LYSIM 
fours, fubfeftile 5 peduncles in whorls, one-flowered. Stems 
from a foot and a half to three feet in height, angular, up¬ 
right, the flze of a quill, covered with a loft hoary down, 
leafy,’ feldom branched. Flowers fmall ; corolla yellow. 
Native of Holland, among reeds ; Aufiiia, Silelia, Pied* 
niont, Siberia. 
8. Lyfimachia cihata, or ciliated loofeftrite : petioles 
ciliated, flowers drooping. Stalks many, ereft, about two 
feet high. Leaves oblong, oblique, finooth, veined on 
their under fide, and ending in acute points. Flowers 
like thofe of the common fort, but fmaller, and hang 
down. It was firft brought from Canada ; and is alfo a 
native of Virginia. In the Syft. Veget. it is fet down as 
a variety of L. quadrifolia; and they are probably the 
fame plant. 
9. Lyfimachia linum-ftellatum, or fmall loofeltnfe : ca¬ 
lyxes exceeding the corolla; Item upright, very much 
branched. This is a little annual plant, about two inches, 
or feldom three inches, high, from a flender whitifh hair¬ 
like root. Leaves (holt, ending in a very fine point. Flow¬ 
ers fmall, pale green or herbaceous, ftellate. Native of 
France and Italy ; flowering in the fpring. Introduced 
here in 1776, by Monf. Thouin. It flowers in June. 
10. Lyfimachia nemorum, wood loofeftrife, or yellow 
pimpernel: leaves ovate, acute; flowers folitary; Item 
procumbent. Root perennial, with whitilh fibres. Stems 
feveral, roundifli, grooved on each fide alternately, finooth, 
red, rooting from the lower joints. Leaves glofly on each 
fide, entire, but fomewhat waved, yellowifh green, dotted 
with black underneath, the veins a little prominent; eight 
lines long, fix or feven lines wide 5 petioles fliort, broad- 
jfh, grooved above. Peduncles axillary, folitary or in 
pairs, round, one-flowered, flender, longer than the leaves. 
JDivilions of the calyx awl-fliaped, very flender. Corolla 
yellow, much fmaller than the leaves, (five lines in dia¬ 
meter;) at bottom more intenfely yellow and fhining; in 
the mouth fmall yellow glands between the filaments, and 
little pedicclled glands on the edge of the corolla. Fila¬ 
ments fmooth, upright, fomewhat thicker in the middle. 
Antherm tawny, oblong, bent a little downwards. Germ 
fmooth ; ftyle fomewhat thicker at top. Seeds round and 
flat. See the annexed Plate, fig. 1. When the flowers are 
expanded, they fomewhat referable.in fhape thofe of Ana- 
?*allis arvenfis, or common red pimpernel; hence the older 
botanifts confidered this as an Anagallis. It differs from 
the ndkt fpecies, to which it bears no fmall affinity in its 
general habit, in having the leaves more pointed, the 
flowers fmaller, lefs bell-fhaped, and on much longer pe¬ 
duncles, and the ftalks generally redder. Native of many 
parts of Europe, in moilt woods, flowering from May to 
July ; or, according to Mr. Curtis, from June to Septem¬ 
ber. Grows in Charlton-wood ; Hanging-wood, near 
Woolwich ; Shooter’s-hill wood ; between Dartford-road 
and Leefon-heath ; between Mulwell-hill and Highgsie ; 
Cane-wood ; Scarlet Spring, near Harefield, Herts ; Stow 
and Stokenchurch woods, in Oxfordfhire; Pychley, in 
Northamp'tonfhire ; and near Nottingham. 
11. Lyfimachia nummularis, creeping loofeftrife, or mo¬ 
neywort : leaves fubcordate, flowers folitary, ftein creep¬ 
ing. Root perennial, with Ample fibres, ftriking down¬ 
wards. Stems numerous, Ample, trailing, putting out 
roots towards the top, and fometimes a branch; a foot or 
more in length, fmooth, jointed, comprefl'ed, with- four 
membranaceous edges. The whole plant is fmooth. The 
peduncles are not always equal to the leaves, but fome¬ 
times longer, fometimes fhorter. Halier'remarks, that the 
calyx diftinguifhes this from all the other forts; and that 
the filaments coalefce into a hairy circle. Scopoli fays, 
the peduncles are five-angled; and that one or two of the 
filaments are longer than the ftyle. Pollich remarks, that 
the peduncles have four angles, and are fhorter than, the 
leavcsj but often much longer; that the corolla is had fan 
inch'in diameter, and that it frequently has fmall tawny 
fp'ots-on it. Mr. Curtis obferves, that this-plant, like 
many others that increafe much by the root or item vvliilft 
VO-L XIII * No, 949. 
A C H I A. § 15- 
they are in flower, feldom produces ripe feeds. Ray how¬ 
ever deferibes the capfule to be round, very fmall, and 
filled with feeds fo mihute as to be fcarcely vifible. Na¬ 
tive of molt parts of Europe, in moift meadows, on the 
fides of ditches, and under hedges in moift fituations y- 
flowering in June and July. It is called nummularia, fays 
Getarde, of the form of money, wliereunto the leaves are 
like; in Englifh moneywort, herb-twopence, and twopenny - 
grafs. Other languages have borrowed the fame circum- 
ftances : in German it is pfennigkraut, gbldh.rd.ut>, grojfes 
gelbes, Mv.nzkra.ut, &c. in Dutch, penning kruid ; in Danifh, 
pengekrud, krybende pengeurt ; in Swedifh, penningeort ; in 
French, lifimaque monnoyere , nummulaire, herbe aux ecus, herbi 
sl cent mavx, herbe a cent maladies ; thefe two laft names are 
from ccntimorbia or centummorbia, as it was called by fotne 
old writers, from its fuppofed efficacy in curing various 
difeafes. It was alfo named Jerpentaria, from a notion that 
ferpents, when wounded, apply to this herb for cure. The 
leaves are fubaftringent and flightly acid ; hence Eoerhaave 
recommended them in the hot feurvy and haemorrhages 5 
but modern practice takes no notice of them. According- 
to Linnaeus, it is eaten by kine and fheep, not much 
relifhed by goats, and refufed by horfes. Scopoli re¬ 
commends an infufion of the plant in oil for deftroying 
weevils. 
12. Lyfimachia Japonica, or Japan loofeftrife: leaves 
fubcordate, flowers axillary, peduncles fhorter than the 
leaf. Root annual, fibrous. Stem filiform, decumbent, 
from fiexuofe erefl at top, villofe, Ample, a hand in length. 
Leaves roundifli, blunt, entire, very finely villofe, fpread- 
ing, half an inch in diameter; petioles double the length 
of the leaves. Flowers generally two together. Native of 
Japan. 
Propagation and Culture. No. 1, 5, 8, are not often ad»- 
mitted into gardens, becaufe the roots creep fo much that 
they become troublefome; they deferve a place, however^ 
for the beauty of theii> flowers, in large gardens, efpeci- 
ally in moift places, where better things will not thrive. 
If the roots be taken up in autumn from places where 
they grow naturally, and planted in a moift foil, they will 
thrive without farther care. No. 2 is the fineft fpecies of 
this genus, and, as the roots of it do not fpread like thofe 
of the other, it deferves a place in the pleafure-garden, 
where it is a very ornamental plant for fliady borders. It 
loves a moift foil and a fhady fituation, where it will con¬ 
tinue long in beauty. It may be propagated by parting: 
the roots in autumn, but by this method it increafes - 
flowly, fo that the only way to have it in plenty is by 
fowing the feeds ; thefe fhonld be fown upon an eaft- 
afpefted border in autumn, foon after they are ripe, then 
the plants will coine up the following fpring; but thofe 
which are fown in the fpring will not grow the fame year. 
When the plants come up, they fhonld be kept clean fronv- 
weeds ; and, if they are too clofe, fome of them may be 
drawn out and tranlplanted on a fhady border, which will 
give the remaining piants-robm to grow till autumn, when 
they may be tranlplanted into the borders of the flower- 
garden where they are defigned to flower; after winds- 
they will require no other culture but to keep them clean 
from weeds, and dig the ground between them every 
fpring. No. 3 increafes by its bulbs; which it produces 
inftead of feeds, and requires a very moift fituation. No. 4- 
is propagated by feeds, fown on a moderate hot-bed in the 
fpring, often watering the ground to bring up the plants; 
and, if the feafon fhould prove warm, the glaffes of the 
hot-bed fhould be (haded in the heat of the day. When 
the plants are up, they fhould have a large fhare of frefh 
air, to prevent their drawing up weak, and fhould be fre¬ 
quently refreshed with water. When they are fit to re¬ 
move, plant each in a feparate pot, plunging thein into a 
moderate hot-bed to forward their taking'new root; after 
which gradually inure them to bear the open air; into 
which remove them the beginning of June, and let them 
remain there till Ofrober; when they fhould be removed 
into a common frame, where they may-be ffieltered from 
jo A* froft- 
