LOP 
LOP, /. That which is cut from trees.—Nor Ihould the 
boughs grow too big, becaufe they give opportunity to 
the rain to foak into the tree, which will quickly caufe it 
to decay, lb that yon muft cut it down, or elfe both body 
and lop will be of little value. Mortimer. 
Now thyfelf hath loft both lop and top, 
As my budding branch thou would’ft crop. Spenfer. 
£From loppa, Swed.] A flea. 
LOP-KENT-CHIAN', a mountain of Thibet. Lat. 
30. 14. N. Ion. 85. 54. E. 
LO'PARY, a town of Kindooftan, in Benares: ten 
miles north of Jionpour. 
To LOPE, v.n. In the Scotch dialed, to elope, to run 
away. 
LOPE, pret of leap. Obfolete : 
With that fprang forth a naked fwain. 
With fpotted wings like peacock’s train. 
And laughing lope to a tree. Spenfer's Paf orals. 
LOTE de VE'GA. See Vega. 
LO'PEN, a village in Somerfetlhire ; two miles from 
Petherton. 
LO'PES (Fernam), the oldeft of the Porruguefe chro¬ 
niclers, and one of the belt chroniclers that any country 
can boall. The year of his birth is not known. He was 
private fecretary to the infant Don Fernando, who died in 
captivity at Fez ; afterwards chief chronicler *nd head 
keeper of the archives. He died in 1449. 
It has been the fubjed of much diicuflion among the 
hiftorians and bibliologifts of his own country, to afeer- 
tain what are the chronicles which he wrote; but it is ad¬ 
mitted by all, that thofe of Pedro I. of Fernando, and of 
joam I. to the conclufion of peace with Caftile, are his. 
The chronicles of the earlier kings (except that of Al- 
fonfo Henriques, the founder of the monarchy, which is 
known to be the work of Duarte Galvam), are varioufly 
attributed to'him, or to Ruy de Pina, in whole name they 
are publilhed. The Chronicle of Pedro was edited in 
1734, by P. Joze Pereira Bayam, and reprinted in 1760. 
He has molt abfurdly and inexcufably disfigured it by 
fubftituting modern words for fuch as were obfolete, and 
torturing the orthography to the fafliion of his own days. 
The Chronicle of Fernando, which is of confiderably 
greater length and value, has never been publifhed ; the 
academy promifed to edit it fifteen years ago, but it has 
not yet appeared. A manufeript of this work is in the 
pofleflion of Mr. Southey. But t.‘.e moft valuable of all 
Fernam Lopes’s writings, is his Chronicle of Joam, w hich 
is the hiltory of the great itruggle between Portugal and 
Caftile towards the dofe of the fourteenth century. No 
pains were fpared to render it as comphte as poflible, nei- 
theron the part of the historian himfelf, nor of king Duarte, 
by whofe command this hiltory of his father was written. 
The king fent into Caftile to collect documents; and the 
chronicler, independent of the information which he re¬ 
ceived at court from perfons w ho had borne a part in the 
councils and actions of thofe times, went over the whole 
kingdom to colled teltimony from all the adors in the 
■wars which he recorded. This was firlt published in 1644, 
ftiortly after the Braganzan revolution ; never was publi¬ 
cation better timed ; never was any book better calcu¬ 
lated to roufe a nation by the example of their fathers, 
and encourage them to refit thofe enemies whom their 
fathers, under like circumftances, had conquered. It is 
a truly excellent and admirable work. With the great 
advantages of linglenefs and wholenefs of liibjed, it has 
all the manners, painting, and dramatic reality, of Froil- 
fart, conveyed in a nobler language, and vivified by a 
more patriotic and more poetical mind. R. S. in Gen. Biog. 
LOPES'CO, a town of Naples, inAbruzzo Ultra: nine¬ 
teen miles fouth-weft ot Aquila. 
LO'PEZ (Gregorio), a celebrated Spanilh lawyer, born 
at Guadaloupe at the latter end of the fifteenth or com- 
mcncement of the flxteenth century. He collated and 
L O P 635 
edited the laws of Alonfo the Wife, known by the title 
of Las Siete Partidas, and added a commentary, which has 
been retained in molt of the fubfequent editions ; and, fo 
far as this commentary, or glofs as it is called, refers to 
the fources of the Partidas in the canon and civil law, it 
is important; but in other refpeds it feems to be of little 
value. Lopez Itudied at Salamanca, and was one of the 
royal council of the Indies. The time of his death is not 
known. R. S. in Gen. Biog. 
LOPE'ZI A, f. [dedicated by Cavanilles to the memory 
of the licentiate Thomas Lopez , a native of Burgos, who 
had an honourable appointment in America in the reign 
of the emperor Charles V. and is laid to have written a 
compendium of natural hiftory, after his return ; which 
fti 11 remains in manufeript, under the title of a Treatife 
on the Three Elements of Air, Water, and Earth.] In 
botany, a genus ol the clafs tnoaandria order monogynia, 
natural order onagrae, fuff. (See Suns and Konig’s Annals 
ot Botany, 531.) The generic charaders arc—Calyx : pe- 
rianthium fuperior, of four oblong concave coloured de¬ 
ciduous leaves; three of them afeending; the fourth, ra¬ 
ther the largeft, pointing downwards. Corolla : irregular. 
Petals four, fpreading, longer than the calyx; the two 
uppermoft oblong, ered, parallel, with a gland at the bafe, 
and fupported by cylindrical claws; two lateral ones fpa- 
tulate, widely fpreading. Nedary obovate, folded, on a 
bent elaftic ftalk, parallel to the lower leaf of the calyx. 
Stamina: filament one, awl-ftiaped, afeending, oppolite 
to the nedary, half as long as the upper petals 5 antheras 
terminal, ovate, Ample, of two Cells, embraced in an 
early date by the folded limb of the nediary. Piftillum: 
gennen inferior, nearly globule, fmooth ; ftyle thread- 
Ihaped, fomewhat declining, as long as the ftamen ; ftigma 
capitate, downy. Pericarpium : capfule globular, of four 
cells, opening at the top by four valves. Seeds : minute, 
ovate, numerous. Receptacle : fquare.— EJJtnlial CharaEler. 
Calyx fuperior, of four unequal leaves ; corolla irregular, 
of four petals; nedary ftalked, folded, opnofire to the 
ltamen ; capfule of four cells and four valves ; feeds nu¬ 
merous. 
Species. 1 Lopezia hirfuta, or hairy lopezia: leaves 
ovate, downy. Stem round, hairy. Native of Mexico. 
Mr. John Hunnemann obtained feeds from Germany, for 
Kew garden, in 1796. The plant is annual, kept in the 
ftove, and flowers from September Co November: Item two 
or three feet high, branched, pale green, clothed with 
longifh foft hairs. Leaves alternate, ftalked, ovate, pointed, 
minutely toothed, an inch or an inch and half long, of a 
bright light green, clothed on both fides with ftiorE fofc 
hairs; thofe near the flowers iinall and fefiile. Flowers 
fpreading, prettily variegated with pink, deep red, and 
white, in fiiape not unlike fome fort of little flies : when 
touched, they exhibit a linking elafticity, if not irritabi¬ 
lity, in the manner in which the nedary on one hand, 
and the ltamen on the other, fly from the piftil. 
2. Lopezia racemofa, or fmooth lopezia : Hern fquare, 
Imooth, as wellasthe leaves. Floral leaves minute. Na¬ 
tive of Mexico. The firlt feeds that arrived in this coun¬ 
try, were lent in a letter from Madrid in 1791, by the 
abne Cavanilles to Dr. Smith, Pref. Linn. Soc. and 
produced plants at Kew and Chelfea the following year, 
which bloomed abundantly in the autumn, and were much 
admired. This fpecies differs from the former chiefly in 
11s Imoothnefs, and the fquarenefs of its Item. In other 
refpeds they are very much alike, efpecially in the flowers 
and inflorelcence, fo as to have been generally thought 
varieties. 
3. Lopezia coronata, or coronet-flowered lopezia: 
leaves fmooth and (Inning; ftem angular, from the der 
current footftalks; floral leaves moltly longer than the 
fiower-ftalks. Native of Mexico. Mefirs. Lee and Ken¬ 
nedy are laid to have'introduced this fpecies in 1805, 
which is marked as a hardy annual in Hort. Kew. It 
differs from the lalt in being of more luxuriant growth, 
with larger floral leaves, the whole foliage being of a 
1 deeper 
