LON 
Ijng the firft done, his majefty king George I. gave one 
hundred guineas, to be didributed among the workmen ; 
and fome time after, he alfo gave fifteen hundred pounds 
to purchafe an organ, which has been lately replaced by 
a new one, not fo good as the old one. The whole ex- 
penfe of building and decorating this church, amounted 
to 60,8911. 10s. 4d. of which, 33,4.501. were granted by par¬ 
liament, and the red railed by voluntary fubfcriptions, 
added to the above royal benefaction. The church of 
St. Martin in the Fields is a very elegant edifice, built with 
done. In the weft front is an afcent, by a long flight of 
fteps, to a very noble portico of Corinthian columns, that 
fupport a pediment, in which are the royal arms in bas- 
relief. The fame order is continued round in pilafters ; 
and in the iutercolumniations are two feries of windows, 
furrounded with ruftic. The doors on the fides are near 
the corners, and are ornamented with lofty Corinthian 
columns : the roof is concealed by a handfome baluftrade, 
and the fpire is (lately and elegant. The decorations 
within are extremely beautiful ; the roof is richly adorned 
with fret-work ; (lender Corinthian columns, railed on 
high pedeftals, in the front of the galleries, ferve to (tip- 
port both them and the roof, which, on the fides, relts 
upon them in a very ornamented arch-work. The eaft 
end is richly adorned with fret-work and gilding, and 
over the altar is a large window finely painted. With 
refped to this edifice, the author of the Critical Review 
remarks, that it would be a great advantage to the build¬ 
ing, if the front were laid open to the Mews. “The 
portico,” fays he, “ is at once elegant and auguft ; and 
if the fteps, rifing from the ftreet to the front, could 
have been made regular, and on a line from end to end, 
it would have given it a very coniiderable grace ; but, as 
the fituation of the ground would not allow it, this is to 
he efteemed a misfortune rather than a fault. The round 
columns at each angle of the church are well contrived, 
and have a very fine efrefl in the profile of the building ; 
the eaft end is remarkably elegant, and very juftly chal¬ 
lenges a particular applaufe.” In the (teeple of this 
church is a ring of bells greatly admired for the harmony 
of their found. The church is a vicarage, the patronage 
of which is in the gift of the bifhop of London. 
At the fouth-vveft corner of the Strand, oppofite to the 
end of St. Martin’s lane, (lands Northumberland-houfe, 
which was erefted on the fite of the hofpital of St. Mary 
Rounceval, a cell to the priory of the fame name in Na¬ 
varre, founded and endowed by the earl of Pembroke in 
the reign of Henry III. This hofpital was fupprelfed, 
with otheralien-priories, by Henry V. but was re-founded, 
in 1476, by Edward IV. After the general fupprellion 
of religious hotifes, Edward VI. in tire year 1549, granted’ 
the chapel, with its appurtenances, to fir Thomas Cawar- 
den. After this, it came into the pofiefiion of Henry 
Howard earl of Northampton, who, in the reign of James I. 
ereeled three fides of the quadrangle. After the death 
of this nobleman, it became the property of his relation, 
the ear! of Suifolk, and was then known by the name of 
Sufl'olk-houfe. In the reign of Charles I. Algernon earl 
of Northumberland, lord high admiral, married the daugh¬ 
ter of the earl of Suifolk, and, about the year 8642, be¬ 
came the proprietor of this houfe; from which time it 
has borne its prefent name. This earl, finding it incon¬ 
venient to refide in the apartments built by lord North¬ 
ampton, on account of their nearnefs to the ftreet, 
completed the quadrangle by building the fourth or 
fonth fide, which is at fuch a diftance from the ftreet as 
to avoid the noife of the carriages, See. and enjoy all the 
advantages of retirement. This part was built under the 
direction of Inigo Jones, as the other three fides had been 
■under that of Bernard janflen. The front, next the ftreet, 
was begun to be rebuilt by Algernon duke of Somerfet, 
who became poflefied of it in 1748, in right of his mother, 
the daughter and heirefs of the earl of Northumberland ; 
and from him it defeended to his fon-in-law and daugh¬ 
ter, the late duke and due he Is of. Northumberland, by 
DON. 533 
whom the new front was completed, and fuch improve¬ 
ments made, as have rendered this building an objeft of 
admiration for its elegance and grandeur. 
The front of this building, next the ftreet, is exceed¬ 
ingly magnificent. In the centre of it is a grand arched 
gate, the piers of which are continued to the top of the 
building, with niches on each fide cf the ground, deco¬ 
rated with carvings, in a fort of Gothic (lyle. They are 
connected at the top, by uniting to form an arch in the 
centre, opening from the top cf the houfe to a circular 
balcony. Handing on a final 1 bow-window ever the gate 
beneath. Over the arch, on a pedeftal, is a lion in (lone, 
the creft of the duke of Northumberland’s arms. The 
building, cn each fide the centre, is of brick, containing 
two feries of regular windows, five on each fide, over a 
like feries of niches on the ground (lory. At each extre¬ 
mity is a tower, with ruftic ((one corners, containing one 
window each in front, correfponding with the building. 
Thefe towers rife above the reft of the front, firft with an 
arched window, above that a port-hole window, and the 
top is terminated with a dome, crowned with a vane. 
The centre is connected with the turrets over rhe build¬ 
ing* by a breaft-work of folid piers, and open lattice-work, 
alternately, correfponding with the windows beneath, 
which have ftone-work under them, carved in like man¬ 
ner. The four fides of the inner court are faced with 
Portland-done ; and the two wings, which extend from 
the garden-front towards the river, are above one hun¬ 
dred feet in length. The principal door of the houfe 
opens to a veftibule, about eighty-two feet icing, and up¬ 
wards of twelve feet wide, ornamented with columns of 
the Doric order. Each end of it communicates with a 
Hair-cafe leading to the principal apartments, which face 
the garden. They confjft of feveral fpacious rooms, fitted 
up in the molt elegant manner: the ceilings are embel- 
lifned with copies of antique paintings, or fine ornaments 
of (lucco, richly gilt: the chimney-pieces are of curious 
marble, carved and finifiieu in the moll correit fade: the 
rooms are hung either vyith beautiful tapeftry or the richeft 
damalks; magnificently furnilhed with large glafies, Set¬ 
tees, marble tables, &c. with frames of exquifite work- 
manlhip, richly gilt. They al(o contain a great variety 
of pictures, executed by the mod diftinguifhed mailers, 
particularly Raphael, Titian, Paul Veronele, Salvator Rofa,. 
Rubens, Vandyke, &c. Among thefe is the Cornaro fa¬ 
mily, painted by Titian, which was fold to Algernon 
earl of Northumberland, in the reign of Charles I. by 
Vandyke, for one thoufand guineas. In fome of the 
rooms are large chefts, embelliftied with old genuine Ja¬ 
pan, which being great rarities, are efteemed invaluable. 
The gallery, or ball-room, in the eaft wing, is decorated 
in a very elegant manner. It is one hundred and fix feet 
long, and twenty-feven feet wide. The ceiling is carved 
and ornamented with figures and feltoons, richly gilt. 
The flat part of the ceiling is divided into five compart¬ 
ments, ornamented with fine imitations of fome antique 
figures ; particularly, Fame, blowing a trumpet: a Diana; 
a Triumphal Car, drawn by two hones ; a Flora; and a 
Victory, holding out a wreath of laurel. The entabla¬ 
ture is Corinthian, and of moll exquifite workmanfhip. 
The garden lies between the houfe and the Thames; and, 
with a little expenfe, might have a terrace-walk on the 
bank of the river, equal, in the extent and beauty of its 
profped, to either Somerfet-houfe or the Adelphi. Some 
years back it was hoped that this improvement would 
have taker, place, the duke having, obtained all the ground 
from the garden to>the river from the crown, in exchange 
for lands in Northumberland, which were wanted for the 
eredion of batteries to pro ted that coaft. 
From Hnngerford Market, behind Northumberland 
Houfe, is a way to Whitehall, well known to thofe who 
wifh, by threading narrow ftreets, paflhges, and alleys, to 
make the Left ule-of their time, and to fpare their legs. 
There we find Scotiand-yard, which derives its name 
from a magnificent palace built for the reception of the 
Scottifa 
