlory, for¬ 
merly called St. Andrew juxta Eallcheap, and was founded 
before 1389 ; in which year the earl of Pembroke prefented 
Robert Clayton to the reftory, in the room of Walter Pal¬ 
mer, deceafed. On the death of the earl of Pembroke 
without iffue, the patronage devolved to the earls of 
Shrewfbury, in whole family it continued till 1460, when 
John earl of Shrewfbury was killed at the battle of North¬ 
ampton; and it came to Edward IV. After this, it had 
divers patrons, till Algernon earl of Northumberland 
prefented Thomas Parker, who was burnt out in 1666. 
After the fire, the ground on which this church flood!! 
with the church-yard, in Little Eaftcheap, between Bo- 
i S tolph- - 
