716 
L U C 
was banilhed, and foon after put to death by her brother, 
in the 38th year of her age. 
LUCI'NA, a goddefs, daughter of Jupiter and Juno. 
As her mother brought her into the world, without pain, 
the became the goddefs whom women in labour invoked, 
and flie prefided over the birth of children. She re¬ 
ceives this name either from lucus, or from lux, as Ovid 
explains it: 
Gratia Lucira?, dedit hac tibi nomine lucus ; 
Aut quia prihcipium tu, dea, lucis kabcs. 
Some fuppofe her to be the fame as Diana and Juno, be- 
caufe thefe two goddefles were alfo Sometimes called Lu- 
cina, and prefided over the labours of women. She is 
called llilhya by the Greeks. She had a famous temple 
at Rome. Ovid. Fajl. 
LUCINIS'SA, a town of Germany, in the county of 
Goritz : four miles fouth of Goritz. 
LUCIN'IUM, / in botany. See Amyris. 
LUCI'NO, a river of Naples, which runs into the gulf 
ofTarento in lat. 39. 40. N. Ion. 16. 50. E. 
LU'CIO (St.) a town of Etrurian fourteen miles eaft- 
fouth-ealt of Leghorn. 
LUCIPA'RA, or Lusipara, a fmall barren ifland, in 
the Ealiern Indian Sea, near the fouth coalt of the ifland 
of Banca. Lat. 3. 14. S. Ion. 106. 20. E. 
LUCl'TO, a town of Naples, in the county of Molife: 
eleven miles north-ealf of Molife. 
LU'CIUS, a man’s name. 
LU'CIUS, a Scripture-n3me, mentioned Rom. xvi. 21. 
and ityled St. Paul’s kinfman, is, fay fome, the fame as Lu¬ 
cius the Cyrenian ; but the generality with more rea- 
fon dillinguifli them ; and others again fuppofe him and 
St. Luke to be the fame perfon, which feerns very cre¬ 
dible. See Luke. 
LU'CIUS op CYRE'NE, mentioned Affs xiii. 1. was 
one of the prophets of the Chriflian church at Antioch. 
Some believe Lucius to have been one of the feventy. 
Ufuardus and Ado affert, that the apoftles ordained him 
firft bifhop of Cyrene. The Latins honour him on the 
6th of May. 
LU'CIUS I. (Pope), fucceeded to the fee of Rome upon 
the death of Cornelius, in the year 252. In this flate- 
ment Jerome and Eufebius concur ; while the latter adds, 
that he did not prelide over the Roman church quite 
eight months. At prefent, the day of his ordination and 
the duration of his epifcopate are reckoned uncertain. 
Bifliop Pearfon thought it probable, that he was ordained 
on the twenty-fifth of September, and fat five whole 
months and ten days, dying on the fourth of March 253 ; 
which hypothefis nearly agrees with the conjectures of 
other modern writers. He was banifhed from Rome im¬ 
mediately after his ordination, under the reign of Gallus ; 
but he foon returned, to the great joy of his flock, who 
crowded to meet him. On this occaflon St. Cyprian 
wrote him a letter, congratulating him upon his return 
from his exile, as he fays he had done before upon his ordi¬ 
nation and confeflion. In this letter St. Cyprian obferves, 
that he was perhaps recalled to be immolated in the light 
of his flock, that they might be encouraged and animated 
by his Chriltian conftanty and refolution. In a letter af¬ 
terwards written to pope Stephen, Cyprian calls Lucius a 
martyr-, but the ancient writers are filetit on the fubjedt 
of his death ; and perhaps the expreflion is not to be un¬ 
derflood llriftly, but would be more properly rendered a 
confejfor. 
LU'CIUS II. (Pope), formerly called Gerard de Caccia- 
■nemici, was railed to that dignity on the death of Celef- 
tine II. in the year 1144 He was a native of Bologna, who 
embraced the ecclefiaftical life among the canons regular of 
St. Auguftine. In the year 1125, pope Honorius II. cre¬ 
ated him a cardinal, by the title ot Cardinal of the holy crofs 
at Jerufalem, and appointed him librarian of the Roman 
church, By pope Innocent II, he was nominated chancel- 
LUC 
lor of the fame. Being made governor of Beneventum by 
pope Innocent,in 1132, he bravely defended that city againfl: 
the army of Roger king of Sicily. A little before the death; 
of Innocent II. the Romans threw off the papal yoke in¬ 
temporal matters, reftoring the fenate, and creating their 
own magiftrates, to whom alone they would yield obe¬ 
dience. This attempt to recover their ancient liberties 
they perfifted in after the election of Lucius, whom they 
acknowledged for lawful pope, but would not own him 
for their fovereign. They maintained that it was incon¬ 
fident with the profeflion of the clergy, that they Ihould- 
poflefs lordfhips, c-Aates, or temporal dominion ; and that 
they ought to content themfelves with fuch decent fub- 
filtence as they might derive from voluntary tythes and 
oblations. To Lucius, as their bilhop, they paid all due 
relpeft ; but foon after his election, aflembling in the ca- 
pitol, they velted the patrician dignity in one of their own 
body, and fubmitted to him as their prince. In thefe cir- 
cumftances, finding himfelf unable to oppofe them, Lu¬ 
cius wrote to Conrad king of Germany, imploring his 
protection in very humble terms. At the fame time the 
Romans alfo fent letters and an embalfv to that prince, to 
invite him to take poffeflion of the metropolis of the em¬ 
pire, which they had refeued from the flavery under which 
it had long groaned, and were ready to deliver up to him 
as their liege lord and fovereign. They likewife entreated 
him to fix his refidence at Rome, and to reftore that city, 
which had been the feat of the empire till it was ufurped 
by the popes, to its ancient fplendour. Thefe tranfaffions 
remind us of fome recent events. To their application 
Conrad paid no regard ; but he treated cardinal Guido, 
the bearer of the pope’s letter, with the utmoit marks of 
refpedt, and exprefied great concern at not being in a 
condition to fend his holinefs any afliftance. Notwith- 
ftanding that Lucius was thus deprived of all hope of re¬ 
lief from the king of Germany, yet, being able no longer 
to brook the haughty behaviour of the fenate and their 
patrician, who treated him as their fubjedt, he determined, 
wdth the afliftance of his friends in Rome and the neigh¬ 
bourhood, to attempt the recovery of his temporal power. 
Accordingly, having aflembied a body of troops, he put 
himfelf at their head, and marched againfl the Capitol, 
where the fenate was fitting. He met, however, with fo 
vigorous a refiftance from the Roman people, that his 
troops were repulfed ; and, while he was endeavouring to 
encourage them, he received fo fevere a wound from a 
Itone, that he died a few days afterwards. This event 
took place in February 1145, after a pontificate of be¬ 
tween eleven and twelve months. Ten of his Letters are 
extant in the tenth vol. of the Colledt. Concil. and two 
in the fecond volume of Baluze’s Mifcellanea. Cave's Hijl, 
Lit. vol. ii 
LU'CIUS III. (pope), originally named Humbaldo Allu - 
cingoli, was a native of Lucca. Having been educated to 
the church, he firlt obtained a canonry in the cathedral 
of that city ; and in the year 1142 was created cai’dinal- 
prieft by Innocent II. Adrian IV. fent him legate into 
Sicily, where he maintained the interefls of the holy fee 
with great zeal and prudence, and on his return was no¬ 
minated bifhop of Oltia. In thevear 1177, pope Alexan¬ 
der III. appointed him his legate to the emperor Frederic 
Barbarofla, where by his negotiations he prepared the way 
for the reconciliation which took place between the em¬ 
peror and the pope at Venice, in the lame year. About 
that time we find that he was dean of the facred college. 
In the year 1181, upon the death of Alexander III. Hum¬ 
baldo was cholen his fucceflor in the papacy, and at his 
confecration took the name of Lucius. At his election, 
the decree of the Lateran council was put into execution 
for the firlt time, which declared the concurrence of two 
thirds Of the electors prefent fufficient to render an election 
valid ; and he was the firlt pope who was elected by the 
cardinals alone, to the excluiion of the people and clergy, 
who had hitherto taken a part in the choice of a new 
pope. 
