LON 
and on each fide of the inhumed bones were depofited two 
ivory fceptres, of the length of eighteen inches each ; and 
upon the bread the figure of a 1 'mall Cupid, curioufly 
wrought, as were likewife two pieces of jet, refembling 
nails, of the length of two inches. The perfon here in¬ 
terred, according to the opinion of that judicious antiqua¬ 
ry, fir Richard Cotton, who made the difcovery, tnuft have 
been the confort of fome prince, or Roman praetor, by 
the decorations of the coffin, and things therein contained. 
At the fame time were likewife difcovered a great number 
of urns, with Roman coins, which, on one iide, had this 
infcription, Imp. Pupienus Maximus, P. F. 
We come now into Wellclofe-fquare, which has fome- 
times been called Marine-fquare, from the number of fea- 
officers who generally refide in it. It is a very neat fquare, 
though of no great extent. The principal ornament in it 
is the Danilh church, ereCted in the year 1746, which is 
fituated in the centre, in the midft of a. church-yard, well 
planted with trees, and furrounded by a handfome wall, 
adorned at equal diftances with iron rails. The church is a 
commodious and elegant ftru&ure; and, though the archi¬ 
tect appears to have underftood ornaments, he has not been 
too laviffi in the ufe of them. The edifice confiits of a 
tall and handfome body, with a tower and turret. The 
body is divided, by the projection of the middle part, into 
a fore-front in the centre, and two fmall fronts. Over 
the principal entrance is a group of figures, reprefenting 
Charity, and, on each fide, in niches, are figures of Faith 
and Hope. At the weft end is the tower, and at the eaft 
it fwells into the fweep of a circle. The corners of the 
building are faced with ruftic; the windows, which are 
large and well-proportioned, are cafed with (tone, with a 
cherub’s head at the top of the arch ; and the roof is con¬ 
cealed by a blocking courfe. The tower has a confider- 
able diminution in the upper ftage, which has on each fide 
a pediment, and is covered by a dome, from which rifes 
an elegant turret, fupported by Compoiite columns. 
On a line with this fquare, but farther to the eaft, is 
another, called Prince’s Square; which is neat, and alfo 
chiefly inhabited by the families of gentlemen belonging 
to the fea. The principal ornament of this fquare, is the 
church and church-yard belonging to the Swedes. The 
front of this building is carried up flat, with niches and 
ornaments; and on the fummitisa pediment. The body 
is divided into a central part, projecting forwarder than 
the reft, and two fides. The central, part has two tall 
windows, terminated by a pediment, in the midft of which 
is an oval window ; but in the fides there is Only a com¬ 
partment below, with a circular window above. The 
corners of the building are wrought in a bold plain ruftic. 
The tower rifes fquare from the roof, and at the corners are 
placed urns with flames; from thence rifes a turret, in the 
lantern form, with flaming urns at the corners; the turret 
is covered with a dome, crowned with a ball, fupporting 
the vane, in the form of a rampant lion. 
On the weft of thefe fquares is Eaft Smithfield, which 
in the reign of Henry III. was an open field, and where 
for fifteen days, from Whitfun-eve to the firft Sunday af¬ 
ter Trinity, an annual fair was held in virtue of a royal 
grant. It is now covered with lanes, alleys, and courts. 
Stow has preferved a very curious record concerning this 
place, proving that it was from time immemorial within 
the liberty of the city of London ; and that in this field 
tilts and tournaments where held with great folemnity in 
the reign of Canute the Dane. 
Between Eaft Smithfield and Tower-hill once ftood a reli¬ 
gious foundation, called by the feveral names of the New 
Abbey, the Abbey of Graces, and Eaftminfter. This 
houfe was founded by king Edward III. but was fup- 
preffed at the general diffolution of religious places in the 
reign of king Henry VIII. and on the lite of it was erect¬ 
ed tire Victualling-office ; but the commiffioners having 
lately removed to Somerfet-place, this building has now 
made room for the New Mint. See p. 443. 
If we happen to pafs the end of this iireet, which is 
VOL. XIII. No. 91S, 
DON. 44# 
called Rofemd.ry-la.iie , but move commonly Rag Fair, a name 
which feems to have entirely fuperfeded in fmell as well 
as in denomination the fvveet plant by which it was an¬ 
ciently called, we (hall have occafion to infpefft one of the 
moft curious fcenes—ragged Jews felling rags. The arti¬ 
cles of commerce by no means belie the name. There is 
no expreffingthe poverty of the goods (fays Mr. Pennant), 
nor yet their cheapnefs : “ A diftinguiflied merchant, en¬ 
gaged with a purchafer, obferving me to look on him with, 
great attention, called out to me, as his cuftomer was go- 
ing off with his bargain, to obferve that man ; For, lays 
he, / have actually clothed him for fourteen pence." It certainly 
requires a very eonfiderable fhare of fpeculative calcula¬ 
tion to apprehend how this merchant could have a profit, 
as well as the ftreet-walking Ifraelite who bought thele 
articles from a fervant,. who perhaps had alfo a profit in 
the bufinefs.—A large building on the north fide of this 
Itreet, opening at both ends, with two counters, is called 
the Clothes Exchange. 
In Well-ftreet, near the eaft end of Rofemarydane, is 
the Royalty Theatre, built by fubfcription in the year 
1786, with a view to the reprefentation of plays; but, the 
proprietors not having had the precaution to fecure a le¬ 
gal power for that purpofe, the fcheme failed, and only 
one performance of that defcription was given. Affair 
this, the theatre wasclofed fora fliort time, and re-oper.ed 
with a licenfe, obtained under the ait of parliament foe 
authorizing theinagiftrat.es to grant permiflion for the ex¬ 
hibition of interludes, pantomimes, and other fpecies of 
irregular drama. Since that time, it has been in the occu¬ 
pation of various adventurers, but with very indifferent 
fuccefs, until lately, that Mr. Aftley, jun. has opened it, 
in the winter feafon, upon a plan fimilar to his fumrner 
theatre. It is an extenfive brick building, without arty- 
external decoration : the interior is, however, very com- 
modioufly and neatly fitted up. 
On the north are Goodman’s Fields. Stow, in Iris fim- 
ple manner, tells, that in his time one Trclop, and af¬ 
terward Goodman, were the farmers there; and that the 
“ fields were a farme belonging to the laid nunrie ; at the 
which farme I myfelfe (fays lie), in my youth, have 
fetched manye a halfe-penny-worth of milk ; and never 
had leffe than three ale pints for a halfe-penny in the 
fumrner, nor leffe than one ale quart for a halfe-penny in 
the winter, alvvaies hot from the kine.”—The theatre in 
Goodman’s Fields will always be remembered as the ftage 
where Garrick firft (howed thofe powers, which, for fuck 
a number of years, aftoniflied and charmed the public. 
One Odel founded the playhoufe in this fquare, in 1728. 
As fir John Hawkins expreffes it, “a halo of brothels’” 
foon incircled that, as it does all theatres; and drove 
away the indultrious inhabitants. This theatre was re¬ 
built, in an expenfive manner, by Henry Giffard, in 1737; 
but was fupprefled by the aft for the licenfing of places 
of dramatical entertainment. Yet it was fupported a few 
years by an evafion ; during which time, Mr. Garrick en¬ 
tered himfelf of the company. See the article Garrick, 
vol. viii. p. 259. 
In our fecond vifit to the Ifle of Dogs, coming back 
through Poplar, a marfh anciently fo called from a con- 
fiderable grove of trees of that name over (hadow- 
ing the whole place, we pafs through Limehouse, (fee 
vol. xii. p. 722.) and, winding along Salmon-lane, we 
come to the eonfiderable hamlet of Stepney. The church 
is dedicated to St. Dunftan. It was originally or.e of the 
largeft parifhes in England, as will be evident from the 
following parifhes having been all taken out of it, viz. St. 
Mary, Whitechapel; St. Mary-le-Bow, Stratford ; Chrilt- 
church, Spitalfields; St. Matthew, Bethnal-green ; St. 
Anne, Limehoufe; St. George, Ratcliff-highway; and St. 
John, Wapping. Though all thefe pariflies have been fe- 
parated from if, it (till remains one of the largeft within 
the bills of mortality ; and contains the hamlets of Mile- 
End Old and New Town, Ratcliff, and Poplar. 
It is not recorded at what period the prefent church was 
5 Y erefled y 
