L O N I 
berries, jdined at the bafe, and having two putiflures. 
They ripen at the beginning of Auguft. Sometimes there 
is but one berry, which is frequently as large as a Kentifh 
cherry. Becaufe the berry is three-celled, and the feeds 
loofe and drilling, Adanfon has feparated this from the 
other fpecies, under the name of Ifica ; and Gasrtner feems 
inclined to follow him. At this rate, we might form a 
genus of almoft every fpecies. Linnaeus remarks, that 
the leaves are fmooth; the corollas without any fpur, and 
irregular; the two upper fegments of the calyx fcarcely 
diltindh. Scopoli, that the leaves are (hilling underneath ; 
the peduncles ftriated, a finger’s length, with two brafles 
on them ; the filaments hairy at the bafe, and the antherre 
of the fame colour with the corolla, which according to 
him is red, but according to Linnaeus yellow; Krocker 
fays it is blood-red. Native of the l'outh of Europe; cul¬ 
tivated by Gerard in 1596. 
13. Lonicera Caucafica, or Caucafian honeyfuckle ; pe¬ 
duncles two flowered ; berries coadunate-twin; ovate- 
lanceolate, quite entire. Height about five feet; trunk 
covered with a whitilh bark ; branches fpreading, red or 
lioary-teftaccous; branches long, (lender, wand-like. The 
wood is hard, weighty, like ivory, beautifully veined with 
green; much elteemed for walking-(licks, which are fent 
to Peterlburgh. Native of Caucafus. Called by the Ruf¬ 
fians toguftun, and by the Tartars tokus-tuun, which fignifies 
nine Ikins ; this (lirub every year calling its epidermis, 
yririch adheres copioufiy to the twigs. 
14. Lonicera cserulea, or blue-berried upright honey¬ 
fuckle: peduncles two-flowered; berries coadunate-glo- 
bular; ftyles undivided. This feldom rifesmore than four 
or five feet high. The flowers appear in March, April, 
or May; and the berries ripen in Augult. The wood 
is very hard, beautifully veined with grey and pale yel¬ 
low. Berries at firft fubglobular; when ripe oblong, large, 
dark blue, with a bitterifh purple juice, and fix or eight 
finall, oblong, acute, yellow feeds; the purple juice (tains 
paper of a itrong colour, and might perhaps be ufeful in 
dying. Native of Swilferland, Auftria, Siberia as far as 
Kamtfchatka, and in the iflands adjacent to America. 
Cultivated here in 1714. 
III. Stem upright, peduncles many-flowered. 15. 
Lonicera Mongolica, or Ruffian honeyfuckle: peduncles 
many-flowered; berries Ample, one-flowered ; leaves ovate, 
ferrate, pnbefeent. This is (mailer than L. xylolteum ; 
upright, with (lender branches, and with a whitilh-grey 
outer bark; leaves fewer, oppofite, petioled, hoary under- 
Meath. Grows not only in the defert of the Mongols in 
the Ruffian empire, but in D'auria. 
16. Lonicera fymphoricarpos, or fhrubby St. Peter’s- 
wort: heads lateral, peduncled ; leaves petioled. Height 
about four feet, fending out many (lender branches. The 
flowers are produced in whorls round the (talk; they are 
of an herbaceous colour, and appear in Augult. The 
fruit, which is hollow, and fliaped like a pottage-pot, 
ripens in the winter: it is flefliy, globular, of the form 
and fize of the flowers of Arbutus, four-celled, contain¬ 
ing cartilaginous roundifh feeds. The flowers and fruits 
are axillary; and, being in dole clulters, Dillenius gave 
this (lirub the name of Symphoricarpos. Native of Virginia 
and Carolina ; flowers in Auguft and September. 
17. Lonicera bubalin3, or Cape honeyfuckle : heads ter¬ 
minating, peduncled; leaves oblong, quite entire, linootb. 
Found by Sparrman at the Cape of Good Hope, where 
the Dutch call it bvffelhorrt . 
x8. Lonicera Diervilla, or yellow-flowered upright ho- 
nsyfuckle: racemes terminating; leaves ferrate. This is 
a low (lirub, feldom riling more than three feet high. 
The berries are oval, black, four-celled, with one hard 
feed in each cell; in England they are rarely formed, and 
never fome to maturity. The roots creep far under 
ground, and lend out many items; many of thefe which 
come up in the fpring produce flowers the lame year, fa 
that there is generally a fucceffion of them from May to 
September; the (hoots of the former year flowering early, 
Voii. XIII. Na.333. 
CERA. 
the fide branches foots following, and then the young 
(hoots. It is a native of North America, and was firft 
brought to Europe from Acadie by Motif. Dierville, a 
French furgeon, whence Tournefort gave it the name of 
Diervilla. 
19. Lonicera corymbofa, or corymbed honeyfuckle : 
corymbs terminating; leaves ovate, acute. Native of 
Peru. 
Propagation and Culture. All the forts of honeyfuckle 
are propagated either by layers or cuttings. When by 
layers, the young (hoots only fliould be chofen. They 
flioultl be ktyed in the autumn, and by the following au¬ 
tumn they will have taken root, when they fliould be cut 
off from the plants, and either planted where they are to 
remain, or into a nurlery to be trained up, either for 
ftandards, which muft be done by fixing down ltakes to 
the ftem of each plant, to which their principal (talk fliould 
be (aliened, and all the others cut off; the principal (talk 
mull be trained to theintended height of the ftem, then it 
fliould be fliortened to force out lateral branches, a*d thele 
fliould be again (lopped to prevent their growing too long. 
By the conffant repeating this as the (hoots are produced, 
they may be formed into a fort of ftandard ; but, if any 
regard is had to their flowering, they cannot be formed 
into regular heads ; for, by conftantly lhortening their 
branches, the flower-buds will be cut off, fo that few 
flowers can be expelled ; and, as it is an unnatural form 
for thefe trees, fo there fliould be but few of them reduced 
to it; for, when they are planted near other bullies, in 
whofe branches the (hoots of the honeyfuckles may run 
and mix, they will flower much better, and have a finer 
appearance, than when they are more regularly trained ; 
therefore, when the plants are in the nurlery, if two or 
three of the principal (hoots are trained up to the (takes, 
and the others are entirely cut off, they will be fit to tranl- 
plant the following autumn to the places where they are 
to remain ; for, though the roots may be tranfplanted of 
a greater age, yet they do not thrive lb well as when they 
are removed while they are young. When thefe plants 
are propagated by cuttings, they fliould be planted in 
September, as foon as the ground is moillened by rain. 
The cuttings fliould have four joints, three of which 
fliould be buried in the ground, and the fourth above the 
furface, from which the lhoot fliould be produced. Thefe 
may be planted in rows, at about a foot diftance row f rom 
row, and four inches afunder in the rows, treading the 
earth dole to them ; and, as the evergreen and late-red 
honeyfuckles are a little more tender than the other forts, 
if the ground between the rows where thefe are planted be 
covered with tanners’ bark, or other mulch, to keep out: 
the froft in winter, and the drying winds of the fpring, it 
will be of great advantage to the cuttings ; and, if the 
cuttings of thefe forts have a fmall piece of the two-years 
wood at their bottom, there will be no hazard of their 
taking root. The plants which are railed from cuttings 
are preferable to thole which are propagated by layers, as 
they have generally better roots. Thele plants wiil grow 
in almoft any foil or fituation, except the fourth, which 
will not thrive where it is too much expofed to the cold 
in winter ; it thrives bed in a foft (andy loam, and will 
retain its leaves in greater verdure in fuch ground than if 
planted in a dry gravelly foil, where in warm dry feafons 
the leaves often (brink, and hang in a very driagreeable 
manner; nor will thole forts which naturally (lower late 
in the autumn, continue fo long in beauty on a dry 
ground, unlefs the leafon fliould prove nioilt and cold, as 
thofe in a gentle loam, not too (tiff or wet. There are 
few forts of (hrubs which delerve cultivation better than 
molt of thefe ; for their flowers are very beautiful, and per¬ 
fume the air to a great diltaqce with their odour, efpeci- 
ally in the mornings and evenings, and in cloudy wea¬ 
ther, when the fun does not exhale their odour, 3 nd raife 
it too high to be perceptible; fb that, in all retired walks, 
there cannot be too many of thefe intermixed with the 
other, (hrubs* We have feen thefe plants intermixed in 
7 X hedged 
