763 LUC 
LUGA'NO, the capital of the fore-mentioned bailiwie 
or diftrift, is a final), tolerably-built, trading town, de¬ 
lightfully fituated round the curve of a bay, and backed 
by a fucceffion of hills, riling in gentle fwells to a confi- 
derable height. In front a bold mountain clothed with 
forelt projects into the lake, of which a noble branch ex¬ 
tends to its right and left. To that fpot boats of various 
fiz-es are continually palling and repalling; its bafe being 
perforated with cantine, or caverns, to which the inhabi¬ 
tants fend their meat, and all forts of provilion, where it 
is kept untainted for feven or eight days, and the wine 
preferved with delicious coolnefs. The heats are mode¬ 
rated by the furrounding hills, and the cool breezes from 
the lake. It is no lefs fheltered from the. alpine blafts, 
which, chilled by the neighbouring fnows, would-other- 
wife deftroy the temperature of this equal climate. Olive, 
almond, and all the fouthern fruits ripen here to perfec¬ 
tion. Lugano is the emporium of the greater part of the 
merchandife which pafies from Italy over the St. Gothard, 
or the Bernardin. At the end of autumn, the Swifs 
mountaineers bring down numerous herds of cattle for 
fale, and return with lefs bulky commodities. The town 
contains about 8000 inhabitants; moft of the houfes are 
built of tuf-ftone ; the refidence of the capitano, or go¬ 
vernor, is a low building; and on the walls are the arms 
of the twelve regent cantons. On an eminence above the 
town (lands the principal church, remarkable only for the 
beautiful carvings in Hone round the doors and rofe-window, 
and for the delicious profpeift from its towers. In the 
cloifter of the Recollets is a capital picture attributed to 
Luvino ; their church is handfome, and the fkreen is or¬ 
namented with the paintings of the Paftion by the fame 
■ mafter. It is lixteen miles north-weft of Como. Lat. 45. 
50.N. Ion.8. 53. E. 
LUGA'NO (Lake of), a lake adjoining to the town 
above defcribed, about twenty-five miles in length, and 
from two to four in breadth ; its form is irregular, and 
bending into continued finuofities. From Porto, a fmall 
village fituated at its fouthern extremity, an arm of the 
Jake bends northward, and difcharges itfelf into the Lago 
IVIaggiore, by means of the river Trifa. It is lcarcely 
pofiible, fays Mr. Coxe, to imagine a more perfeft or 
greater variety of beauties than this noble piece of water 
affords. The vail overhanging woods, the bold precipices, 
the tranfparency of the water, unite to form a fcenery in 
the highelt degree luxuriant. This lake isabout one hun¬ 
dred and ninety feet perpendicular higher than the Lake 
of Como and Lago Maggiore. The two iaft mentioned 
lakes are of the fame level, and about two hundred and 
forty feet higher than the city of Milan. Coxe's Swijer- 
land, vol. iii. 
LU'GAR NUE'VO, a town of Spain, in Valencia, on 
the coaft : eight miles fouth of Allcant. 
LUGAR'BEN, a town of Prufiia, in the province of 
Natangen : thirty-fix miles fouth-eaft of Koniglberg. 
LUG'DE, or Lu'de, a town of Weftphalia, in the bi- 
fhopric of Paderborn, on the Eramer: twenty-four miles 
north-north-eaft of Paderborn, and two fouth-weft of'Pyr- 
mont. Lat. 51.55. N. Ion. 9. 18. E. 
LUGDU'NUM, in ancient geography, the capital of 
the Segufiani in Gallia Celtica, fituated at the conflux of 
the Arar and Rhodanus, on an eminence, as the Celtic term 
dune lignifies; built by Manutius Plancus under Auguftus, 
while commanding in that part of Gaul; and whither he 
led a colony. Now Lyons, in France. 
LUGDU'NUM BATAVO'RUM, a town of the Batavi 
in Gallia Belgica. New Leyden, in Holland. 
LUGDU'NUM CONVERA'RUM, a town of Gaul, in 
Aquitain, at the foot of the Pyrenees. Now St. Bertrand, 
in Gafcony. 
LU'GE, a river of the duchy of Bremen, which runs 
into the Elbe fix miles north-eaft of Stade, in lat. 53. 37. 
N. Ion. 9. 33. E. 
LUGE'US LA'CUS, in ancient geography, a lake of 
Japydia, the wefttnoft diftrift of Illyricum, to the fouth 
LUG 
of the Save, and near the head of the Arfia, Now com- 
monly called the Zirichnitz Lake, from a fmall adjoining 
town. It is locked on every fide with mountains, from 
which fcanty currents run down ; the lefs in quantity are 
their waters, becaufe drunk up by the earth ; till at length 
they are iwallowed up in rocky furrows, fo formed as to 
refemble artificial. In thefe the water being fo redundant 
as to refufe receiving any more, they regurgitate, and re¬ 
turn the water with extraordinary celerity, which, thus 
fpreading itfelf, forms a lake, in moft places eighteen cu¬ 
bits deep. Thefe waters afterwards retire with no lefs 
celerity than they came on, not only through the furrows, 
but pafs through the whole of the bottom, as through a 
fieve; which, when perceived by the inhabitants, they di¬ 
rectly flop up the larger apertures, and thus take large 
quantities of fifin ; when the lake is dry", they cut down 
their harvelt on the fpot where they fowed, and fow again 
before the inundation comes on ; and grafs lhoots fo quick 
on it, that it may be cut down in three weeks time. 
LUG'GAGE,y. [from lugd] Any thing cumbrous and 
unwieldly, that is to be carried away; any thing of more 
weight than value.—I am gathering up my luggage, and 
preparing for my journey. Swift to Pope. 
A lively faith will bear aloft the mind, 
And leave the luggage of good works behind. Drydert. 
LUG'GERSH ALL, Lud'gershall, or Lur'ger- 
shall, a village in Wiltihire, twelve miles north of 
Salilbury, and leventy-five north by weft of London. 
It is fituated near the forelt of Chute, in a' delightful 
country ; and was the refidence of feveral kings. On the 
neighbouring downs there ufed to be horfe-races. It has 
a fair on the 25th of July. 
The principal object of curiofity, or hillorical intereft, 
in this place, is its caftle, built in 1197 ; a fmall fragment 
of which only remains. According to a legendary ac¬ 
count, but which is not entitled to much credit, this for- 
trefs was ereCted by king Lud, and thence obtained the 
namd of Lud-garsJiall. Stow, in his Annals, relates that 
Richard I. gave this caftle, with another at Marlborough, 
to his brother John, in the firft year of his reign. Gough, 
in his additions to Camden’s Britannia, Hates that it be¬ 
longed to “ Geofrey Fitz-Piers, the wealthy chief-jultice 
of England, and earl of Elfex.” It w'as poffeffed by this 
family till the reign of Henry III. when Jollan de Nevill 
was appointed its governor. In the reign of Edward III. 
the manor, cattle, &c. were veiled in John lord Molins, 
who obtained a grant from that monarch to impark the 
woods with one. hundred acres adjoining. See Grofe’s 
Antiquities of England, and Britton’s Beauties of Wilt- 
lhire, vol. ii. 
Luggerfhall is an ancient borough by prefcription, go¬ 
verned by a bailiff, annually chofen at the court-leet of 
the lord of the manor. This borough, which lent to all 
the parliaments in the reign of king Edward I. made three 
returns in the reign of Edward II. and three in the reign 
of Edward III. ceafed fending alter 9 Richard II. till 
9 Henry V. The right of election is of a very compli¬ 
cated kind, “ being in fuch perfons who have any eltate 
of inheritance, or freehold or leafehold, determinable upon 
life or lives, within the borough, not confined to entire 
ancient houfes, or the fites of ancient houfes, within the 
faid borough.” The majority of thefe eltates was for¬ 
merly the property of George Augultus Selwyn, efq. of 
facetious memory ; of whole demile they defcen'ded to the 
late lord vifcount Sydney: the minority of them was the 
property of Mr. Everett, a banker in London. This di- 
vifion of local fuffrage has been the caule of litigation 
between the parties, and has produced feveral petitions to 
the houfe of commons. The matter in queltion, between 
the contending parties, depends upon the legality of fplit- 
ting thofe eltates to which the right of voting is annexed 1 
the number of votes, in Browne Willis’s time, was fe- 
venfy ; but they are now divided into one hundred and 
forty-nine, and are held by the tenants and friends of the - 
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