7 56 L U D 
teen ; Kington, twenty-two ; Knigliton, fixteen ; Clun, 
fixteen ; Biffiop’s Cattle, feventeen ; and London, 14.2. 
Lat. 52.25. N. Ion. 2. 48. W. 
In the neighbourhood of Ludlow are feveral pleafant 
villages and feats.'—In the village of Bminefield are the 
remains of a cell of Benediftine monks, formerly belong¬ 
ing to the abbey of St. Peter, Gloucefter. Thefe ruins 
Hand on a delightful fituation within the grounds of 
O akley Park, the relidence of the dowager lady Clive.— 
Richard’s Cattle lies about three miles from Ludlow. 
The town contiguous was originally called Gayton, or 
Boytane ; but the luftre of the cattle afterwards eclipfed 
that name, and it is now called by the'fame appellation as 
the cattle. This was once a place of confiderable impor¬ 
tance, as is evident from feveral old Records prior to the 
time of Henry II. when it began to decay, in fpite of the 
exertions of the noble family of Mortimer to fupport its 
declining ftate. Some part of the keep and walls of the 
cattle are (tilt remaining.—About four miles north-wett 
of the town is Dowton Cattle, the feat of Mr. Knight, 
brother to R. P. Knight, author of a poem called the 
I.andfcape, and of feveral other literary productions. 
This gentleman built an irregular and fingular manfion 
here, and called it a cattle. Healfo laid out the grounds, 
immediately adjoining the houfe, in a (tyle correfponding 
to his theoretical principles of the pifturefque. On this 
l’ubject Mr. Knight and his friend Mr. Price have pub- 
liflied fome effays. The grounds and woods of this 
demefne are particularly bold, grand, and diverfified.—At 
Benford, eight miles diftant, is a monument for Eliza¬ 
beth, daughter of John of Gaunt, and filter to Henry IV. 
whole Jaft hutband was fir John Cornwall; the died 1426. 
Briti/h Direttory ; Oldfield's Hifi. of Boroughs ; Byrne's Antiq. 
of Great Britain 5 Price's Ludlow Guide ; Hodges's Account of 
Ludlow Cajlle. 
LUD'LOW, a townfhip of America, in Hampfhire 
county, Maffachufetts: ninety miles welt of Bolton ; in¬ 
corporated in 1784, and containing 650 inhabitants.— 
Alfo, a townfhip on Black River, Windfor County, Ver¬ 
mont, containing 410 inhabitants: ten or twelve miles 
weft of Weathersfield, on Connecticut River. 
LUD'LOW (Edmund), a diltinguithed leader of the re¬ 
publican party in the civil wars of Charles I. was de¬ 
scended from a family of rank originally fettled in Shrop- 
thire, but removed to the county of Wilts. He was born 
about 1620, at Maiden-Bradley in that county, being the 
eldeft fon of lir Henry Ludlow, lent. He received his aca¬ 
demical education at Trinity-college, Oxford, whence he 
was removed to the Temple for the ftudy of the law. His 
father, who was chofen a reprefentative for Wiltftiire to 
the long parliament of 1640, having joined the party in 
oppofition to the court, Edmund warmly adopted the 
fame principles, and entered into a military affociation 
among the ftudents of the law, with molt of whom he 
joined the army as one of the life-guards of the earl of 
Efiex. In this fituation he was prefent at the battle of 
Edge-hill, in which it appears that he endured much per- 
fonal fatigue and fuffering. Speaking of the night after 
the battle, he fays, “No man nor horfe got any meat that 
night, and I had touched none fince the Saturday before ; 
(this was Monday ;) neither could I find my fervant, who 
had my cloak, fo that, having nothing to keep me warm 
but a fuit of iron, I was obliged to walk about all night, 
which proved very cold by reafon of a ftiarp froft.” And 
he farther adds, “ When I got meat, I could fcarccly eat 
it, my jaws, for want of ufe, having lolt almofi their na¬ 
tural faculty.” Soon after this, Ludlow railed a troop of 
horfe, which he commanded at the fiege of Wardourcaf- 
tle. Of this fortrefs, when taken, he was made governor, 
and he held it ten months againft all the eft'orts of the 
king’s party, till it was battered to ruins. He was taken 
prifoner on its furrender, but was loon exchanged, and 
then appointed by the parliament Iherift’of the county of 
Wilts. He took a commiftion under fir William Waller, 
was prefent at the fecond battle of Newbury, and at feve- 
L O W. 
ral other important actions, in which he difplayed equal 
valour and good conduit. When the leaders of the pref- 
byterian party were thrown out of power by the felf- 
denying ordinance, Ludlow feceded with them, and re¬ 
mained without public employment till he was chofen, in 
1645, knight of the fhire for the county of Wilts in the 
place of his father, who died two years before- At this 
period the plans of Cromwell began to be developed, and 
Ludlow was one of thofe who oppofed them with the 
greateft firmnefs and opennefs. He thought it neceftary, 
however, in order to eftablifh his favourite republic, to 
join with the army againft the parliament, when the lat¬ 
ter had voted that the king’s concefiions were ground 
for a treaty ; and he was aflive in the arbitrary meafure 
of purging the houfe by excluding the members who had 
promoted that vote. He was one of thofe who, according 
to his own expreftion, “had the honour” of fitting in 
judgment upon the king. Soon after that event he mar¬ 
ried, and with his wife’s portion and part of his patri¬ 
mony made a purchafe of two manors in Wiltftiire out of 
the alienated dean-and-chapter lands. Cromwell, proba¬ 
bly for the purpofe of keeping him out of his way, caufed 
him to be nominated lieutenant-general of horfe in Ire¬ 
land, and one of the commiftioners for civil affairs in that 
kingdom. He arrived there in the beginning of 1650; 
and,joining the army under lord-deputy Ireton, performed 
many fervices with great vigour and ability. After the 
death of Ireton, the chief command ol the army devolved 
upon Ludlow; but, as he continued to oppofe the ambi¬ 
tious fchemes of Cromwell, he was fuperfeded by Fleet- 
wood. After fome delay, he was permitted to come 
to London, where he had a long conference with Crom¬ 
well and his principal partifans. In this he maintained, 
with great freedom and pretence of mind, the republican 
principles upon which he acted, and could not be induced 
to make any abfolute engagement for his future fubraif- 
fion : he denied he had done any thing contrary to law, 
and refufed to owe his liberty to compliance with an un¬ 
juft requifition : in the end, his brother Thomas was in¬ 
duced to engage for him, though without his confent ; and 
lie went into Effex, where he continued till Cromwell’s 
death. When Richard was declared protestor, Ludlow', 
with other republicans, joined the army-party of Walling- 
ford-houfe, and was inftrumental in the reftoration of the 
long parliament, in which he took his former feat. He 
was appointed one of the committee of fafety, and had 
the command of a regiment. His attachment to the par¬ 
liament, however, rendering him fufpedled by the army- 
fattion, whofe defigns he thwarted, he was again fent to 
Ireland as commander-in-chief of the forces there. He 
arrived at Dublin in Auguft 1659, and immediately took 
meafures to fix the officers in the intereft of the parlia¬ 
ment. When he found things taking a decided turn to¬ 
wards monarchy, he haftened to London with a view of pre¬ 
venting this change ; and, when he found the effort hope- 
lefs, and that the tide of public inclination in favour of a 
king was irrefiftible, he began to confider of his own fafety. 
His name was not among the (even excepted in the bill of 
indemnity; neverthelefs, the proclamation refpedling the 
perfons who fat in judgment on the late king Charles 
filled him with juft apprehenfion ; and, notwithftanding the 
remonftrances of his friends to the contrary, he deter¬ 
mined, as his fafeft courfe, to withdraw from the king¬ 
dom. He landed at Dieppe in 1660, whence he proceeded 
to Geneva, where he was joined by two other perfons 
who had likewife been judges of the late king ; but, think¬ 
ing themfelves not fufficiently fecure, they withdrew into 
Swifferland. Even here, the vengeance of the royal fa¬ 
mily purfued the regicides, fome of whom were aftually 
affaffinated by the agents of the Engliffi government; an 
attempt was made againft the life of Ludlow, but, being 
difeovered, he evaded the blow, and paffed the remainder 
of his life in the neighbourhood of Berne, highly refpeff- 
ed and efteemed by the magiftrates and people of that 
city, as well for his private virtues as Bis public charac- 
