LOW 
valuable treatife publifhed in 1740, entitled, “A Difierfa- 
tion on the Civil Government of the Hebrews : in which 
the true Defign and Nature of their Government are ex¬ 
plained ; and°the Juftice, Wifdom, and Goodnefs, of the 
Mofaical Conftitutions, are vindicated, in particular, from 
f'ome late unfair and falfe Reprefentations of them in the 
Moral Philo fopher,” 8vo. In the year 1745, Mr. Low- 
man publifhed “ A Paraphrafe and Notes upon the Reve¬ 
lation of St. John,” in 4to. which is defervedly held in 
the highelt efieem by the molt judicious critics, and con- 
fidered to exhibit the niolf unexceptionable fcbeme for 
interpreting this dark and enigmatical book. In 1748, 
our author gave to the world another work on Jewifh an¬ 
tiquities, entitled, “ A Rational of the Ritual of Hebrew 
Worfiiip; in which the wife Defigns and Ufefulnefs of 
thatRitual are explained, and vindicated from Objections,” 
8vo. This piece, as well as the former, reflects great cre¬ 
dit on Mr. Lowman’s judgment and penetration; and 
in both, many things will be found, not only curious, but 
entirely new. Tin author alfo acquired much applaufe 
by a little traft concerning “ The Demonftration of a 
God, from the Argument a priori." We have no recol¬ 
lection of any other of his productions, publifhed during 
his life, excepting a fermon, entitled, “The Principles of 
Popery fchilmatical;” which forms one of a collection of 
“ Sermons againtt Popery, preached at Salters’ Hall, in 
1735, by feveral Minifters,” iii 2 vols. 8vo:’ 
Some time before his death Mr. Lowman was feized 
with a painful diforder, under which his fufferings were 
very great; but he endured them with a fortitude and pa¬ 
tience becoming one who had the principles of religion 
and the profpeCts of Chriftianity to fupport him. He 
died in 1751, in the feventy-third year of his age. A 
few years after his death, Dr. Chandler, Dr. Lardner, and 
another of his friends, revifed and publifhed a work in¬ 
tended by himfelf for the prefs ; in which the fame learn- 
jng, ingenuity, and candour, are obfervable, as diftin- 
guifli his other writings. It is entitled, “ Three Tracts. 
I. Remarks upon this Quefiion ; Whether the Appear¬ 
ances under the Old Teftament were Appearances of the 
true God himfelf, or only of feme other fpiritual Being, 
reprefenting the true God, and afting in his name? II. 
An Effay on the Schcchinah ; or, Confiderations on the di¬ 
vine Appearances mentioned in the Scriptures. III. 
Texts of Scripture relating to the Logos considered.” 1756, 
8vo. 
LOW'N,/ [ liun, Irifh ; loen, Dut. a flupid drone.] A 
fcoundrel; a rafeal. Notinufe. 
King Stephen was a worthy peer, 
His breeches coft him but a crown : 
He thought them flxpence all too dear. 
And therefore call’d the taylor lown. Shakefpeare. 
LOW'ND, a village in Lincolnfhire, north of Stamford. 
__A village in Suffolk, near the coafl, between LoweftofF 
and Yarmouth. 
LO'WNESS, f. Contrariety to height; fmall diftance 
from the ground.—The lownefs of the bough where the 
fruit cometh, maketli the fruit greater, and to ripen bet¬ 
ter; for you (hall even fee, in apricots upon a wall, the 
greateft fruits towards the bottom. Bacon. —In Gothic ca¬ 
thedrals, the narrownefs of the arch makes it rife in height, 
the lownefs opens it in breadth. Addifon. 
They know 
By th’ height, the lownefs, or the mean, if dearth 
Or foizon follow. Skakcjp. Ant. and Cleopatra. 
Meannefs of charader or condition, whether mental or 
external: 
Nothing could have fubdu’d nature 
To fuch a lownefs but his unkind daughter. Shakefp. 
Now I mull 
To the young man (end humble treaties, 
And palter in the fhift of lownefs, Shakefpeare. 
LOW 711 
Want of rank 5 want of dignity.—-The name of fervants 
has of old been reckoned to imply a certain meannefs of 
mind, as well as lownefs of condition. South. —Want of 
fublimity; contrary to loftinefs of ftile or fentiment.— 
His ftile is accommodated to his fubjeCt, either high or 
low'; if his fault he too much lownefs, that of Perfius is 
the hardnefs of his metaphors. Dryden. —Subiniflivenefs. 
—The people- were in f uch lownefs of obedience as iubjeCts 
were like to yield, who had lived almoft four-and-twenty 
years under fo politic a king as his father. Bacon. —De- 
preffion ; dejection.—Hence that poverty and lownefs of 
lpirit to which a kingdom may be fubjeft, as well as a 
particular perfon. Swift. 
LOW'NSBOROUGH, a village in the eaft riding of 
Yorkfliire; north of Wigton. 
LO'WOSITZ, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of Leit- 
meritz. On the ift of Odober, 1756, a battle was fought 
near this place, between the Pruflians and the Saxons 
under the king of Poland, in which the latter were de¬ 
feated, with the lofs of upwards of 6000 men killed and 
wounded, and 500 prifoners. The Pruflians loft about 
2000 ; this was foon after followed by the furrender of the 
whole of the Saxon army. It is four miles weft-fouth- 
weft of Leitmeritz. Lat. 50. 30. N. Ion. 14. 9. E. 
LOWOWECH', or Neu'stat, a town of the ducky 
of Warfaw : thirty two miles weft of Pofen. 
LO W'REY, a town of Hindooftan, in the circar of Go- 
hud : thirty-fix miles eaft-fouth-eaft of Raat. 
LOWTA'IAH, a town of Algiers: twenty-feven miles 
fouth of Tubnah. 
LOW'TH (William), a very learned and eminent Eng- 
lifl) divine and commentator on the Scriptures, was the 
fon of an apothecary, and born in the parifii of St. Mar¬ 
tin’s, Ludgate, in the city of London, in the year 1661. 
The care of his early education was undertaken by his 
grandfather, the Rev. Simon Lowth, reCtor of Tylehurft 
in Berkftiire. Afterwards he was fent to Mercliant- 
Taylors’ fchool in London ; where he made fuch a ra¬ 
pid proficiency, that he was judged to be qualified for 
the univerfity before he was quite fourteen years cf 
age; and was ele&ed thence into St. John’s college, 
Oxford, in 1675. Here he purfued his Itudies with the 
greateft diligence; and acquired the efteem of his Aipe- 
riors and fellow collegians, both by his'literary improve¬ 
ment and excellent charaCIer. In 1683 lie was admitted 
to the degree of M.A. and proceeded bachelor of divinity 
in 1688. Four years afterwards he publifhed, “A Vin¬ 
dication of the divine Authority and Infpiration of the 
Old and. New Teltament, in anfwer to a Treatife lately 
tranflated out of French, entitled, Five Letters concern¬ 
ing the Infpiration of the Holy Scriptures;” 12100. Tliefe 
letters were written by the celebrated M. Le Clerc, though 
publifhed without his name. A fecond edition of Mr. 
Lowth’s treatife appeared in 1699, “With Amendments, 
and a ne\\ Preface, wherein the Antiquity of the Penta¬ 
teuch is aflerted and vindicated from fome late Object 
tions.” In the mean time, our author’s eminent worth, 
and his reputation as a fcholar, had recommended him to 
Dr. Mew, bifhop of Winchefter, and formerly prefident of 
St. John’s college, who made him his chaplain. By this 
patron he was promoted to a prebend in the cathedral 
church of Winchefter, in the year 1696; and prefented to 
the reCtory of Buriton, with the chap.l of Petersfieid, in 
Hamplhire, in 1699. The next piece which Mr. Lowth 
publifhed was an ufeful little traCt, which was very fa¬ 
vourably received, and has fince gone through feveral edi¬ 
tions^ it is entitled, “ Directions for the profitable Read¬ 
ing of the Holy Scriptures; together with Come Obierva- 
tionsfor the confirming their divine Authority, and llluf- 
trating the Difficulties thereof;” 1708. isino. I.n 17-14, he 
publifhed “ TwoSermons preached in the Cathedral Church 
of Winchefter, at the Afilzes ;” and in the fame year, “ A 
Commentary on the Prophet Ifaiali,”in 4to. This was fol¬ 
lowed by a Commentary on the Prophet Jeremiah, in s 718, 
S 4to. 
