LON 
S’oufe ; and the famous Gondamor retired here, when dif- 
ahgaged from his bubble, James I. 
We now proceed to the very (pot where the old gate, 
the eaftem entrance to the city, called Aldgate , originally 
flood 5 (feep. 105 of this volume, and Piate III.) At the 
junction of Leaden-hall-ftreet and Fenchurch-ftreet, (lands 
a (lone pump, the water of which is reckoned mod falu- 
brious ; and behind is a remarkable fruit-drop, one of 
the bed in the eadern part of the town ; it is generally 
well-docked with pine-apples, grapes, and other dainties, 
which our good citizens love to indulge in, though at no 
fraall cod. 
On our left in Leadenhall-dreet, we find the fpot where 
a hardware-man, priding himfelf in his love for doverili- 
nefs, was known by the name of Dirty Dick ; yet, ftrange 
to tell ! people were found, and in no frnall quantity, 
who would not grude a compliment of a few (hillings, by 
buying fome article they did not want, in order to be ad¬ 
mitted into his filthy fanctuary, the abode of fpiders and 
cobwebs, crickets, cockroaches, mice and rats, and the 
peaceful empire of undilhirbed dud. To dud Dirty Dick 
is gone; yet we are told, that, for feveral years after 
death had brujhed him oft, the tenants of the houfe kept a 
part of thefe dirty premifes dill uncleaned, and ufed to 
{how it for money : at any rate, we know tliat the upper 
rows of panes i- the (hop-windows were kept dirty and 
unmended to at tract cudomers, till very lately.- When 
foreigners read this palfage of our furvey, they mud draw 
this conclufion—that the Englifh. are fi> naturally, fond of 
eleanlinefs, that any thing particularly dirty appears to 
them a phenomenon. 
Beneath a houfe, at the fouth-eaft corner of this ftreet, 
are the remains of the parochial chapel of St. Michael, 
which will ferve to (how to what a prodigious height this 
part of the city has been raifed ; for the (hafts of the pil¬ 
lars are buried at lead fixteen feet in the ground, which, 
with ten feet for the prefent internal altitude, warrants 
the conclufion, that the ilreet-pavement is, at this time, 
twenty-fix feet higher than the level mud have been when 
the chapel was founded. The two aides remain, the pil¬ 
lars and arches of which are in fine prefervation, and the 
keys of the arches are fculptured with welt-executed 
mafks ; the walls are of fquare pieces of chalk, in the 
manner of Rocheder caftle, and exhibit as (kilful mafonry 
as any building in this age of refinement. The length of 
the chapel, from north to fouth, contrary to the common 
mode of building facred edifices, is forty-eight feet 5 and, 
from ead to welt, its breadth is fixteen feet. 
Stow records another proof of the increafed height of 
this neighbourhood. He lays, “ Betwixt this, Belzeter’s 
(Billiter) lane, and Lime-ltreet, was (of later time) a 
frame of three fair houles, fet up in the year 1590, in 
place where before was a large garden-plot, inclofed, from 
the high-ftreet, with a brick-wall; which wall being taken 
down, and the ground digged deep for cellarage, there 
was found, right-under the laid brick-wall, another wall 
of done, with a gate, arched of done, and gates of tim¬ 
ber, to be doled in the midft, towards the dreet. The 
timber of the gates was confumed ; but the hinges of 
yron dill remained on their (taples, on both the (ides. 
Moreover, in that wall were fquare windows, with bars of 
yron, on either fide the gate; this wall was underground, 
about two fathoms deepe, as I then edeemed it; and 
feemeth to bee the ruins of fome houfe burned in the 
raigne of king Stephen, when the fire began in the houfe 
of one Alewarde, near London-done, and confumed ead 
to Aldgate; whereby it appeared) how greatly the ground 
of this citie hath been in that place rayied,” 
On the right, and jt the louth-ead corner of St. Mary 
Axe, (lands the pariih-churchpf St. Andrew the Apodle, 
better known by the name of St. Andrew Underfhaft. 
It obtained the latter appellation from a high May-pole, 
or (haft, which was fet up, annually, on May-day,, in 
the middle ot the dreet, oppolite the fouth door of the 
church, and was higher than the church-fteeple, After 
DON. 431 
the infurreclion of the apprentices, on Evil May-day, in 
the year 1517, (feep. 73.) the (haft was hung upon a 
range of hooks, under the pent-houfes of a long row of 
neighbouring buildings, where it remained until the third 
of Edward VI. when a fanatic, called fir Stephen, curate 
of St. Catharine Creechurch, preaching at St. Paul’s Crofs,. 
declaimed againd it, as being made an idol, by naming, 
the-church under that Jhaft ; which fo inflamed his equally- 
fanatjc auditory, that, in the afternoon of the fame day, 
it was, with great labour, lowered from the hooks, and 
fawed in pieces; each man taking for his (hare the por¬ 
tion which had lain over his door. 
The church was originally founded in 1362 ; but it had 
become fo ruinous, that the prefent one was begun to be 
built about the year 1502, and for the moll part finilhed 
at the charge of William Fitz- Williams, who was IherifF 
in 1507 ; the north fide, however, was ereflcd by Stephen- 
Jenyns, lord-mayor in 1508 ; whofe arms are carved above 
all the pillars on that fide. It was not completed until 
1532. This church efcaped the flames in 1666. It is a 
plain Gothic (trufture, with a fquare tower, terminated 
by battlements, with pinnacles at the corners ; within 
which riles a turret, that contains fix bells. The length 
of the church is ninety-fix feet; its breadth fifty-four, 
and its height, to the roof, forty-two ; the altitude of the 
fquare tower is (eventy-four feet, and that of the turret; 
feventeen. It is a reCtory, in the patronage of the bifliop 
of London. The window over the altar contains the por¬ 
traits of Edward VI. Elizabeth, James I. and Charles I, 
and II. and is a fine fpecimen of the art of painting on 
glafs in the feventeenth century. 
In this church was interred the faithful and able hifto- 
riographer of the city, to whom in this article we have 
been fo much indebted—John Stow. He died on the 5th 
of April, 1605, and, to the (name of his time, in great 
poverty. His monument is ltill in being : he is repre- 
lented fitting with a table before him, on which is an 
open book, with many others lying befide him. The 
figure has a reverend afpect, with a (hort white beard, the 
crown of the head bald, and (hort hair above the ears ; 
it is of terra-cotta, or burnt earth, painted ; a common 
practice in thofe days, though now confidered a new in¬ 
vention. 
The dreet, at the corner of which this church flands, 
took its name from another which Hood very near, on the 
north fide alfo of the dreet, and was dedicated to the 
Virgin Mary, with the addition of “at the Axe,” for dif- 
tinClion, and from a fign which hung oppolite the ead 
end of it. In 1565, this parilh was united to that of 
St. Andrew ; the church transformed into a warehoufe, 
and at lad entirely pulled down. 
On our left riles in pompous mnjefty the portico of the 
Ead-India Houfe. The whole of tire building has an ap¬ 
pearance fuited to the purpofe, and befitting the dignity 
of the rulers and proprietors of a large portion of Hin- 
dcodan. It was greatly enlarged and newly fronted in 
the year 1799. It occupies the lite of the houfe and 
gardens formerly belonging to the earls of Craven, of 
whom the company rented it prior to 1726, when the 
old Ead-India-houfe was built. The principal en¬ 
trance, from Leadenhall-dreet, is through a portico, 
confiding of fix fiuted columns of the Ionic order, 
fupporting a frieze decorated with antique ornaments, 
furmounted by a pediment, in the tympanum of which is 
an elegant group of emblematical figures. The principal 
figure in this group, reprefents his majefty, leaning on 
Ins (word, which is in his left hand, and extending the 
Ihield of protection, with his right arm, over Britannia, 
who is embracing Liberty. On one fide Mercury, at¬ 
tended by Navigation, and followed by tritons and fea- 
horfes, emblematical of Commerce, introduces Alia to 
Britannia, at whofe feet (lie pours out her rich produc¬ 
tions. On the other fide is Order, accompanied by Reli¬ 
gion and Judice. Behind thefe appears the city-barge, 
and other emblems of London, near which are Integrity 
au 4 . 
