LONDON. 
4S7 
the collegiate Church of St. Martin’s le Grand to the con¬ 
vent of St. Peter, Weftminfter, this church alfo became 
fubjeft to that abbey ; but at the fuppreflion of monafte- 
ries was granted, by Henry VIII. to his new bilhop of 
Welt min Iter. That bilhopric, however, being diffolved 
on the accelfion of queen Mary, and the abbot and monks 
reftored to their convent, this church reverted to its old 
matters; and when the monks were finally expelled, and 
the convent converted into a collegiate church, by autho¬ 
rity of parliament, in the reign of queen Elizabeth, the 
granted the curacy to the dean and chapter, who Itill re¬ 
tain it; it is, however, fubjeT to the hilltop and arch¬ 
deacon of London, to whom it pays procuration. The 
antiquity of this church may be collected from the parilh- 
records; from which it appears, that a houfe, anciently 
given to the parifliioners, was, in the year 1319, demifed 
by them, upon leafe, to Richard Rothing. Itefcaped the 
fire of London in 1666 ; but became fo ruinous, that it 
lias been fince rebuilt. It is a plain brick edifice, with a 
■wooden tower crowned with an open turret. There is 
one large arched window, at the eaft end ; but the light 
is principally derived from Iky-lights in the roof. 
On the fame fide of the ftreet, a little farther to the 
Worth, flood a palace, that was the refidence of the mar¬ 
quis of Dorcheller, and afterwards that of lord Petre, of 
whom it was pu: chafed, after the reftoration, for the city- 
manfion of the bilhop of London; from which time it 
was known by the name of London Houfe. It was a large 
commodious brick building, and had a neat chapel be¬ 
longing to it; but, being at length deferted by the pre¬ 
lates, it was let out into feveral tenements and warehoufes. 
This ancient edifice was deftroyed by fire, fince which 
new buildings have been erefted in its ftead ; the princi¬ 
pal of which is that occupied by Mr. Seddon, and Itill 
called London Houfe. 
A little to the 1'outh of London Houfe, formerly flood 
the fine manfion of the earls of Weftmoreland ; but this, 
being alfo deferted by its noble polfeflbrs, was let out in 
tenements, and to mechanical ufes, and at length became 
fo decayed, that, about forty years ago, it was entirely 
taken down; the fite is now occupied by Weftmoreland- 
buildings, and the adjacent houfes. To the north of Lon¬ 
don Houfe is the old building, formerly the Half moon 
Tavern, celebrated as the place of refort of the molt noted 
wits of the fixteenth century. It is at prelent let in fe- 
parate tenements ; but the old front, ornamented with 
foliage and grotelque figures, has fuffered very little al¬ 
teration. 
On the eaft fide of the ftreet, nearly oppofite to thefe 
buildings, is Shaftefbury houfe, or, as it is fometimes call¬ 
ed, Thanet-houfe. This edifice, which is by the mafterly 
hand of Inigo Jones, is built with brick, and orna¬ 
mented with (lone in a very elegant tafte. The front is 
adorned with Ionic pilafters, from the volutes of which 
hang garlands of foliage. Thefe pilafters are doubled on 
each fide of the centre window, over which is an arched 
pediment, opened for the reception of a (hield. The door 
is arched, and from each fide of it fprings an elegant 
fcroll, for the fupport of a balcony. This ftrufture had 
been let out for mechanical ufes, and was going fall to 
decay, when, in the year 1750, the London Lying-in Hof- 
pital was inftituted: the promoters of that charity, hav¬ 
ing hired this houfe, repaired it thoroughly, and preferved 
it, for a time, from the fate of its pppolite neighbours. 
The increafe of that inflitution having rendered a larger 
building neceflary, they quitted Shaftelbury-houfe in 
1771, and were fucceeded by the General Difpenfary, 
which Itill occupies the back part of it. The front is di¬ 
vided into tenements, and let to refpeftable fhopkeepers. 
Falcon-fquare at the eaft fide, and the famous inn called 
the Caftle and Falcon, are the only remarkable objects at 
this point; but, if the perambulator, when at the corner 
of Angel-ftreet, will turn round, he will have, through 
the narrow entrance of St. Martin’s le Grand, and above 
the houfes of Newgate-ftreet, a curious and molt intereft- 
ing view of the dome of St. Paul’s, that feems as if fifing 
in majefty above his head. The circumflance of the body 
of the church being fcreened by a valt mafs of edifices 
from the eye of the fpecfator, allows the imagination, at 
the fight of the noble cupola, to fancy a ftill greater mo¬ 
nument of architecture than the cathedral even is in 
reality. 
On the north fide of St. Anne’s-lane is the parilh-church 
of that name, on account of its having been dedicated to 
the mother of the virgin Mary—and the circumflance of 
its being diftinguifhed from others of the fame dedication 
by the addition of “in the willows,” is an indubitable 
proof that its origin is anterior to this part of the city be¬ 
ing regularly built, and when it ftill retained, in its bofom 
and among the houfes, rope-walks and willows, their ufual 
ornaments. In the time of Stow the willows were gone, 
but feveral tall alh-trees were growing in the church-yard. 
—The old church contained feveral curious epitaphs, 
mod of which Stow has preferved in his Survey, and which, 
by their conceits, (how the Hyle of ancient times. On a 
table of ftone, in the north aide of the chancel, was the fol¬ 
lowing curious diftich: 
Qu • tris ■ di c _ vul ' ftra .. 
H os f an S ulS Chris u mi ro t um mu nere la Vlt ’ 
reading thus: 
Quos anguis trifti diro cum vulnere ftravit, 
Hos fanguis Chrifti miro turn munere lavit. 
In Englilh, “Thofe, whom Satan felled w ith a cruel wound, 
the blood of Chrift, by an admirable gift, has healed.”— 
This curious l'ort of infcription was often feen about an¬ 
cient churches; and there is one near the cathedral of 
Winchefter which runs thus: 
11 ch 
S acr a 
b erv a 
it 1 
ft 
oro. 
united it makes: 
Sacra fit ilia choro 5 
Serva fit ifta foro. 
Meaning that one way leads to church, the other to market. 
The foundation of this church (St. Anne in the Wil¬ 
lows) cannot be traced; but it appears to be of fome an¬ 
tiquity, by John de Chimerby being collated thereto on 
the 5th of July, 132s. It is a reCtory, the patronage of 
which was in the dean and canons of St, Martin’s le Grand, 
until that church, with its appurtenances, was annexed to 
the abbey of Weftminfter; by virtue of which, the abbot 
and convent, and after them the bilhop of Weftminfter, 
became the patrons; but on the fupprelfion of the bi- 
Ihopric of Weftminfter, queen Mary granted the advow- 
fon to the bilhop of London, and his fucceflors; in whofn 
it ftill remains. The old church (hared the common fate 
in the great fire of 1666 ; foon after which, the prefent 
one was ereCted in its ftead, and the parilh of St. John 
Zachary united to it. It is a very plain edifice, lighted 
by a few large windows, cafed with ruftic. The tower is 
fquare, conlilting of two ftages above the roof, and crowned 
with a wooden turret. The body of the church is fifty- 
three feet fquare; the altitude of the roof, which is fup- 
ported by four handfome Corinthian pillars, is thirty-five 
feet, and that of the tower and turret eighty-four feet. 
The parifh of St. John Zachary, is alfo a reCtory, the 
church of which flood at the north-weft corner of Maiden- 
lane. The patronage of this church appears to have 
continued in the dean and chapter of St. Paul’s, from its 
foundation ; for it was rated to pay an annual fum to the 
canons of St. Paul’s as early as the year 1181, at which 
time it was denominated St. John Baptift. The fite of 
it is now a cemetery for the ule of the parifhioners.. Part 
of the walls of the old church is ftill remaining in the 
church-yard, and foundations of the adjacent buildings. 
Here Alderfgate-ftreet widens confiderably, and aflumes 
a good appearance ; but we are forry to fay that the houfes 
in general do not correfpond, by their fize or elegance, to 
the wide difplay of this great eg refs towards the northern 
counties. The Doric entrance of the Albion, however 
muft be diftinguifhed to the credit of the architect who 
conceived and executed the portico ; it favours molt claf- 
