702 LOU 
three; Little Grimfby, three; North Ormefby, feven, 
north-weft ; Ludborough (near Wyliam, weft of Salfleet), 
fix ; Kelftern, fix, weft ; Ludford, nine ; at this place Ro¬ 
man coins have'been dug up; it is near Market Raifift ; 
Brough, eight; Gayton on the Would, fix; Cawkwell 
(ealt of Stanton), fix; Scamblefby, feven ; North Elking- 
ton.four; South Elkington, two ; Weiton, three; With- 
call, five ; Hallington, two, fouth-weft ; and Raithby, two. 
LOUTH, a county of Ireland, in the province ot Leinf- 
ter, bounded on the north by the county of Armagh, on 
the eaft by the Iri-fh Sea, on the fouth by Meath, and on 
tlte weft by Meath and Monaghan. It is the fnialleft 
county of Ireland, but very fertile and pleafant, and 
abounding with many remains of antiquities, of which 
Mr. Wright, in his Louthiana , has given a very ample de- 
fcription. It contains 111,180 Irilh plantation acres, 50 
parifhes, five baronies, and five boroughs ; and formerly 
returned ten members to parliament: it is about twenty- 
two miles in length from north to fouth, and from nine 
to fourteen in breadth from eaft to weft. It contains 
61 parifhes, upwards of 11,500 houfes, and about 57,750 
fouls. Except on the fide of Carlingford Bay, which is 
mountainous, the foil is in general rich and fertile. The 
principal towns are Drogheda, Carlingford, Dundalk, 
Ardee, and Dunleer. Two membefs are returned to the 
imperial' parliament for the county, and for Drogheda 
and Dundalk one each.— Louth, which gives name to 
the county, is a village, fix miles from Dundalk, with one 
annual fair. 
LOUTH, a townfliip of Upper Canada, weft of Gran¬ 
tham. and fronting Lake Ontario. 
LOU'THERBOURG (Philip James de), was born at 
Strafburg on the Rhine, Nov. 1, 174.0. His family was 
originally of Poland, where his anceftors had been enno¬ 
bled by king Sigifmund, whofe letters of nobility bear 
date at Warfaw, A. D. 1564 ; but, when the reformation 
began to fpread in that kingdom, about the year 1537, one 
branch of the family diflented from the church of Rome* 
and retired, to avoid impending periecution, into Swifler- 
land, where it continued, till, on Mr. de Loutherbourg’s 
father being appointed principal painter to the prince of 
Hanau Darmftadt, he removed to Strafburg. As Mr. de 
Loutherbourg’s father was a painter of eminence (who 
had been a difciple of Largilliere, the celebrated portrait- 
painter), it was natural to fuppofe he would have brought 
up his fan to that profeffion : however, that was not the 
cafe; his parents were divided in their deftination of their 
child’s future occupation. The one defigned he fnould 
be an engineer; and the other infifted on his being bred 
a Lutheran minifter. The difference of the two profef- 
fions was, indeed, very great; but, till that fhould be de¬ 
cided, it was relblved he fhould receive an education that 
fhould fit him for either. For this purpofehe was entered 
at the univeriity of Strafburg ; where he ftudied mathema¬ 
tics, to qualify him for an engineer ; and philofophy, lan¬ 
guages, and theology, to enable him to take orders. It is 
frequently feen that the intentions of parents for the efta- 
blifbment of their children are fruftrated, efpecially when 
the inclinations of the child are not eonfulted ; fo it was 
the cafe of young Philip. His genius led him to paint¬ 
ing; and, though he had made a rapid progrefs in mathe¬ 
matics and theology, particularly in the deepeft and moft 
abftrufe points of myftics, yet he fnatched every oppor¬ 
tunity to profecute his favourite ftudy: and, as he was 
firongly attached to chemiftry, he found, by following the 
principles of nature, a method of preparing and blending 
his colours (unknown to other artifts), by which they 
were rendered more vivid and durable, as one component 
part did not deftroy the effeft. of the other. Thus quali¬ 
fied by genius, learning, and induftry, he quitted Straf¬ 
burg, and went to Paris, where he became a difciple of 
the great Carlo Vanloo. Mr. de Loutherbourg, by keep¬ 
ing an attentive eye on nature, foon rofe to excellence. 
He liruck out a new manner peculiar to himfelf 5 for he 
feorned to be a fervile imitator of the manner of any maf- 
L O U 
ter, however excellent: he adopted the beauties of Vanlocf 
without copying his defefis ; his outline became free, his 
drawing correct, and his colouring rich. In a word, he 
gained the height of eminence fo early in life, that the 
Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture broke through 
the fundamental law in his favour, by elefling him an 
academician, in the year 1762, at the age of 22, when 
that law forbade any one from being a member till turned 
30. Indeed, he anticipated age by meritand, t hough 
younger in years than the letter of the law preferibed, he 
was more mature in art than the fpirit of it required ; and 
in 1782 flood the twenty-eighth in fenioriry of fifty-nine 
academicians. Five years after (1767), he was admitted 
a member of the Academy of Marfeilles. He quitted Pa¬ 
ris, and vifited thofe parts of Germany, Swifierland, and 
Italy, where he could obferve the moft perfect works of 
art, or the moft piHurefque views of nature; and about 
the year 1771 came to England, where his fame had ar¬ 
rived. He was foon particularly diftinguiihed by Mr. 
Garrick, who engaged him as fuperintendant of the ice- 
nery and machinery at Drury-lane ; which office he con- 
ftantly executed in fuch a ftyle and manner as almolt to 
realize fancy, and add to the iliufion of the drama. His 
other works, fefen in feveral exhibitions, and in the cabi¬ 
nets of royalty and nobility, have ft'amped his merit with 
a currency that will never fail. Nov. 28, 1781, he was 
elected a member of the Royal Academy of Arts in Lon¬ 
don. He died at his houfe at Hammerfmith, on the 11th 
of March, 1812. 
The various compofitions of Mr. de Loutherbourg— 
his historical pictures, battles, fea-pieces; landfcapes and 
convulfions of nature ; together with his vignettes for 
Macklin’s Bible—are fully known to the public; and his 
character is fully eftabjifhed ; but it will (till bear an ad¬ 
dition with thofe who knew that he was as amiable in 
private life ; fo that in him was happily blended the fcho- 
lar, the artift, and the gentleman. The greateft collec¬ 
tion of his productions, in this country, is in the poffel- 
fion of Henry Von Boadicoate, efq. of Hammerfmith. 
From a portrait of M. de L. painted by Ickle, a German 
artift, about twenty years ago, the engraving which ac¬ 
companies this article was taken, by permilfion of Mrs. de 
Loutherbourg. Mr. de L. has a monument in Chifwick 
church-yard, (which the reader will not forget contains 
the allies of Hogarth ;) with an epitaph written by Dr. 
Moody, which concludes as follows : 
Here, Loutherbourg, repofe thy laurel’d head ! 
While Art is cherifh’d, thou canft ne'er be dead : 
Salvator, Pouffin, Claude, thy ikill combines. 
And beauteous Nature lives in thy defigns. 
LOU'TISH, ad], Clownifh ; bumleinly,— 1 This Imitijk 
clown is fuch, that you never faw fo ill favoured a vifar: 
his behaviour fuch, that he is beyond the degree of ridi¬ 
culous. Sidney. 
LOU / TISHLY, adv. With the air of a clown; with 
the gait of a bumpkin. 
LOU'TRA (Great and Little), two final! Greek iflands 
in the gulf of Engia: feven miles north-weft of Ensrsa. 
LOUTZO'VA, a town of Ruffia, in the government of 
Irkutfk : terf miles north-eaft of Verchnei Udinfk. 
LOUVAPN, or Loe'ven, a city of France, in the de¬ 
partment of the Dyle, heretofore the capital of Brabant, 
founded, according to fome, by Julius Cafiar, according to 
others by one LupUs, who lived a long time before him 5 
but on this there can be no reliance, ~ It is however cer¬ 
tain, that Louvain was known in the year .885, w hen God¬ 
frey duke of Normandy, having ravaged the country, en¬ 
camped near the Dyle, on the plain of Louvain. The empe¬ 
ror Arnulph built a caftle to defend the country again# th* 
Normans, about this time, which was called laven^ and after¬ 
wards le Chateau de Cefar , or Ca;far’s Caftle, and was jong 
time the ordinary refidence of the dukes of Brabant; ip. this 
caftle Henry 1 . was aflalfinated in the year 1038 j Thierry, 
comte of Holland, was kept prisoner in she year taco; tits 
enspercf 
