SKi L Y S 
froft in winter, but always enjoy the free air in mild wea¬ 
ther. The f'pring following fome of the plants may be 
fhaken out of the pots, and planted in borders; but a few 
fhould be put into larger pots, where they may flower and 
feed. See Anagallis, Capraria, Chironia, Crassa, 
Dracoc.ephalum, Epilobium, Jussieua, Ludwigia, 
Lythrum, Mimulus, Oenothera, Oldenlandia, 
Phlox, Khexia, Scutellaria, and Veronica. 
LYSIMA'CHIA, in ancient geography, a town of 
Thrace, called in the time of Ptolemy Xamilium. 
LYSIM'ACHUS, king of Thrace, one of the captains 
of Alexander the Great, rofe from a mean condition to 
the favour of that prince. He is faid, however, once to 
have incurred his difpieafure to fuch a degree, that he was 
expofed to a fierce lion in his den, when he gave a fignal 
proof of his ftrength and courage, by ftrangling the ani¬ 
mal. This ad, as it may be fuppofed, procured him par¬ 
don and favour. At the partition of the empire of Alex¬ 
ander, B.C. 323, Thrace, the Cherfonefe, and the adjacent 
countries to the Euxine Sea, were allotted to Lyfimachus. 
On taking pofleflion of thefe territories, he foon had them 
to defend againlt Seutlies, a defcendant of the ancient 
Qdryfian kings, with whom he fought a dubious battle, 
but in the refult he preferyed his dominions. When A11- 
figonus had rendered himfelf formidable to all the other 
fharers, Lyfimachus joined in the league againlt: him with 
Seleucus, Ptolemy, and Callander. See the article Greece, 
vol. viii. 949-954. By a fubfequent treaty, Thrace was 
confirmed to him; and, in imitation of the other captains, 
he took the title of king. He founded the city of Lyli- 
machia, B.C. 309, and made it his capital. Having mar¬ 
ried one of his daughters to Antipater king of Macedon, 
that prince, when expelled from his throne, took refuge 
with Lyfimachus ; but this unnatural relation put him to 
death, and imprifoned his own daughter. Bsing after¬ 
wards engaged in a war with Dromichaetes, king of the 
Getae, he was taken prifoner, but was liberated by his fon 
Agathocles. When Demetrius, upon the throne of Mace¬ 
don, was preparing to recover all his father’s dominions, 
Lyfimachus joined in a confederacy with Seleucus and 
Ptolemy, and invaded Macedonia. The ruin of Deme~- 
£rius was the confequence ; and, when that prince had 
delivered himfelf up to Seleucus, Lyfimachus was bafe 
enough to offer him a large fum of money to put the un¬ 
fortunate captive to death, which Seleucus generoully re- 
rufed. Pyrrhus, king of Epirus, having occupied the 
vacant throne of Macedon, Lyfimachus claimed a (hare of 
the kingdom; and while Pyrrhus was engaged in other 
fchemes of ambition, hefeized the whole country, B.C. 288, 
in which he reigned fome years unmolefted. He had now, 
in his old age, a fiourilhing family of fifteen children j 
but domeftic difcord poifoned this external profperity. 
He had married his eldeft fon, Agathocles, to Lyfandra, 
daughter of king Ptolemy; and had himfelf taken to wife 
Ariinoe, a daughter of the fame king by another queen. 
Arfinoe infufed fufpicions into his mind againlt his fon, 
who was a prince of great hopes, and the favourite of the 
army and people. Forgetful of his obligations to this 
fon, and of the parental tie, Lyfimachus firft imprifoned 
and then poifoned him. Upon this cataftrophe, Lyfandra 
w ith her children fled to the court of Seleucus, where 
they were joined by feveral malcontents of rank, all of 
whom urged that king to make war upon the tyrant. 
Seleucus, who had now no other rival in power than Ly- 
ffmachus, lent a willing ear to the propofal, and immedi¬ 
ately overran his Afiatic dominions. Lyfimachus aflem- 
bled a great army, and eroded the Helleipont to oppofe 
him. Thefe two only remaining captains of Alexander, 
both far advanced in years, met at Curopedion in Phrygia, 
where an obltinate and bloody engagement enfued, in 
which Lyfimachus, after exerting himfelf with the utmoft 
bravery, was killed on the fpot, and his army was entirely 
defeated. He fell, B.C. 282, in the feventy-fourth year 
of his age, having firft loft all his children except two. 
J£is body was recognized in the field only by a favourite 
L Y S 
dog, who.would not leave it. With undoubted courage 
and abilities, he was charaderifed by a cruel and ferocious 
difpofition, which rendered him unworthy of his fortune. 
Seneca, in his treatife on anger, relates, that one Telef- 
pliorus, a Rhodian, his friend, having fallen under his 
difpieafure, he caufed his nofe and ears to be cut off, and 
lhut him up in a den, like a wild beaft, where he kept him 
in filth and nakednefs till he had almoft loft the human 
form. Plutarch. 
LYSIMACHUS, the fifth fon of Ptolemy, a Tew of 
Jerufalem, who tranflated the book of Efther out of He¬ 
brew into Greek. His tranflation was carried from.Jeru¬ 
falem to Alexandria by Dofitheus, who called himfelf a 
prieft of the tribe of Levi, in the fourth year of the reign 
of Ptolemy Philometor, A.M. 2837, ante A.D. 177. 
LYSIM'ACHUS, brother of bjenelaus, high prieft of 
the Jews. Menelaus purchafed the high-prielthood with 
a large fum of money, which he promifed Antiochus Epi- 
phanes ; but he took no care to pay it, and thereupon was 
cited to appear at Antioch. In his abfence he left his 
brother Lyfimachus at Jerufalem, who, in order to raife 
the fums for which his brother was indebted, began to 
pillage the treafury of the temple; (2 Macc. iv. 39, 40.) 
The people rofej and murdered him, as related under the 
article Jew, vol. x. p. 794, 5. Lyfimachus is fometimes 
reckoned among the high priefts, becaufe he was vicege¬ 
rent to his brother Menelaus; but he never himfelf pof- 
feffed the high-priefthood. B.C. 170. 
LYS'INE, in ancient geography, a town of Afia, in 
Pamphylia, between Comana and Cormafa, according to 
Ptolemy. 
LYSINE'MA, f. [from the Gr. a reparation, and 
ni/xa, a thread or ftamen ; becaufe the Itamens are uncon- 
neded with the corolla, proceeding from the receptacle, 
below the germen; by which charader alone the genus is 
diftinguiflied from Epacris, their habit being exadly the 
fame.] In botany, a genus of the clafs pentandria, order 
monogynia, natural order epacrideae, Brown. The gene¬ 
ric characters are—Calyx: perianthium inferior, of many 
ered, imbricated, coloured, permanent, leaves 5 the inner 
ones gradually largeft. • Corolla : of one petal, falver- 
fliaped ; its tube generally fplitting into five parts; limb 
in five fmooth beardlefs feginents, obliquely twdfted to the 
right. Nedary of five glands, furrounding the bafe of the 
germen. Stamina: filaments five, thread-Thaped, equal, 
inferted into the receptacle; anthers incumbent, oblong, 
burfting lengthwife, rifing juft above the tube. Piftillum : 
germen fuperior, roundilh, with five furrows; ftyle thread- 
Thaped ; ftigma obtufe. Pericarpium : capfule of five cells 
and five valves. Seeds : numerous, minute. Receptacles: 
five, attached to the central column.— EJfential Charader. 
Calyx of many imbricated coloured leaves. Corolla fal- 
ver-fliaped; its limb five-cleft, beardlefs. Stamina inferted 
into the receptacle, the length of the tube. Capfule of five 
cells, with many feeds. Brown Prodr. N. Holl. p. 553. 
Species. 1. Lyfinema pentapetalum : corolla divided to 
the bottom; its claws unconneded, longer than the calyx, 
externally fmooth. Found by Brown in the fouthern part 
of New Holland. 
2. Lyfinema ciliatum: corolla divided to the bottom; 
its claws cohering at the top, externally fmooth, the length 
of the calyx. Native of the fame country. 
3. Lyfinema lafianthum : corolla divided to the bottom ; 
its claws externally woolly, rather longer than the calyx. 
Gathered by Menzies at King George’s Sound, on the 
fouth-weft coaft of New Holland. The ftem is ftmibby, 
as in all the reft, its branches very {lender, fmooth, round, 
leafy. Leaves fcattered, about a quarter of an inch long, 
elliptic-oblong, narrow, obtufe, entire, fmooth. Flowers 
few, in a terminal fnnple fpike, leaning one way, apparently 
tawny or bluffi-coloured, each near half an inch long. 
4. Lyfinema confpicuum : tube of the corolla five-cleft 
above, longer than the calyx ; leaves lanceolate-awl-lhaped5 
clofe-preffed. Found by Brown in the fouth of New 
Holland, 
5, Lyfinema 
