L Y C 
repand, toothed, callous; Kem decumbent r corollas droop¬ 
ing. This is a low trailing annual plant, the branches 
feldoni extending more than fix inches, and thinly fet 
with (mail fpear-fhaped warted leaves, half furrounding 
the (talk. Flowers (mall, bright blue, collected into fmall 
bunches at the extremity of the branches. Native of 
Nice, and the ifland of Candia, on the walls of the city. 
It varies with red flowers, elegantly ftreaked with white. 
Sir George Wheeler found a variety of it on Mount Hy- 
rnettus near Athens. 
5. Lycopfis arvenfis, or fmall wild buglofs: leaves lan¬ 
ceolate, hil’pid, flowering ; calyxes upright. Root annual, 
Ample, fibrous, whitifb. It is an extremely-harfh, rough, 
and bridly, plant. Stems thick, cylindrical, or (lightly 
angular, upright, hifpid, a foot or more in height, 
branched for thetr.oft part at top only. Flowers in fpikes, 
ail 1 one way, feflile, and turned backward ; corolla fky- 
blue, but varies, like many others of this colour, to red 
and white. When the plants grow on dunghills, the 
leaves are often an inch and a half broad. Native of mod 
parts of Europe, in corn-fields, efpecially where the foil 
islandy, and on dry banks. It flowers from May to July, 
as Mr. Curtis fays; from June to September, according 
to Dr. Withering and Mr. Hudfon. It has lately been 
recommended as a remedy againft the anthrax , or corrofive 
ulcer, commonly called a carbuncle, by laying the bruifed 
plant on the tumour. 
6. Lycopfis bullata, or bladdery-leaved wild buglofs: 
leaves lanceolate-ovate, hifpid, bladdery ; ftem procum¬ 
bent. Root annual, Ample. Stems cluttered, nine inches 
or a foot high, round, hifpid, purple, procumbent. Root- 
leaves numerous, lanceolate-ovate, hifpid, dark green, with 
prominent white bladders. Stem-leaves feflile, fomewhat 
item-clafping, with a few teeth, acuminate. Flowers fe¬ 
deral, at the extremity of the (tern ; calyx ereCt, hifpid, 
ferruginous; corolla at firft purple, then blue. It differs 
from the preceding in having the leaves conftantly blad¬ 
dery. Common on wafte-grounds about Naples; flower¬ 
ing from February through the whole (ummer. 
7. Lycopfis orientalis, or oriental wild buglofs; leaves 
ovate, quite entire, rugged ; calyxes upright. This is an 
annual plant, a native of the Levant. 
8. Lycopfis Virginica, or Virginian wild buglofs : leaves 
linear-lanceolate, cluttered, tomentofe, foft; Item upright.' 
A perennial plant; native of Virginia, by vvay-fides. 
Propagation and Culture. See Anchusa. They are 
hardy plants, will generally rife from fcattered feeds, and 
do not bear tranfplanting well. See Asperuco, Echium, 
and Myosotis. 
LYCO'PUS, /. [faid to be derived from >11x05, a wo 1 £, 
and irove, a foot; though we are perfectly' incompetent to 
trace the origin of fuch a derivation.] Water Hore- 
HOUND ; in botany, a genus of the clafs diandria, order 
monogynia, natural order of verticillatse, (labiatae, Tourn. 
JuJf.Scc.') The generic characters are—Calyx: perianthium 
one-leafed, tubular, half-five-cleft; fegments narrow, 
acute. Corolla: one-petalled, unequal ; tube cylindrical, 
the length of the calyx; border four-cleft, blunt, fpread- 
ing; fegments almolt equal; upper broader, emarginate; 
lower fmaller. Stamina : filaments two, commonly longer 
than the corolla, inclining to the upper fegments; antherae 
fmall. Piftillum : germ four-cleft; ftyle filiform, ftraight, 
the length of the ftamens; ftigma bifid, reflex. Pericar- 
pium : none ; calyx containing the feeds in its bottom_ 
ijfmtial CharaBer. Corolla tour-cleft, with one divifion 
emarginate; (tamina diftant; feeds four, retufe. 
Species. 1. Lycopus Europxus, water horehound, or 
gypfy-wort: leaves finuate-ferrate. Root perennial, creep¬ 
ing. This plant has the fquare (talks, oppofite leaves, 
inflorefcence, flowers, and feeds, of the natural order ver- 
ticillatse; differing only in having two Itamens, whence 
it is feparated in the artificial fyftem of Linnaeus from its 
congeners, with which this, as well as Verbena, might be 
united ; Dr. Withering having remarked, that it is not 
uncommon between the two Itamens to find two (hotter 
VOL. XII,I. No. 24.7. 
L Y C si? 
filaments without antherae; and that he once found them 
with antherae. Stems commonly from one to four feet in 
height, upright, the fides deeply channelled, rough-haired 
at the corners, branched from the bottom. Branches op¬ 
pofite, brachiate, axillary, almofl erect, the lower ones 
reaching almofl as high as the main ftem. Leaves ovate, 
ovate-oblong, or almofl lanceolate, pointed, feffile, fome¬ 
what rj’rinkled, (lightly hirfute, dark green above, pale 
green beneath, the midriband veins very ftrong, the edge 
cut with deep ferrattires ; many of the leaves of the main 
ftem, efpecially the lower ones, pinnatifid at the bafe 5 
thefe are five inches long and two broad ; the upper ones 
and thofe on the branches are from three to four inches in 
length, and not pinnatifid, but Amply ferrate. Flowers 
fmall, many together, difpofed in denfe whorls, at each 
joint, from the axils of the leaves, almofl from top to 
bottom of the branches, and in the main (tern great part 
of the length ; calyx hirfute, divided into five (fometimes 
four) unequal awned clefts; corolla white with a tinge of 
purple, fomewhat hairy or villofe within ; the upper feg- 
ment (lightly notched, the lower dotted with purple; fila¬ 
ments firft bent in, then ftraight; antherae fomewhat cref- 
cent-thaped and whitifh. Germ fet upon a yellow glan¬ 
dular receptacle. Seeds brown, fhining, fubtriangular, 
outwardly flattifh, impreffed with a fubcordate line in the 
middle; inwardly the middle running out to a point, and 
the fides fomewhat rolled in. The leaves vary, in being 
more or lefs hairy, and more or lefs divided. Leers men¬ 
tions a variety, with ail the flowers female, or without 
ftamens. It is common in molt parts of Europe in mea¬ 
dows, and on the banks of ltreams and ponds ; flowering- 
front July to September. In fome meadows it abounds fo 
much as to be noxious. Cattle appear not to touch it - 
and its root being of the creeping kind, renders it diffi¬ 
cult of extirpation. It dyes black, and gives a perma¬ 
nent colour to linen, wool, and (ilk. Gypfies are faid to 
(lain their (kin with it. This common plant, which on. 
trial might probably be found ufeful to dyers, is called by 
all Englifh writers water-horehound ; in German it is wolfs- 
fufs, wajfcrandorn, fumpfandorn, bruchandorn, wiefenandorn, 
weiherandorn, wolfebein, JparrJaden , zigennerkraut, gliedkraut, 
Chrijlujlance ; in Dutch, wolfspoot, walcrandoorn ; in Danifli, 
vandmarru ; in Swedifh, vargjot ; in French, marrube aqua- 
tique, licope, patte de leup ; in Italian, licopo. 
2. Lycopus Virginicus, or Virginian water-horehound : 
leaves equally ferrate. Native of Virginia. The leaves 
are lanceolate, and very finely ferrate. 
3. Lycopus exaltatus, or lofty water-horehound : leaves 
pinnatifid-ferrate at the bafe. Stem the height of a man, 
branched, angular, rugged. Leaves deeply ferrate, the 
loweft ferrattires deeper, fo as to be almoft pinnatifid at 
bottom, with fubferrate fegments. Corollas four-cleft, 
white, the fegments dotted with red, the uppermoft emar¬ 
ginate, the loweft broader. Native of Italy. 
4. Befides the three fpecies above defcribed, Mr. Brown, 
in his Prodromus to the Flora of New Holland, mentions 
another, w-hich he calls aujlralis, with the following cha¬ 
racter : “ Leaves lanceolate, pointed, ferrated, downy, 
roughifli above, glandular beneath, entire, and attenuated 
at the bafe : ferratures remote, equal, very acute. Stems 
ftriated.” This is found all over New Holland ; and in 
Mr. Brown’s opinion is very nearly allied to L. Europseus. 
5. Miehaux has another fpecies under the name of uni - 
Jlorus, which is thus charaCterifed : “ Plant very fmall j 
root tuberous; Items Ample; leaves oval, obtufe, obfo- 
letely toothed ; flowers axillary, fojitary.” This is a na¬ 
tive of North America. 
LYCORE'A, a town of Phocis, at the top of Parnaffus, 
where the people of Delphi took refuge during Deucalion’s 
deluge, directed by the howlings of wolves. Paufanius. 
LYC'ORIS, a freed woman of the fenator Volumnius, 
alfo called Cytheris, and Volumnia from her matter. She is 
celebrated for her beauty and intrigues. The poet Gallus 
was greatly enamoured of her ; and his friend Virgil com¬ 
fort? him in his 10th Eclogue for the lofs of the favours 
9 of 
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