LON 
Joiin Barktfead, knt who purchafed it for the purpofe of 
building on the vacant ground ; as appears by an aft of 
parliament parted in 1656, for reftraining new buildings 
in and about the fuburbs of London, in which there is_a 
fpecial provifo to enable him to build thereon, in cotifi- 
deration of his having given a greater fum for the pur- 
chafe of it, on that account, than he would otherwife 
have done. The laft bifhop of Bangor, who appears to 
have refided here, was bifhop Dolben, who, having been 
formerly vicar of Hackney, contributed thirty pounds for 
repairing the caufeway leading from Clapton and Hackney 
to Shoreditch, of which he informed the inhabitants of 
thefe villages, by a letter dated from Bangor-houfe, in 
Shoe-lane, the nth of November, 1633. 
Above this we have Gough-fquare, particularly and al- 
moft exclufively inhabited by furriers. It is a fmall place, 
but pleafant on account of its comparative lilence and 
apparent folitude in the centre of noife and buttle. The 
accefs to it is multifarious.—One is by Wine-office-court, 
where we find ail old-eftablifhed drinking and fmoking 
houfe, called the Chefhire Cheefe.—Another is through 
Johnfon’s court, where the celebrated Dr. Johnfon lived 
for fome years; and afterwards removed to Bolt-court, 
another of the inlets to Gough-fquare, where he died; 
and where alfo lived and died that worthy charafter and 
felf-taught philofopher, James Fergufon ; and alfo the in¬ 
genious Mr. Whitehurlt, a well-known writer on me¬ 
chanics. Amid this learned fociety lived a man of very 
modeft and retired habits, yet not quite unknown to the 
literary world : Mr. Griffith Jones was for many years editor 
of the Daily Advertifer, at that time a paper of the greateft 
circulation of any in London ; and of the London Chro¬ 
nicle, to which he contributed many effays in profe and 
verfe ; he was alfo the author, compiler, and tranflator, of 
many other publications: but never put his name to any. 
The Chronicle, however, was his principal labour for 
many years ; and his fon takes a pleafure in quoting the 
teftimony of Mr. Bofwell, that “ it was all along diltin- 
guifhed for good-fenfe, accuracy, moderation, and deli¬ 
cacy.” Life of Johnfon, vol. i. p. 297.—The houfe is now 
occupied by the Medical Society of London. A confi- 
derable part of Bolt-court is at prefent taken up with the 
printing-offices and warehoufes of Mr. Benfley, from 
whofe preffes have proceeded feme of the moll elegant 
typography that England or any country can boaft. 
To the weft of Gough-fquare we find Fetter-lane, which 
unites Fleet-ftreet with Holborn. Its entrance at both 
ends is narrow, and particularly at the fouth end. We 
are told it was anciently called Feivters ’ lane, from the num¬ 
ber of idle and loofe perfons who ufed to frequent the 
place, it being furrounded with gardens and houfes for 
diffipation. Why perkmen fliould flock to this lane, and 
why fauffage-meat fhould be made here in greater quan¬ 
tity and with more credit than at any other place in town, 
is not eafily accounted for. 
Beyond the fouth end of Fetter-lane is the parifn- 
church of Sr. Dunltan in the Welt. It is a very ancient 
foundation, in the gift of the abbot and convent of Weft- 
minfter, who, in the year 1237, prefented it to king Hen¬ 
ry III, towards the maintenance of the foundation of the 
houfe called the Roils, for the reception of converted 
jews. It was afterwards conveyed to the abbot and con¬ 
vent of Alnwick in Northumberland, in which patro¬ 
nage it continued till that religious houfe was fuppreffed 
by Heniy VIII. Edward VI. granted the advowfon of 
this church, under the name of a vicarage, to lord Dudley. 
Soon after this, the reftory and vicarage were granted to 
lir Richard Sackville; and the impropriation has conti¬ 
nued ever fince in private hands. This is one of the 
churches that efcaped the fire of London, the flames hav¬ 
ing flopped within three doors of it ; fince which time, 
however, it has been frequently repaired ; and at length 
3 number of fmall fhops, or fheds, that flood in the front 
of it, have been removed. The church, which is built of 
brick, and ltone, confilts of a large body, with a very dif- 
D O N, 523 
proportionate fquare tower. It is ninety feet in length, 
fixty in breadth, thirty-fix in height to the roof, and the 
altitude of the turret is one hundred. Here is a good or¬ 
gan, remarkable for a fine vox-humana flop. The dial of 
the clock projefts over the flreet, on the fouth fide of the 
church ; and the clock-houfe is formed of an Ionic porch, 
containing two figures ereft, carved and painted, and as 
large as life, which with knotted clubs alternately ftrike 
the quarters on two bells hung between them : tiiefe 
figures were fet up in the year 1671. In a niche, at the 
eaft end of the church, is the ftatue of queen Elizabeth, 
which formerly flood on Ludgate, and, when that gate 
was taken down, was purchafed by alderman Gofling, and 
placed in its prefent fituation. See p. 104. of this article. 
A little to the eaft of St. Dunftan’s church, and near 
the fouth end of Fetter-lane, is Crane-court, in which is- 
a neat plain building, called the Scots’ Hall. This cor¬ 
poration was inftituted for the relief of the poor and ne- 
ceflitous people of Scotland, that refide within the cities 
of London and Weftminfter. It owes its origin to James 
Kinnier, a Scotchman, and a merchant of this city ; who, 
on his recovery from a long and dangerous illnefs, refolved 
to give part of his eftate towards the relief of his indigent 
countrymen ; for which purpofe, having prevailed with a 
fociety of Scotchmen, who compofed a box-club, to join 
their flock, he obtained a charter, by which he and his 
coadjutors were, in the year 1665, conftituted a body po¬ 
litic and corporate, with feveral privileges, which king 
Charles II. confirmed the following year by letters pa¬ 
tent ; wherein are recited the privileges granted in the 
former charter, with the addition of l'everal new ones, 
viz. that they might ereft n tiofpital, within the city or 
liberties of London and Weftminlter, to be called, “The 
Scots Hofpital of King Charles II.” to be governed by 
eight Scotchmen, who were to choofe from among them- 
felves a mafter, and who, together with thefe governors, 
was declared to be a body politic and corporate, and t<> 
have a common feal. They were alfo empowered to eleft: 
thirty-three afliftants, and to purchafe, in mortmain, four 
hundred pounds per annum, over and above the annual 
fum mentioned in the firft charter; the profits arifing from 
thefe purchafes to be employed in relieving poor old 
Scotch men and women, and in inflruiting and employing 
poor orphans, the defendants of Scotchmen, within this 
city. The extenfive plan of an hofpital was foon aban¬ 
doned for the prefent mode of relief by affifting perfons at 
their own habitations. And a third charter was granted 
in 1775* The annual fubfeription is one or two guineas, 
and ten guineas for life-governors. The fund raiied by 
thefe contributions is applied to the relief of poor Scotch¬ 
men who have not acquired any parochial fettlement in 
England, and who have iurvived the power of labour, or 
are difabled by difeafe or cafualty to earn a livelihood, or 
are defirous of returning to their native country, and are 
deftitute of the means. 
Crane-court is no throughfare; but, palling, through 
the back-door of one of the houfes at the north-eaft fide, 
we come to the top of Red-lion-court, called Red-lion- 
paffage, where lived the learned printer, Mr. William 
Bowyer, See vol. iii. p. 326. The houfe was burned 
down at the beginning of February 1808, (not January, as 
erroneoufly ftated at p. 185.) but has rilen with greater 
fplendour by the exertions of Mr. Nichols, once the ap¬ 
prentice and then the partner of Bowyer ; now one of the 
moft relpeftable printers in London, and hnnfelf a veteran 
and a giant in literature, having produced immenfe tomes 
of topography and biography; and having moreover efta- 
bliihed a charafter for integrity and benevolence that makes 
every man his friend. 
Going round this celebrated printing-office to the 
north-v\eft, a delicate paflage called Featherbed-lane 
brings us again into Fetter-lane; and we prelently find, 
to the fouth-weft, one of the entrances into Clifford’s ■ 
Inn. This communicates immediately with Serjeants’ 
Inn, Chancery-lane, the only remaining inn of court 
