504 
LON 
prifon for correction. Little can be faid of the former 
department, as it docs not receive Tick patients; as to the 
fchool, it is conduced by fix mailers of different arts, who 
are ek£ted by the governors, viz. a printer, bookbinder, 
ferret, orris, and galloon, weavers, and a filverfmith; to 
whom twenty-eight youths are bound from Chrift’s Hof- 
fpital, as apprentices; and thcfe lads are clothed at the 
charge of Bridewell Hofpital, but maintained by their 
matters, who receive all the profit of their work. They 
were formerly habited in a blue jacket and trowfers, with 
a white hat; but this fingularity has of late years been 
judicioufly abolilhed in favour of the ufual clothing of 
*t’ner people. When they have ferved their apprentice- 
finip of feven years, they receive their freedom, and a gift 
of jol. towards eftablifhing themfelves in bufinefs. The 
wcrk-houfe, and the prifon for vagrants, and idle and dis¬ 
orderly perfons of both fexes, are feparated into folitary 
rooms, where employments are provided, which it is a part 
of their punilhnient to execute, and which are exacted by 
their tafk-mafters, and fometimes accompanied with co¬ 
ercion. The chamberlain of London, to whom the admi- 
r.iftration of jultice between mailer and apprentice is re¬ 
ferred, has the power ef committing the latter to this place 
for improper condu£t, not amounting to fraud. In vifit- 
ingthefe apartments, 1 'aysMr. Highmore, “I found in three 
adjoining rooms three apprentices to an eminent printer, 
who were committed for having joined with the journey¬ 
men in giving their mailer what is called the grand tuajli ; 
or, in other words, having upf’et all the frames, types, pa¬ 
pers, and every apparatus in his printing-office; when I 
law them, they had a log of wood fixed by a chain to their 
leg, with a quantity of oakum to pick, and the addition 
of very little light and profound filence, for the occafion 
of rumination and repentance.” 
Great improvements have been made upon this eflate : 
new houfes have been lately erected in front of the hof¬ 
pital, at an expenfe of about 3500I. which is thereby in- 
clofed, and its grated windows concealed from view, re¬ 
ferring a handfome entrance from Bridge-ftreet; over 
which is the treafurer’s houfe. The affairs of this hof¬ 
pital are managed by the governors, who are above three 
hundred, befides the lord-mayor and court of aldermen, 
all of whom are likewife governors of Bethlehem Hofpital; 
for, thefe hofpitals being one corporation, they have the 
fame prefident, governors, clerk, phyfician, burgeon, and 
apothecary. This hofpital, however, has its own iteward, 
porter, matron, and four beadles, one of whom has the 
bufinefs of correcting the criminals. But, notwithfrand- 
ing the union of Bridewell and Bethlehem hofpitals as 
above-mentioned, yet it is-to be obferved that diltinft ac- 
ceunts of their refpedtive revenues are kept, although 
they are governed by the fame members.—The account 
exhibited at Chriftmas 1808, Hated a net income of 
6201I. 6s. ud. arifing from rents of the eflates and the 
dividends cn 3000I. 3 per cents, to which legacies and 
donations are to be fubjoined. The expenfes attending 
the arts-maflers and apprentices amounted to 645!. 4s. 6d. 
the charges attending the vagrants, to 706I. 198. and the 
falaries and gratuities to the feveral officers and fervanti, 
and to thofe attending the vagrants and clothing for the 
beadles, including the furveyor’s per-centage and clerk of 
the works, amounted to 1586I. 14s. 2d. making a total of 
1 1,6181. as. 6d. which exceeded the receipt by 3313!. 3s. <;d. 
.—The following llatement was read to the lord-mayor, 
aldermen, &c. after the Spital Sermon, on Eafter Monday, 
1814: 
Vagrants received by commitments from the iord- 
raayor and aldermen laft year ... 242 
Poor perfons received to be paffed - 860 
Apprentices brought up to trades - - 36 
Ditto lent for confinement - - - 30 
1168 
The Bock affurance-office, the Hand-in-hand, and the 
D D N. 
Albion, adorn this large arcane to the magnificent bridge 
called Blackfriars; and many elegant private houfes of 
reputable tradefmen and others, are feen along towards 
the handfome area called Chatham Place, from which the 
view extends right and left from London-bridge to Well- 
minfter, with, above the houfes, a diltant afpeirt of the un¬ 
dulating hills of Surry as far as the thick woods near Sy¬ 
denham and the lhady groves on the heights of Norwood. 
At night, the different foundries on the oppofite bank of 
the river, with their chimney-tops burning in the dark¬ 
ened air, and the red flames reflected in long and quiver¬ 
ing ftreaks on the rippling furface of the water, are not 
without their (hare of iritereft. 
On the eafl fide of Bridge-ftreet, and oppofite to Bride¬ 
well, is Apothecaries’ Hall, at the top of Union-ftreet, ia> 
Water-lane. It is a very handfome building, with a pair 
of gates in front that lead into a paved court; at the up¬ 
per end of which is a grand flight of (lairs leading into 
the hall-room, which is built with brick and ftone, and 
adorned with columns of the Tufcan order. The ceiling 
of the court-room and of the hall are elegantly orna¬ 
mented with fret-work ; the wall is wainfeoted to the 
height of fourteen feet, and adorned with the bull of 
Dr. Gideon Delaun, apothecary to king James I. and 
with feveral pieces of exceeding good painting; among 
which are portraits of James I. and of the gentleman who 
procured their charter, and who had been obliged to leave 
France on account of religion. In this building are two 
large laboratories, one for chemical, and the other for 
galenical, preparations; where great quantities of the beft 
medicines are prepared for the ufe of apothecaries and 
others ; particularly for the furgeons of the royal navy, 
who here furniffi their cherts with all ufeful and neceflary 
medicines.—The arms of the company, (fee Plate XI.) 
carved in ftone on the pediment over the entrance-door, 
are very Spiritedly executed. It is a pity that this building 
does not front Union-rtreet, as it would certainly make a 
fine contrail with the front of Bridewell. 
Juft by Apothecaries’ Hall is Printing-office court, and 
Playhoufie-ftreet; the lall a memento of a theatre once 
exifting there. The other leads to the Times nevvfpaper- 
office : it is an elegant building in a fmall fquare, which 
by a flight of fteps communicates with Eari-ftreet. 
On the greateft part of the ground now occupied by fe¬ 
veral (Ireets and lanes, which offer nothing really worthy 
of notice, once ftood the convent of the Dominicans, 
called Black Friars, or Friars Preachers, founded abouc 
the year 1276, by the intereft and exhortations of Robert 
Kilvvarby, archbifitop of Canterbury. Edward I. by whofe 
affiftance the archbifhop was enabled to build the monaf- 
tery and a large church richly ornamented, kept his char¬ 
ters and records here; and in his time the precinft wat 
crowded with the habitations of the nobility. This mo- 
nailery obtained every immunity which any religious houfe 
had. Its precinft, which was very extenfive, was lurrounded 
by 3 wall with four gates, and contained a great num¬ 
ber of (hops, the occupiers of which cxercifed their trades 
and myfteries, though not free of the city, being fubjeft 
only to the king, the fuperiorof the houfe, and their own 
jultices. Thele ample privileges of the Blackfriars pre- 
cinft, though now loft, were preferved long after the iup- 
preffion of religious houfes ; for when, after the difiolutiofi 
cf the priory, the mayor interfered with them, he was pe¬ 
remptorily commanded to defift, by Henry VIII. who fent 
him word that “He was as well able to keep the liberties 
as the friars were:” and in the reign of Mary thecitizens 
made a fruitlefs application to parliament to grant them 
jurildiclion over the Blackfriars’ precinct; but at length, 
in the year 1735, they fucceeded (lee p. 96.) At prefent, it 
is included in the ward of Farringdon Within, by the name 
of the precinfl of St. Anne, Blackfriars; the church of 
which, being deftroyed by the fire in 1666, was not rebuilt, 
and the parilh was annexed to that of St. Andrew Ward¬ 
robe. 
The continuator of Stow, in the edition of the Survey 
publilhed 
