4o6 LON 
cbitefhire. It had a maflive tower at its weftern end ; 
and, as appeared from its plan, which had not been mate¬ 
rially altered until it was taken down in the year 1726, 
an altar-window at its eaftern.—The patron of this, and 
feveral other churches in the metropolis whole appella¬ 
tions are fimilar, was St. Botolph, alfo defignated the Bri¬ 
ton. He was born in Cornwall; and, as tradition ftates, 
became very famous for working miracles about the time 
of Lucius in this ifland, the firll Chriflian king. Zealous 
in the propagation of the GofpCl, he it is laid travelled 
•with fome miffionaries into Lincolnlhire, where he made 
many converts, and founded a monalfery at Icanhoe in 
the Holland-divilion of that cqunty, and within the boun¬ 
daries of BoPron. In this monalfery he refided until his 
death, and was buried in the church of his eftablifhment. 
The fame of St. Botolph was fo great, and the miracles 
that were performed even by his tomb or relics fo nu¬ 
merous, that the town of Bollon, which probably in- 
crealed around his church, was for centuries after his 
death called Bololph's Town. 
The prefent church was finilhed in 1729. It is mally 
and fpacious; and has a good effeCt from the ifreet. The 
body is built with briik, and well lighted; and the roof 
hid by ahandfome balti(trade. The lleeple, though heavy, 
maintains an air of magnificence. In the centre of the 
front is a large plain arched window, decorated at a dif- 
tance with pilalters of the Doric order: over this window 
is a feftoon, and above that an angular pediment; on each 
fide is a door, crowned with windows, and over thefe are 
others of the port-hole kind ; above which rifes a fquare 
tower, crowned with a dome, whofe bafe is circular, and 
furrounded by a baluftrade in the fame form; by the fide 
of which, on the corners of the tower, are placed urns with 
flames. From this part rifes a feriesof coupled Corinthian 
pillars, fupporting other urns like the former, and over 
them riles the orgive dome, crowned with a very large 
vafe, w ith flames. The roof within fide is arched, except 
over the galleries; and two rows of Corinthian columns 
fupport both the galleries and arch, which extends over the 
body of the church, and is neatly adorned with fret-work. 
Soon after the reftoration, Itatues of the unfortunate 
Charles I. began to crowd the exterior of the public build- 
dings of the metropolis ; w hile pi&ures lymbolizing his 
perlon, his virtues, and his (offerings, adorned their inte¬ 
rior. Amcng thefe, the allegorical reprefentation in the 
church of St. Botolph, which (till remains, is in its dif- 
play of graphic exceil nee perhaps one of the moll: impor¬ 
tant. This curious piece adorns the wall of the (lairs 
that lead to the north gallery of the edifice; and, although 
(which is lingular) there is no trace iri the minutes of the 
veilry, or the regillers of the parifh, which can lead to a 
difeovery how it came there, yet it was particularly de- 
feribed in The New View of London, 1703 ; and feems, 
except in one inftance, to have been paffed by unregarded 
ever fince; yet it merits attention, if we conlider the low 
Hate of the chromatic art, in England, at the period of the 
reftoration. We are indebted to a late number of the Eu¬ 
ropean Magazine for reminding us of its exiftence, and for 
the following general defeription of it. The principal 
objefl is the portrait of the king ; of courfe, the llrongeft 
light beams on him ; the other lights, which are many, and 
which would, were they not, as the painters fay, (tumbled 
dowr, be termed catching, are fo managed as to harmo¬ 
nize with the general effetf of the picture: The coun¬ 
tenance of his majtfty is compofed ; he appears “ More in 
forrow than in anger.” He is kneeling before an altar 
covered with crimfon, and embroidered. On it is an open 
■volume infcribed, In verbd tuo fpts mea ; “ My hope is in 
thy word.” The mantle of this royal figure is of blue 
velvet. His right hand is fpread on his breaft: in his 
left he holds a crown. On an entwined label is written 
Afptrani at Uvan. Below the culhion on which he kneels 
lies the crown of England : behind which, on a label, are 
thefe words; Spknciidam at gravcm.j from his right foot 
4 . 
DON. 
proceeds another infcribed Mundi ealco. The back ground 
of this picture on the right hand is illumined with d 
brilliant ray, which, dreaming towards the monarch, dis¬ 
plays his countenance, and, in its courfe, the pedeitals of 
two broken columns; while in this aerial fpace, whence it 
emanates, is a celeftial crown, infcribed Bcatam coronam . 
On two other rays, darting in the fame direction, are in¬ 
fcribed Ccdum fp'edlo arid Clarior e tenebris. In the diltance- 
on the left fide the king is again reprefented, feated on the 
deck of a (hip of war, apparently of the largeft fize: this 
veffel, abandoned by its crew, feems to be left to the mercy 
of the w inds and the waves, and the unhappy monarch to 
“Bide the pelting of the pitilefs Itorm.” This allegory 
is a correCt allufion to the (hip-money., which, although 
in the Dutch war it enabled our navy to triumph in the 
Narrow Seas, was looked upon as a molt odious meafure. 
On the clouds are labelled Immota triumphans, and A 'cj'citr 
naufragium virtus. At the bottom, on the left, is infcribed,. 
Carolus /. fir ui; r,v oc£io; 0 xocr/xoc; “Of whom the world was 
not worthy.” Heb. xi. 38 On the right, Ecce JpeElacvlum 
dignum ad quod refpiciat, Deus operi fuo intent us, vir fortis cum 
mala fortund compcfilus. Sen. de Provid.-—This picture is 
in a great degree lelf-explanatory ; it was, like many others*, 
a commemoratory tribute,, and pointed to. circumllances 
too recent to be mifunderltood; it railed the charac¬ 
ter of the royal fufferer, and loothed the. minds of his 
friends in their devotional hours; for in the ancient church 
it was placed in a molt tonfpicuous lituation, namely, at: 
the altar. When the church was taken down in the year 
1726, the picture was carefully preferved, and in the new 
edifice was put where we now fee it. 
On the fouth fide of the church is a fitnall cemetery,, 
and a pnlfage leading to Moorlitlds. At a final] diftance 
from tile north fide is a very narrow place called Alder*- 
man’s Walk; nearly adjoining to which are a Ilreet and 
leveral courts, known by the general name of Old Beth.- 
lem. On this fpot formerly, ltood a priory, founded in¬ 
die year 124.6, by Simon.Fitzmary, ftiei iff of London, for 
the fupport ot a community of brothers and filters, and 
dedicated to St Mary of Bethlehem.. 
O11 the fame fide of the Ilreet, and on the fouth of th'e 
church, are feveral confiderable inns for ltages and wag¬ 
gons—the Bull, the Green Dragon, the Four Swans, Sec. 
— Of thefe, the Green Dragon, which feems to be a houfe 
of great and extenfive bulinels, Hill retains many veitige3 
of its antiquity ; but the molt correct idea of the interior 
of an ancient inn, will accrue from a contemplation of th'e 
yard and galleries of the Four Swans; an inn the traffic of 
which appears to be very confiderable, and which is in its 
conltruCtion, like other buildings of the lame nature and 
date, in a ftnall degree theatrical, and confequently of the 
form that at certain periods, efpecially before aCtors fixed 
themfelves in tennis-courts, was deemed the molt con¬ 
venient for the exhibition of dramatic pieces. 
Proceeding northwards on the fame fide as the church, 
our attention will be arrelted by an old houfe with a bow- 
window in the firft door, and bearing evidently the cha¬ 
racter of the architectural llyle belonging to the reigns of; 
Henry VIII. Edward VI. Mary, and Elizabeth. It is fup- 
poled to have been originally the houfe of fir Paul Pindar 5, 
and the publican who occupies it had for a long time the 
head of the worthy citizen for his fign, but now the name 
only remains. See p. 402. 
Nearly oppofite to the church is Devonfiiire-fquare, on. 
the fpot where formerly was a magnificent itruCture erect¬ 
ed by Jafper Filher, one of the fix clerks in chancery, 
whole fortune not being anfwerable to his houfe, it was 
called in derifion, Filher’S Folly. It afterwards belonged 
to the earls of Oxford,.and laltly to the duchefs of De.- 
vonlhire; whofe name is Hill preferved in that of the Ilreet 
and fquare built on the fpot. Taffel Clofe is at a frnall 
diftance ; this place was let to the crofs-bow-makers, who 
ufed to praCtife a game called fhooting at the popinjay — 
which was nothing but the likenefs of a bird, made very, 
coarfely 
