L O N I 
f ericlynveha, but a ftiort corolla with a gibbous tube, as 
•hi the Charnsecer'afa. It is a native of North America ; 
and was introduced in 1766, by Peter Collinfort, efq. It 
flowers in June and July. 
3. Lonicera fempervirens, or trur.ipet-honeyfuckle: 
flpikes naked, terminating; the upper leaves connate- 
perfoliate ; corollas almoft regular ; tube bellying at top. 
This fort grows naturally in Virginia, and many other 
parts of North America, but has been long cultivated in 
the Englilli gardens by the title of Virginia trumpet-ho- 
neyfuckle. Of tbefe there are two varieties, if not dif- 
tinft fpecies, one being much hardier than the other. 
The old fort, which came from Virginia, has ftronger 
(hoots ; the leaves are of a brighter green : the bunches 
of flowers are larger, and deeper-coloured, the other 
which came from Carolina. Thefe plants have the ap- 
pearance of the common honeyfuckle, but the flioots are 
weaker than any of thofe, except the wild fort called 
woodbine; they are of a purplifli red colour, and fmooth. 
The leaves are of an oblong oval fhape inverted, and 
clofely furround the (talk; of a lucid green on their up- 
der fide, but pale on their under. The flowers are pro¬ 
duced in bunches at the end of the branches ; thefe have 
long (lender tubes, whidh are enlarged at the top, where 
they are cut into five almoft equal fegments. The outfide 
of the flower is a bright fcarlet, and the infide yellow'; 
they have great appearance of the honeyfuckle, but are 
not fo deeply divided, nor are the fegments reflexed. 
They have no odour; but for the beauty of their flowers', 
and their long continuance, together with their leaves be¬ 
ing evergreen, they are preferved in moft curious gardens. 
Ray mentions its being cultivated at Fulham, in the gar¬ 
den of bifhop Compton. It was however cultivated ear¬ 
lier than this ; namely in 1656, by John Tradefcant, ju¬ 
nior. It flowers from May to Auguft. 
4. Lonicera grata, or evergreen honeyfuckle: flowers 
in terminating whorls ; leaves perennial, obovate, glau¬ 
cous beneath ; the upper ones connate-fubperfoliate ; co¬ 
rollas ringent. This fort grows naturally in North Ame¬ 
rica ; it has ftrong branches, covered with a purple bark, 
which are garnifhed with lucid green leaves embracing 
■the ftalks, and continuing their verdure all the year. The 
flowers are produced in whorled bunches at the end of 
the branches ; there are frequently two, and fometiines 
three, of thefe bunches rifing one out of another; they 
are of a bright red on their outfide, and yellow within, of 
a ftrong aromatic flavour. This fort begins to flower in 
June, and there is a fucceflion of flowers till the froft puts 
a flop to them, fo that it is the molt valuable of all the 
forts. Cultivated in 1739, by Mr. Miller. 
5. Lonicera implexa, or Minorca honeyfuckle : flowers 
ringent in whorls ; brafles even : leaves perennial, fmooth, 
oblong; the upper ones, connate-perfoliate; the upper- 
moft dilated. Leaves fmaller and narrower than in the 
other forts'. Native of Minorca. Introduced about 1772, 
by Monf. Richard. It flowers from June to September. 
6. Lonicera periclymenum, common honeyfuckle, or 
woodbine : flowers ringent, in terminating heads ; leaves 
deciduous, all diftinft. The common wild Englifli ho- 
neyfuckle, or woodbine, trails over bufhes, and twines 
round the boughs of trees, with its very (lender branches, 
which are oppolite, and commonly ftained with purple, in 
part at leatt or on one fide. Leaves oppofite ovate, un¬ 
derneath glaucous, all diftinfl, and more feparated from 
the Item-; though even in thefe there is a flight membra¬ 
naceous ring running round the branch, and connecting 
the two oppofite leaves. Flowers in a thick roundilh 
whorled (pike, many together, from ten or twelve to nine¬ 
teen or twenty; tube an inch long, curved a little ; bor¬ 
der two-parted, both parts reflex, the upper one divided 
into four blunt and nearly-equal fegments, the lower one 
linear and entire. The tube is wider and (horter, the bor¬ 
der much longer, than in the Italian honeyfuckle. On 
account of the border being turned back, the ftamens 
Rand much above the corolla, and the piftil much above 
C E R A. 627 
them. The corollas ars ufually red on the outfide, and 
yellowiih within ; but they vary much in colour, between 
red, purple, and yellow, arid in the (hade are very pale. 
They are very fweet, efpecially in the evening. There 
are very fmali whitifh blunt bodies at the Bale of the ftyle, 
which are fupp’ol’ed to be the nectaries, B'cries round ill), 
red, diftirift, having the remains of the calyx adhering to 
them, and containing feveral feed's, of a yellbwifli-brovvil 
colour, round on one fide, and flattiih on the other. Na¬ 
tive of moft parts of Europe in woods and hedges, alfo in 
many parts of the Chin'el'e empire. With us it flowers 
from the end of May to July. See the annexed Plate. 
The early winters attribute virtues to this flirub which 
are now quite given up ; but the beauty and exquifite fra¬ 
grance of the flower dill give it a place in our.ornamental 
plantations. In climbing it turns from eaft to welt, with 
moft of our other Englifli climbers ; and in common with 
them it bears clipping and pruning well; for in a (late o£ 
nature thole plants that cannot afcerid without the a (li ft - 
ance of others, are often liable to lofe large branches, 
they have therefore a proportional vigour of growth to re- 
(tore accidental damages. This flirub is (abject, When 
placed near buildings, to be disfigured and injured by 
aphides, vulgarly called blights ; thefe infects were for¬ 
merly luppoled to be brought by the eaft wind, and cors- 
fequently the mifehief was looked upon as inevitable j 
but obfervation has corrected that error; their hiftory i3 
well known, but no effectual remedy again ft them is as 
yet difeovered. Thefe infefts are not very numerous in 
fpring, but as the Cummer advances they increafe in a fur- 
prifing degree; their firft attacks therefore (liould be 
watched, and the branches they firft appear on cut off 
and deftroyed ; for, when they have once gained ground, 
they are defended by their numbers. Small plants may 
be cleared of them by tobacco-duft or Spanifli fnuff, but 
this is not pra£ticable for large trees. The leaves are 
likewife liable to be curled up by a (mall caterpillar, which 
produces a beautiful little moth, Phalasna tortrix. In the 
evening fonie fpecies of Sphinges, or hawk-moths, are fre¬ 
quently obl’erved to hover over the bloffoms, and with 
their long tongues to extract the honey from the very 
bottom of the flowers. A coniiderable quantity of nec- 
tareous juice may fometimes be difeerned in the tube. 
Infects that are too large to penetrate into the narrow 
part of the tube, and have not a long tongue, like the 
fphinges, to reach the juice, let it out by making a punc¬ 
ture towards the bottom, and thus tapping the liquor. 
The refources of animals in procuring their food are in¬ 
numerable. 
In Englifli this flmib is called woodbine, honeyfuckle; 
fuckling, and caprifoly. Shakefpeare feems to have dif- 
tinguifhed the honeyfuckle from the woodbind, or wood¬ 
bine : 
So doth the woodbine, the fweet honeyfuckle 
Gently entwift. Midf, Night Dream . 
Milton appears to have miftaken it, when he calls it the 
eglantine, which is the fweet briar : 
Through the fweet briar or the vine, 
Or the twilled eglantine. 
Shakefpeare clearly diftinguilhes the woodbine from ths 
eglantine : 
I know a bank whereon the wild thyme blows. 
Where ox-lip and the nodding violet grows. 
O’er-canopied with lufeious woodbine. 
With fweet mulk-rofes, and with eglantine. Midf, N. D. 
The fame poet alludes to the ufe of this ramping Ihrub 
for forming arbours : 
And bid her fteal into the pleached bower. 
Where lioneyfuckles ripened by the fun 
Forbid the fun to enter.- 
--Beatrice, who e’en now 
Is couched in the woodbine coverture. Much Ado , 
2 2 D 
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