L U N 
LU'NEN, a town of Germany, in the county of Mark, 
at the conflux of the Zefick and Lippe: twenty miles 
fouth-fouth-weft of Munller. Lat. 51. 36. N. Ion. 7. 
37. E. 
LU'NEN, a town of Germany, in the county of Verden : 
three miles north-north-welt of Rotenburg. 
LU'NENBURG, or Lu'neburg Zel'le, a principality 
of Wellphalia, bounded on the north by the duchy of 
Lauenburg and the Elbe, on the eaft by the duchies of 
Brunfwick and Mecklenburg, on the fouth by the prin¬ 
cipality of Calenberg and the duchy of Brunfwick, and 
on the welt by the duchies of Bremen and Verden, the 
county of Koya, and the principality of Calenberg. The 
foil here is various ; along the Elbe, the Aller, the Jetze, 
and fome other fmall rivers, are fruitful marfh-lands; but 
other parts of it, to the amount of upwards of three 
thoufand acres, are Tandy; others again conlilt of heaths, 
others of turf-moors, and fome are fwainpy. The worlt 
parts in it are towards its centre, through which lie the 
main roads. Agreeably to the diverlity of its foil, it 
produces wheat, rye, barley, oats, peafe, buck-wheat, 
flax, hemp, hops, garden-fluff, oak, beech, firs, pines, 
birch, and elder. Some bailiwics do not produce a fuf- 
ficiency of wheat, but ethers again have a fuperfluiry 5 
fome likewife breed but few horned cattle and hones, 
though they abound in others. The heaths are covered 
with^numerous flocks of a fmall kind of (heep, having 
long coarfe wool. The culture of bees on them is fuch, 
as to yield confiderable quantities of honey and wax. 
The rivers afford plenty of good fifh. Lunenburg abounds 
in excellent lime-flone, and very profitable falt-fprings. 
The Elbe, which traverfes the eaft and north Tides of 
this principality, is of great advantage to it, by ferti¬ 
lizing the adjacent marfh-lands, as alio with relpeff to 
its fisheries, navigation, and tolls. Other rivers are the 
jetze, the Old Mark, the litnennu, the Lufiie, the Seeve, 
the Aller, &c. In this principality are three large towns, 
namely, Lunenburg, Velzen, and Zelle, with eleven 
fmaller, and thirteen boroughs, or large villages. The 
principal manufactures and fabrics in this principality are 
thofe of linen, cotton, cloth, ribbons, dockings, and hats. 
This principality was formed out of the hereditary lands 
of the Biliuiigs, one of whom was by the emperor Otho I. 
created duke of Saxony. His male iffue failed in the per- 
fonof duke Magnus, by whofe eldeft daughter Wulfhild, 
the hereditary eftates of the houfe of Billung came to her 
inifband Henry the Black, duke of Bavaria, and his de- 
feendants. This principality entitled the king of Great 
Britain to both a feat and voice in the college of the princes 
of the empire, and the circle of Lower Saxony. Its ma- 
tricular aflefiment was ao horfe, and 120 foot, or 720 flo¬ 
rins per month. By the peace of Tilfit, (1807 ) this 
principality was annexed to the then-created kingdom of 
Wellphalia, now’ no more ; and may loon perhaps form a 
part of the now-created (Oct. 1814.) kingdom of Hanover. 
LU'NENBURG, or Lu'neburg, a city of Wellphalia, 
capital of the principality, iituated on the Ilmenau, fur- 
rounded with moats and walls, fortified with'towers, and 
containing three churches, about 1300 houfes, and 9000 
inhabitants. It has alfo three hofpitals, of which two con¬ 
tain each a church. The prince’s palace and the guild¬ 
hall are in the market-place. The anatomical theatre was 
built in 1713; and an academy for martial exercifes was 
founded on the life of the convent of St. Michael, which 
was fuppreIfed. The burghers confift of four orders ; the 
patricians, the brewers, the merchants and tradefmen, 
and the artifans; and to thefe four clalfes fome others 
might be added. Since the year 1639, the magistracy has 
been compofed of one moiety of patricians, and of another 
of men of letters. The Salze, v\ hich is. a diltimfl part of 
the town, enclofed by walls, has .its own leparate magif- 
tracy. This part confilts of fifty-four fmall houfes, lunk 
in the ground, in each of which are four large leaden 
pans, containing brine, which is left to exhale for the 
manufacture of fait; and the falt-water is conveyed into 
them by a common pipe from the ieveral fprings. The 
L U N 775 
falt-lioufes, being 5+in number, and containing 216 pans, 
which are daily boiled, and every falt-houfe being eftimated 
at 40,000 rix-dollars, the capital of the whole Salze much 
exceeds two millions of rix-dollars. Of thefe fall-works, 
a fifth belongs to the fovereign’s due ; but the town of 
Lunenburg pays annually to the treafury near 6000 rix- 
dollars; of late the falt-trade has very much declined. 
The exports of the town are fait, lime furnifhed by two 
rocks in its vicinity, and beer. It likewife carries on a 
trade in wax, honey, wool, flax, linen, and frize. Goods 
are alfo brought here from all parts of Germany, and for¬ 
warded by the Ilmenau to Hamburgh and to Lubec. 
Lunenburg is thirty-fix miles fouth-eaft from Hamburgh. 
Lat. 53.15.N. Ion. 10. 36. E. 
LU'NENBURG, a town of Pmflia, in the province of 
Natangen : thirty-four miles fouth-fouth-eaft of Koni°L- 
berg. 
LU'NENBURG, a county of Nova Scotia, on Mahone 
bay, on the fouth coaft of the province, facing the At¬ 
lantic ocean. Its chief towns are New Dublin, Lunen¬ 
burg, Chefter, and Blaodford. In Mahone bay. La Have, 
and Liverpool, feveral Ihips trade to England with timber 
and boards.—Alfo, a townfhip in the above county, 
Iituated on Merliqueth or Merliquafh bay, well fettled by 
a number of induftrious Germans. The lands are good, 
and well cultivated. It is thirty-five miles fouth-weft by 
fo u t h fro m H d i fa x. 
LU'NENBURG, a county of Virginia, adjoining Notta- 
way, Brunfwick, Mecklenburg, and Charlotte, counties; 
about thirty miles long, and twenty broad. It contains 
4505 free inhabitants, and 5876 llaves.—A townfhip in 
Elfex county, in Vermont, leated on Connefticut-river, 
fouth-weft of Guildhall, and north-eaft of Concord; and 
containing 393 inhabitants.—A townfhip of Worcefter- 
county, Malfachuletts, on an elevated lituation, twenty- 
five miles from the Great Monadnock Mountain, in New 
Hamplhire. It contains 14,000 acres of land, on which 
are 124.3 inhabitants, who have little intercourfe or trade 
with their neighbours; but they carry on the nailing bu- 
finefs to advantage.—A town of the Hate of New York, 
in Green-county, now called Efperanza, fituated on the 
weft fide of Hudfon’s river, oppoiite to the city of Hud- 
fon, and thirty miles fouth of Albany. 
LUNES'TINS, a town of the illand of Shetland : twelve 
miles north of Lerwick. 
LUNET'TE, f. [French.] A fmall half-moon. See 
Fortification, vol. vii.— Lunette is a covered place 
made before the courtine, which confilts of two faces that 
form an angle inwards; and is commonly railed in fades 
full of water, to ferve inftead of a faulie braye, and to 
difpute the enemy’s paflage: it is fix toiles in extent, of 
which the parapes is four. Trcvoux. 
Lunette, in the manege, is a half horfe-(hoe, or fuch 
a Ihoe as wants the fponge, i. e. that part or the branch 
which runs towards the quarters of the foot. Lunette is 
alfo the name of two fmall pieces of felt, made round and 
hollow, to clap upon the eyes of a vicious horfe that is 
apt to bite, and ftrike with his fore feet, or that will not 
fiuffer his rider to mount him. 
LUNEVIL'LE, a town or France, and principal place 
of a diftriil, in the department of the Meurte ; fituated 
between the Vefouze and the Meurte, which unitea little 
below, in a marfhy country, which has been drained. In 
the fixth century it was a county of itfelfi; united in the 
twelfth to Lorraine. An academy was inftituted here by 
king Stanillaus, and furnifhed with a good library. In 
1 So 1, a peace was figned here between France and Auftria • 
for the terms of which (which will be perilled with in- 
tereft at this time) fee the article England, vol. vi. 
p. 793. Luneville is thirteen miles eaft-louth-eaft of 
Nancy, and twenty-four eaft of Toul. Lat. 48.36. N. 
Ion. 6. 34. E. 
LUNG, a town of China, in the province of Quan°--fi. 
Lat. 23. 12. N. Ion. 103. 43. E. 
LUNG, a fort refs of China, in the province of Chen-fi. 
Lat. 36, 25. N. Ion. 106. 43. E. 
* LUNG, 
