LON 
LON'DON, a town of the (late of Maryland, on a river 
which runs into the Chefapeak : five miles fouth-weft of 
Annapolis. 
LON'DON (Little), a village in ElTex, near Samford 
Magna.—A village in Middlefex, fouth of Hillingdon- 
iieath. 
LON'DON (New), a town of the (late of Connecticut: 
feventy-five miles iouth-fouth-yveft of Bofton, and ioo 
eaft-north-eaft of New York. 
LONDON E'ASTCOTE, a village in Lincolnfhire, 
among the fens upon Bolton-dyke. 
LONDON GRO'VE, a townOiip in Chefter-county, 
Pennfylvania, containing 921 inhabitants. 
LONDON HAR'BOUR, a bay and harbour on the 
north coalt of the ifland of St. John, in the gulf of St. 
Laurence. Lat.46.26.N- Ion. 63.8. W. 
LONDON PRI'DE, in botany. See Saxifraga. 
LONDON THOR'P, a village of Lincolnfhire ; north- 
cr (1 of Grantham. 
LONDONDER'RY, a county of Ireland, in the pro¬ 
vince of Ulfter; bounded on the north by Lough Foyle 
and the Atlantic Ocean, on the ea(l by the county of 
Antrim, on the fouth-weft .by the county of Tyrone, and 
on the weft by Donegal ; extending in its greateft dimen- 
fions thirty-two miles from north to fouth, and about the 
fame from eaft to weft. It contains thirty-one parifhes, 
in which are about 25,000 houfes, and 125,000 inhabitants. 
This county was formerly called Coleraine, but changed its 
name in the reign of James I. who granted the principal 
part of the county, with the towns of Londonderry and 
Coleraine, to the citizens of London, in confideration of 
their fettling an Englifti colony after the rebellion, in the 
*orth of Ireland, under the name of the Society of the 
Governors and Afliftants at London, of the New Planta¬ 
tion of Ulfter, in the Realm of Ireland. See p. 600. and 
the article Ireland, vol. xi. p. 307. The linen-manu- 
fiaCture profpers through every part of the county. Two 
members are returned to the Irifh parliament 5 and one 
for the city of Londonderry, the capital. 
LONDONDER'RY, or Derry, the capital of the coun¬ 
ty, and the fee of a bi(hop, (lands at the bottom of Lough- 
Foyle. This city has a very good port, to which (hips 
cf the greateft; burden have accefs, and a confderable 
trade. It will be ever famous for the gallantry and per- 
ieverance with which it defended itfelf in three memora¬ 
ble lieges, in defiance of the greateft hard (hips and dif- 
couragements 5 namely, id, In 164.1, when the rebels 
could not reduce it either by fraud or force, edly, In 
*649, when it was befieged by the lord Ardes, and re¬ 
duced iflmoft to extremity by famine, till at laft relieved 
by troops fent from England. 3dly_. When it held out 
againft the French and Irifh from the 7th of December, 
1688, to the laft day of July, 1689, though it was neither 
▼/ell fortified nor provided with a garrifon or (tores of pro- 
vificn and ammunition, and hardly any attempt made to 
relieve it during fo long a time. See the article Ireland, 
vol. xi. p. 321. Though the city is twenty miles up the 
river, yet very large (hips can come up to the quay, where 
there are four or five fathoms of water. It is now well 
fortified with a ftrong wall, befides outworks ; and along 
the banks of the river are feveral cattles and a fort. This 
city is of no great antiquity, having been built and plant¬ 
ed in the reign of James I. by a colony fent by the fociety 
above mentioned. The trade of the town is very confi- 
derable, having not only a large (hare in the herring- 
iifhery, but lending (hips alfo to the Weft Indies, New 
England, and Newfoundland, for which they are fo ad- 
▼antageoufty fituated, that a veffel bound from thence to 
America often arrives there before a London (hip can get 
clear of the foundings, or arrive in the Latitude of Lon¬ 
donderry. Though there are a great many (hallows in 
Lough-Foyle, w hich ferves it inftead of a road ; yet they 
are ealily avoided, as there are deep channels between 
them. Thefe points, called Emiftone, Rufterhull,or Caldy- 
iiead, which lie a little to the weft of the mouth of the 
Vol. XIII. No. 932, 
LON O17 
harbour, are counted the mod northerly of Ireland. The 
inhabitants of this city arealmoft all Proteftants. It gava 
title of earl and baron to a branch of the family of Pitt, 
which became extinft in 1764; but part of the title was 
revived in Robert Stewart, who was created Baron Lon¬ 
donderry in 1789. A late traveller fays, “ Derry is per¬ 
haps the cleaned, bed-built, and molt beautifully-fitu- 
ated, town in Ireland ; and, excepting Cork, as conve¬ 
nient as any for commerce, foreign and domeftic.” The 
lake almoft furrounds it; and the whole ground-plot both 
of it and its liberties belongs to the 12 great companies of 
London. Great quantities of falmon, falted and barrelled, 
are exported from hence to America. It contains io,ooo> 
inhabitants ; and has a wooden bridge 1068 feet long, 
which was ereCted in 1791. Lat. 55. 4. N. Ion. 7.5. W. 
LONDONDER'RY, a pod town of America, in Rock¬ 
ingham county, New Hampfliire, near the head of B.eaver- 
river, which difeharges itfelf into Merrimack-river at 
Pawtucket Falls 5 fettled in 1718, incorporated in 1722, 
and containing 2650 inhabitants, moftly the defeendants 
of emigrants from Ulfter-county, Ireland ; and employed 
in the manufacture of linen-cloth and thread; thirty-fix 
miles fouth-weft-by-fouth from Portfmouth.—A town- 
(hip in Halifax-county, Nova Scotia, on the north fide of 
Cobequid or Colchefter river, about thirty miles from it* 
mouth, at the bafin of Minas ; fettled by North Irifh and 
Scotch.—A tovvnfliip in the north-weft part of Windham- 
city, Vermont, on the head-waters of Weft-river, about 
thirty-three miles north-eaft of Bennington. In 1795 it 
was divided into two parts, the eaft half being called 
Windham, and the weft part retaining its original name.— 
Two townfhips in Pennfylvania ; one in Dauphin-county, 
and the other in Somerfet-county. 
LON'DONER,/] One born in the city of London ; an 
inhabitant of London. 
LON'DRES, or London, a town of South America, in 
the province of Tucuman, built by Tarita, then governor, 
in 1555, in compliment to Mary queen of England, then 
married to Philip king of Spain. Lat. 29. 12. S. 
LONE, adj. [contracted from alone.'] Solitary; unfre¬ 
quented; having no company. — Here the Lone hour a blank 
of life difplays. Savage. 
Thus vanifh feeptres, coronets, and balls. 
And leave you in lone woods, or empty walls. Pope. 
Single; not conjoined or neighbouring to others.—No 
lone houfe in Wales, with a mountain and a rookery, is 
more contemplative than this court. Pope. 
LONE'E, a town of Hindooftan : twelve miles eall- 
fouth-eaft of Poonah. 
LONEL', a town of the ifiand of Sardinia : twenty-two 
miles fouth-eaft of Bofa. 
LO'NELINESS, J. Solitude; want of company.—The 
huge and fportful aflembly grew to him a tedious loneli- 
ne/s, efteeming nobody lince Daiphantus was loft. Sidney. 
—Difpofition to folitude: 
I fee 
The my(lery of your lonelinefs, and find 
Your fait tears’ head. Shakefpcare. 
LO'NELY, adj. Solitary : 
Why thus clofe up the flars 
That nature hung in heav’n, and fill’d their lamps 
With everlafting oil, to give due light 
To the milled and lonely traveller ? Milton. 
Addicted to folitude: 
When, faireft princefs. 
You lonely thus from the full court retire, 
Love and the graces follow to your folitude. Rowe. 
LO'NENESS, J. Solitude; diflike of company.—-I cat? 
love her who lo.ves lonenefs bed. Donne. 
If of court-life you knew the good, 
You would leave lonenefs. 
7 S 
Donne. 
eo'ner, 
