LYTTELTON. 
purfuits of literature, and to an extenfive correfpondence 
with the pious and learned. In 1760 he publifiied Dia¬ 
logues of the Dead, a work abounding in good fenfe and 
found morality, and which was well received by the pub¬ 
lic. In 1767 and 1771 he gave the world his Hiftory of 
Henry the Second, in 3 vols. 4to. a valuable work, which 
liad occupied a great portion of the latter part of his life, 
and on which he probably placed his chief expeiffations 
for future fame. He has given an accurate and compre- 
henfive view of the Engliih conftitution, as it exifted at 
the early period of our hiftory with which his book is 
concerned, and of the changes fubfequent to the Norman 
■conqueft. The ftyle of the hiftory is good ; its fentiments 
are judicious and liberal, favourable to the belt: interefts 
of mankind. It has been charged with a bias in favour 
of the regal againft the ecclefiaftical authority, but per¬ 
haps by tbofe who were not free from an oppofite bias, 
A tendency to prolixity is the chief fault of this hiftory, 
which has prevented it from becoming popular, though 
it retains its reputation as a ftandard work. Its charac¬ 
ter, with that of the writer, is happily appreciated in the 
following elegant lines of Hayley : 
With purer fpirit, free from party ftrife. 
To foothe his evening hour of honour’d life. 
See candid Lyttelton at length unfold 
The deeds of liberty in days of old ! 
Fond of the theme, and narrative with age. 
He winds the lengthen’d tale through many a page ; 
But there the beams of patriot-virtue fliine; 
There truth and freedom fandtify the line ; 
And laurels, due to civil wifdom, (hield 
This noble Neltor of th’ hiftoric field. EJfay on Hijlory. 
Lord Lyttelton’s poems preferve a place among the fe- 
left productions of the Britifh mufe, rather on account of 
the correCtnefs of their verification, the elegance of their 
diction, and the delicacy of their fentiments, than as exhi¬ 
biting any uncommon poetical powers. They are peruled 
with pleafure, and contain nothing to offend. His mif- 
cellaneotts .pieces ip profe, letters, &c. all difplay a good 
853. 
heart, and a well cultivated mind. As a politician, his 
fpeeches on the Scotch and mutiny bills, in 1747 ; on the 
naturalization of the Jews in 1753 5 and on the privilege 
of parliament in 17A3 ; hold him out to public eftimation. 
Among other qualities, he had a remarkable facility of 
ftriking out an extemporary compliment, which obtained 
for him a confiderable fiiare of reputation. An inftance is 
recorded : when lord Cobham, in a large company, men¬ 
tioned his defign of putting up a butt of lady Suffolk in 
his beautiful gardens at Stowe, he turned to his friend 
Lyttelton, and faid, “ George, you. mult furnifli me with 
a motto for it.” I will, faid he; and inftantly produced 
the couplet; 
Her wit and beauty for a court were made. 
But truth and goodnefs fit her for a fhade. 
This truly-eftimable nobleman died of a lingering dif- 
order, which he bore with pious refignation, in Auguft 
1773, in the 64th year of his age. He left one fon, who 
fucceeded to his tide, and a daughter, married to lord Va- 
lentia; both by his firft: wife. His inifcellancous works 
were publilhed after his death in 4to. by his nephew, 
G. E. Ayfcough, efq. joknjbn s Engl. Poets . Anderfon's 
Brilijk Poets. 
LYT'TELTON (Charles), an Englifh prelate, brother 
cf the above, was educated at Eton in grammar-learning, 
from whence he entered himfelfat Univerfity-college, Ox¬ 
ford, and afterwards ftudied the law in the Temple and 
was called the bar. He, however, foon quitted the pro- 
feflion, entered into holy orders, and in 1747 was appointed 
chaplain to the king. The year following he was made 
dean of Exeter, and in 1762 promoted to the bilhopric of 
Carlifle. He was ieveral years preiident of the Society 
of‘Antiquaries, and contributed many articles to their 
Tranfaftions. fie died in 1768. Fora more particular 
account of this family, its intermarriages, and armorial 
bearings, fee the article Heraldry, vol.ix. p. 582,3 and 
Plate XXXV. 
LYT'TON, a village of Yorkfhire, in the weft riding, 
near Langfterdale Chace. 
Corrections. 
P. 459, col. 2, prefents a very imperfefi account of our 
favourite beverage, porter. The origin of the name is thus 
related by the ingenious editor of the Picture of London. 
“Before the year 173G, the malt-liquors in general ufe in 
London were ale, beer, and two-penny ; and it was cuf- 
tomary for the drinkers of malt-liquor to call for a pint, 
or tankard, of half and half, i. e. half ale and half beer, or 
half ale and half two-penny, or half beer and half two¬ 
penny. In courfe of time it alfo became the practice to 
call for a pint or tankard of three-threads, meaning a third 
of ale, beer, and two-penny ; and thus the publican had 
the trouble to goto three calks, and turn three cocks, for 
a pint of liquor. To avoid this inconvenience and wafte, 
a brewer of the name of Harwood conceived the idea of 
making a liquor, which lhould partake of the fame united 
flavours of ale, beer, and two-penny; he did fo, and fuc- 
CSeded, calling it entire, or entire butt, meaning that it 
was drawn entirely from one calk, or butt; and, as it 
was a very hearty and nourilhing liquor, it was very fuit- 
able for porters and other working people ; hence it ob¬ 
tained the name of porter.” At flrlt, the only eflential 
difference in the methods of brewing porter and other 
kinds of beer, was, that it was brewed from brown malt; 
and this gave to it both the colour and flavour required. 
Of late years it has been brewed from mixtures of pale 
and brown malt, and the colour of the prefent liquor is 
much lefs than was formerly efteemed requifite; but, find¬ 
ing that pale malt yields a much greater portion of fac- 
charine matter than brown, the greatelt number of the 
London brewers have given up the brown malt altogether, 
ufing pale and amber malt, which is intermediate between 
the two. From thefe they procure a liquor of proper 
flrength; and they give it both colour and flavour, by 
VOL. XIII. No. 950. 
the addition of colouring matter made from burnt fugnr, 
or by burning the fugar of concentrated wort. All the 
London porter is profeffed to be entire butt, as indeed it 
was at firft; but the fyftem is now altered, and it is ge¬ 
nerally compounded of two kinds, or rather the lame li¬ 
quor in two different (lages, the due admixture of which 
is palatable, though neither is good alone. One is mild, 
and the other ltale, porter; the former is that which has 
a llightly-bitter flavour, from having been lately brewed ; 
the latter has been kept longer. This mixture the pub¬ 
lican adapts to the palates of his feveral cuftomers, and 
effects the mixture very readily, by megns of a machine 
containing fmall pumps worked by handles. In thefe 
are four pumps, but only three fpouts, becaufe two of 
the pumps throw out at the fame fpoul : one of thefe two 
pumps draws the mild, and the other the ftale, porter, 
from the cafks down in the cellar; and the publican, by 
dexteroufly changing his hold to the handle of the next 
pump, works either pump, and draws both kinds of beer 
at the fame fpout. An indifferent obferver fuppofes, that 
fince it all comes from on« fpout, it is entire butt beer, as 
the publican profeffes over his door, and which vulgar 
prejudice has decided to be the only good porter, though 
the difference is not eafily diftinguifhed. 
P. 620, about the middle of col. z. read, Milford Hall 
was formerly the refidence of the Cordell family ; but 
latterly it came by purchafe into the poffefiion of the late 
fir Harry Parker, baft, of the Admiralty-office; who, on 
Mr. Nepean being made fecretary, retired, and in general 
refided on his eftate. He died iome years fince, and was 
buried at Melford ; and his eftate came into and con¬ 
tinues to be in the poffefiion of his foil, fir William Par¬ 
ker, bait, colonel of the Weft Suffolk militia. 
P. 758. for Ludswigsburg, read Ludwicsburg. 
*» 0 INDEX 
