831 
L Y C 
riJje, (folanese, Juf ) The generic cliara&ers are—Calyx : 
perianth fubquinquefid, obtufe, erefV,very fmall,permanent. 
Corolla: monopetalous, funnel-form j tube cylindric,fpread 
irig, incurved ; border five-parted, obtufe, fpreading, fmall. 
Stamina: filaments five, awl-ihaped, from the middle of 
the tube, (hotter than the corolla, doling the tube with 
a beard: anthers ereft. Piltillum : germ roundifh ; 
ftyle funple, longer than the ttamens; ftigma bifid, thick- 
ifh. Pericarpium: berry roundifh, two-celled. Seeds: 
feveral, kidney-form : receptacles convex, affixed to the 
partition.— EJjhitial CharaElcr. Corolla tubular, clofed 
at the throat by the beard of ths, filaments j berry two- 
celled, tnany-ieeded. 
Species, i. Lycium Japonicum, or Japan box-thorn: 
unarmed, leaves nerved, ovate, fiat, flowers feflile. This 
ihrub is fcarcely a fathom in height, very much 
branched, upright. Branches and branchlets i'cattered, 
round, (lender or filiform, aftr-coloured, fmooth, fpreading, 
drooping at top. Leaves oppofite, fubfeflile, attenuated 
below, blunt with a point, quite entire, fmooth, fpreading, 
dark green above, half an inch long ; there are clufters of 
many fmaller leaves in the axils. Flowers on the branch- 
lets from a cl niter of leaves, feflile, upright, folitary or 
aggregate, deciduous ; calyx much (horter than the co- 
rol.i, fmooth, five-toothed; tube of the corolla greenifh- 
white, a line in length ; fegments or the border ovate, 
pale flefti-colour, a little fliorter than the tube ; the open¬ 
ing of which is clofed with villofe hairs; filaments fattened 
tortile tube longitudinally below the opening; anthers 
oblong, Handing, a little white. Germ fuperior; ftyle ca¬ 
pillary, white, the length of the corolla ; ltigmas two, fel- 
dom three, oblong, whitifli, villofe. It varies with dou¬ 
ble flowers. 
It occurs twice in the Sy ft. Veget. In the Supplement it 
was named fatidum , Kaempfer and Koenig having re¬ 
ported that tlie bruifed leaves fmell like dung; which is 
not true of this flirub, but of a tree called by the Dutch 
Jirunthout . It is defcribed by Retzius from Koenig’s fpe- 
cimens;and it is madea diftinft genus under the name of 
Seriifa, by l’Heritier called Bocliozi, and by Loureiro Dy- 
foda. Native of Japan ; Thouin found it in China, and 
Koenig in Madeira. Introduced in 1787, by Monf. Cels. 
It flowers here molt part of the fummer; in Japan from 
April to November. This fmall handlome flirub is planted 
’frequently for hedges in Japan. 
z. Lycium barbatum, or fringed box-thorn : unarmed, 
leaves ovate, fmooth; brandies flexuofe; flowers panicled. 
Native of the Cape of Good Hope, where it was found 
by Thunberg. This ftands in Linnaeus’s Supplement un¬ 
der the name of L. inerme. Mr. Miller has one with the 
fame name; but his is a Chinefe plant. 
3. Lycium Afrum, or African box-thorn : thorny, 
leaves linear, fafcicled, branclfes, ftiff. This rifes with 
irregular (hrubby (talks ten or twelve feet high, lending 
®ut feveral crooked knotty branches, covered with a whitifli 
bark, and armed with long lliarp fpines, upon which 
grow many clutters of narrow leaves; thefe thorns often 
put out one or two fmaller on their fides, which have fome 
duffers of linaller leaves upon them ; the branches are 
garnitiied with very narrow leaves an inch and a half long, 
and at the bafe of thefe come out cluiters of fliorter and 
narrower leaves. The flowers come out from the fide of 
tiie branches, Handing upon fliort foot-ltalks; they are of 
a dull purple colour. The berry is of a yellowifti colour 
when ripe, inclofing feveral hard feeds. This ufually 
flowers in June and July, and the feeds ripen in the au¬ 
tumn ; but frequently a few flowers come out in all the 
fummer months. Native of the Cape of Good Hope; where# 
flieep feed on it. Cultivated in 1712, by the duchefs of 
Beautort. 
jS. L. falicifollum. This has many irregular flirub- 
by (talks, which rife eight or nine feet high, fend¬ 
ing out feveral irregular branches, covered with a white 
bark, and armed with pretty flrong thorns; the leaves 
axe narrow at bottom, growing broader upward, and are. 
I U M. 
of a pale green colour. The flowers come out from the 
fide of the branches ; they are of a purplilh-white colour 
and fmall, and make no great appearance. Tills fort flow¬ 
ers in June and July, but rarely produces any feeds in this 
country. The leaves remain till winter, when they fail off. 
It is a native of the South of France, Spain, and Italy, in 
hedges. 
4. Lycium rigidum, or rigid box-thorn : leaves clus¬ 
tered, linear; branches (traight, ending in a Spine. Flow¬ 
ers nearly feflile. Gathered by Thunberg near Cape 
Town, flowering in July and Auguft. It differs from the 
preceding chiefly in having the flowers nearly feflile, w hite 
with a much (horter and.broader corolla; the leaves all® 
are narrower. See the preceding Plate, fig. 2. 
5. Lycium Ruthenicum, or Ruffian box-thorn : thorny; 
leaves linear, fafcicled ; branches hanging down. This 
is a fhmb of about fix feet high, if meafured to the tips 
of the pendent branches; the Hems are many, branching 
alinoft immediately from the roof; branches long, depen¬ 
dent, or procumbent, unlefs fupported; of the thicknefs 
of a tobacco-pipe, round, fpinoie, leaflefs ; decompofed 
from about the middle, where they (hoot into fmaller 
branchlets, which are fpiny, very fpreading, and leafy to¬ 
wards their tips. Leaves fafciculated, growing by fives, 
and fometimes by nines, or more, juicy, linear, glaucef- 
cent, obtufe at margin and tip, attenuated towards the 
bafe. Flowers two or four together, outwardly pale, and 
of a greenifli-purple ; within purple, 7 with a p.de throat, 
marked bv fifteen deeper (freaks; Itamens longer than the 
corolla; antherte fulphur-colour, oblong, incumbent. 
6. Lycium tetrandrum, or four-cleft box-thorn : thorny ; 
leaves ovate obtufe ; branches angular; corollas four-cleft. 
This is a rigid, branched, fmooth, (hrub, with the habit 
of the firft two fpecies ; but with very fmall flefliy obo- 
vate leaves, and fmall funnel (haped (hort white flowers* 
whofe corolla is four-cleft, and Itamens four only. Found 
by Thunberg at the Cape of Good Hope, towards the lea* 
flowering in June. See the Plate, fig. 3. 
7. Lycium boerhaaviaefolium, or glaucous-leaved box- 
thorn : thorny; leaves ovate, quite entire, acute, glau¬ 
cous; flow’ers panicled. Stem upright, round, branched, 
full of chinks, afli-coloured. Branches alternate, fpread¬ 
ing, fmooth. Spines axillary, folitary, fpreading very 
much, awi-(haped, (horter than the petiole. Leaves al¬ 
ternate, fpreading, from twelve to twenty lines long, from 
eight to fifteen lines wide. Petioles one third of the 
length of the leaves, fpreading very much, round, pale 
purple. Flowers peduncled, upright, white; corolla blue, 
fmelling very fweet. It has the flowers of Lycium, wdth 
bearded ftamens ; but the fruit of Ehretia, with bony, 
three-toothed, two-celled, feeds, but only two in number. 
It varies with waved leaves. Native of Peru, where it was 
found by Dornbey ; Jof. Juflieu introduced it many years 
lince into the Paris garden, where it flowers in fummer 
and autumn, but feldom produces berries. Introduced 
here in 1780, by Monf. Thouin. 
8. Lycium barbarum, willow-leaved box-thorn, or blue 
jafmine : thorny; leaves lanceolate; branches loofe ; ca¬ 
lyxes bifid. This is a weak ihrub, Hodding and decum¬ 
bent unlefs fupported. Bark of the branches whitifli. 
Flowers from each bud from two to five, each on its pro¬ 
per peduncle. It differs from all the other forts, in hav¬ 
ing the mouth of the calyx two-lobed, or fometimes three- 
lobed ; border of the corolla fpreading, with the throat 
pale, ftreaked with black, and purple or pale red within. 
Berries ovate, yellow, or vermillion red, fleiliy, with a lon¬ 
gitudinal deprefl’ed (freak on each fide, fmooth, Alining* 
two-celled ; feeds about twelve in each oell, roundifh, 
compreffed, with fmall railed dots on them, whitifli. Na¬ 
tive of Europe, Afia, and the Cape of Good Hope ; culti¬ 
vated in 1709, by the duchefs of Beaufort; it flowers from 
May to October. 
/ 3 - L. Chinenfeof Miller rifes with weak irregular dif¬ 
fused branches to a great height, requiring fup'port; fome 
o£ thefe branches have in one year been upwards of twelve 
£ " kef 
