L U B 
ter. Ea 1689 lie ventured to eome ever to England, and 
appear openly in London ; but, a motion being made in 
the houl'e of commons for an addrefs to the king to iffue 
a proclamation for his apprehenfion, he returned to the 
continent, and clofed his life in exile, at the age of fe- 
venty-three. A monument was erected to his memory, 
in the principal church at Vevay, by his widow, who had 
been the faithful and courageous partner in all his for¬ 
tunes. 'Edmund Ludlow was undoubtedly one of the 
purell and mod difinterefted perfons who flourithed in 
thofe times. He was equitable and humane, calm and 
fedate, yet refolute; virtuous without aufterity, and pious 
without fanaticifm. His “ Memoirs” were firtt printed at 
Vevay, in 2 vois. 8vo. 1698, to which, in the following 
year, another volume was added. They were reprinted 
in one volume folio, London 1751 ; to this edition was 
added “The Cafe of King Charles I.” drawn up by John 
Cook, folicitor to the high court of juftice on his trial. 
In the fame year, the work was printed in 3 vols. umo, 
at Edinburgh. An edition in 4to. was publithed in 1771. 
The Memoirs contain an account of the author’s own 
tranfaftions during the civil wars, and the fuhfequent pe¬ 
riod, together with many particulars relative to the gene¬ 
ral hiltory of the times, written in a clear, interefting, and 
unaffected, ftyle. Biog. Brit. Ludlow's Memoirs. 
LU'DOLF (Jo’o), a learned orientalift, was born in 
1624, of an ancient family, at Erfurt in Thuringia. He 
was educated in the univerfity of his native place, and 
particularly attended to the ftudy of juriiprudence, and of 
the learned languages, efpecially thofe of the eaft. For 
the purpofe of inftrmtion, he travelled into feveral coun¬ 
tries of Europe; and, after an abfence of fix years, re¬ 
turned to Erfurt. He exercifed there during eighteen 
years the functions of a counfellor, and was frequently 
deputed to affilt at the diets held upon the fubject of the 
contefts between the dukes of Saxony and the archbithops 
of Mentz. Wearied at length with public bufinefs, and 
impatient to devote himfelf entirely to his ftudies, he ob¬ 
tained his difmillion from Frederic duke of Saxony, who 
granted him the title of honorary counfellor. He chofe 
for the place of his retreat the city of Frankfort on the 
Mayr.e ; but fcarcely had he fettled his family there, when 
the elector-palatine placed him at the head of his finances.. 
In his fervice he made two journeys to France, where he 
confulted the libraries of Paris, in order to obtain every 
information connected with his favourite oriental ftudies. 
At length he returned to Frankfort, and employed him¬ 
felf for the remainder of his life in finiftiing and reviling 
the different works he had compofed. He died in 1704, 
at the age of eighty, in univerfal efteem, as well for his 
virtues as his talents. He pofteffed a great fund of know¬ 
ledge, acquired by indefatigable induttry ; and was equally 
fitted for the difpatch of public bufinefs, and the retired 
purfuits of the clofet.. Of the numerous writings of Lu¬ 
dolf, the principal are, 1. Hiftoria AJthiopica, folio, 1681. 
2. A Commentary on the fame, folio, 1691. 3. An Ap¬ 
pendix to the fame, 4to. 1693. In thefe works the hitfory, 
religion, and manners, of the Ethiopians, are detailed at 
length ; and, thoqgh fome errors and inaccuracies have 
been pointed out, they are allowed to contain a great 
mafs of authentic information. 4. An Abyffinian Gram¬ 
mar and Dictionary, folio, 1698. 5. Differtatio de Lo- 
cuftis, folio, 1694. 6. Fafti Ecclefice Alexandrine, folio, 
1691. 7. De Bello Turcico feliciter Conficiendo, 4to. 
1686. Moreri. 
LU'DOLF (Henry-William), nephew of the preceding, 
and a learned as well as pious writer, was born at Erfurt 
in the year 1655. His father, who was a counfellor of 
that city, gave him a liberal education ; arid his uncle in- 
itruCted him in the oriental languages, particularly the 
Hebrew and the Arabic, in which he became a contider- 
able proficient. He obtained the poll of fecretary to M. 
Lenthe, envoy from Ghriflian V. king of Denmark to the 
court of Great Britain ; who was fo well fatisfied with 
lire:.manner in which he acquitted himfelf in that em- 
Vol. XIII. No. 942. 
ployinent, that he afterwards recommended him to prince 
George of Denmark, who in 1680 appointed him his fe¬ 
cretary. This fituation he retained for fome years, till 
the attack of a violent diforder rendered him incapable of 
d-ifcharging its duties ; when he was permitted to retire, 
with a handfome penfion. Upon his recovery, he refolved 
to vilit foreign countries, and particularly fuch as were 
little known to travellers, that he might become ac¬ 
quainted with their manners, and learn their languages. 
Rufina was the firft country of this defcription which ex¬ 
cited his curiofity 5 and, as he had acquired fome know¬ 
ledge of the Ruffian language before he left England, he 
was foon able to converfe with the natives, and met with 
a polite reception from the principal perfons in that coun¬ 
try. As he underftood muiic, and w'as an able performer 
on feveral inftruments, he had the honour to difplay his 
accomplithments in this art before the czar at Mofcow, 
to the great furprife and delight of that prince. The va¬ 
rious knowledge, likewife, which he difcovered in his 
converfations with rhe Ruffian clergy, ltd them to con- 
fider him as a prodigy of learning ; and particularly the 
facility with which he difcourfed in the Hebrew tongue, 
with fome Jews who were in that country. Upon his re¬ 
turn to London in 1694, he was obliged to undergo the' 
operation of cutting tor the ftone; and as foon as his 
health would permit he fet about the compofition of “A 
Ruffian Grammar,” intended for the ule not only of 
traders and travellers, but of the natives themfelves, by 
exhibiting the principles of their language in a more re¬ 
gular form than had been before laid down. This work 
was printed at the Oxford univerfity prefs, and publithed 
in 1696. Ludolf’s curiofity now determined him to take 
a voyage into the eaft, that he might obtain information 
concerning the (fate of the Chriftian church in the Levant. 
He arrived at Smyrna in November 1698; whence ho 
went to Jaffa, from Jaffa to Jerufalem, and from Jerufalera 
to Cairo; making uteful obfervations on the productions 
of nature and art, and carefully examining the ftate of 
government and religion in the different countries through 
which he palled. An anecdote which he relates of a con- 
verfation which took place between him and the com¬ 
mander of a Turkilh veifel, on-board of which he had 
taken his paffage for Alexandria, is not unworthy of be¬ 
ing preferved. He was one day reading aloud our Sa¬ 
viour’s fermon in the mount, out of the Arabic verfioa 
of the New Teftament, which had been printed at the ex- 
penfe of Mr. Boyle; when the captain, after having lis¬ 
tened for fome time, atked him, “ What book that was ?” 
Upon his anfvvering, that “ it was the fyttem of the Chrif¬ 
tian religion 5” the captain replied, “that could not pof- 
fibly be true, fince the practice of the Chriftians was di¬ 
rectly the reverfe.” To this Ludolf rejoined, that “ he 
was miftaken, and that it was eafy to account for his be¬ 
ing fo ; fince the Turks had little opportunity of con¬ 
verting with, or obferving the manners of, any other Chrif¬ 
tians than failors or merchants, who were too commonly 
a difgrace to their religion.” With this anfwer the Turk 
appeared to be well fatisfied, and afterwards treated our 
traveller with great civility and kindnefs. As foon as 
Ludolf had returned to England, his reflections on the 
deplorable ftate of Chriftianity among thofe who proftffed 
that religion under the Tuikith government induced him 
to undertake an impreffion of the New Teftament in the 
vulgar Greek, and to prefent it to the members of the 
Greek church. In the year 1709, Lqdolf was appointed 
by queen Anne one of the commiffioners for managing 
the charities collected for the relief of the poor Palatines, 
whom the levere exactions of the French, and the cala¬ 
mities of war, had driven from their native country. He 
died in the year 1710, in the fifty-fifth year of his age. 
Befides his Ruffian Grammar, he was the author of, a. 
Meditations on Retirement from the World. 3. Medita¬ 
tions upon divers Subjects, tending to promote the in¬ 
ward Life of Faith, &c. 4. Contiderations on the In- 
tereft of the Church Univerfal. 5. A Propofd for pro- 
9 & mating 
