«! 
HINDO 
city of Turkefl:an; where, on an adjoining plain, he dis¬ 
played all the Spoils of his wars, with the utmoft pomp of 
fplerrdid magnificence And now, after recovering Tan- 
gut, and awing China to peace by the terror of his frown, 
this great and invincible warrior, being Seized with a fe¬ 
ver, in conSequence, as it is Said, of extreme grief for the 
lofs of his youngeft Son, Tulhi Khan, he expired on his 
march into the latter country, in the year of the hegira 
6 z 3, or A. D. 1126, in the Seventy-third year of his age, 
and twenty-fifth of his reign. See the article Gengis 
IChan, vol. viii. p. 320 ; and Mogulstan. 
The first' DYNASTY of MOHAMMEDAN KINGS 
ir DELHI. 
We have already noticed, that Cuttub, a favourite 
flave, and afterwards a general, of Mohammed the fir ft 
king of die Gauride dynafty, was, by that monarch, mads 
viceroy of the city and province of Delhi. Having exe¬ 
cuted the high office confided to him with ability and fide¬ 
lity, and approved himfelf a confummate general, and a 
true believer in the Mohammedan faith, he was, by Mah¬ 
mud, the nephew of Mohammed, and fecond king of the 
Gauride dynafty, inverted with the eniigns of royalty, and 
proclaimed king of Delhi. Cuttub received thofe digni¬ 
ties at Lahore, where he met the Sultan, in the year of the 
hegira 6023 from whence he returned to Delhi, to put in 
force his new dignity; which he effected by keeping the 
neighbouring rajahs in awe, and compelling the Hindoos 
to throw afide their idols of metal, wood, and (lone, and 
acknowledge the one only true and almighty God. I11 
the mean time, Eldoze, the other favourite flave of Mo- 
' hammed Gauri. taking advantage of the fupinenefs of 
Mahmud, marched from Gaz.na, of which he had become 
the king, with an intention to feize Lahore; and which 
he effected by the treachery of the governor. Cuttub, as 
foonas he received intelligence of the tranfaciion, marched 
with a well-chofen army, at the defire of Mahmud, to re¬ 
cover the place. The year 603 of the hegira was con- 
fumed on both fides in a Series of defperate contefts for 
the mafterfhip ; till at length victory declared for Cuttub. 
Eldoze was driven haftily out of the city, and obliged to 
fly for Kirman. Cuttub purfued him as far as Gazna, in 
which city he caufed himfelf to be crowned, adding that 
kingdom to his other pofleffions. But, after thefe fuc- 
cefles, the king of Delhi moft unaccountably gave himfelf 
up to wine and women, till the citizens of Gazna, dif- 
gufted with his voluptuoufnefs, fent privately to Eldoze, 
entreating him to return. Eldoze, after recruiting his 
army with Secrecy and expedition, advanced towards Gaz¬ 
na, and Surprised Cuttub, who had no intelligence of his 
defign till the day before his arrival. It was then too 
late to put himfelf in a porture of defence, and he was 
obliged to give up the kingdom, and retire to Lahore. 
He there became lenfible of his folly, repented of his part 
weaknefs, and exercifed himfelf in the practice of juftice, 
temperance, and morality. He ever after regulated his 
government by precepts of policy and wifdorn, to the day 
pf his death, in the. year of the hegira 607, A. D. 1210. His 
death was occafioned by a fall from his horfe in a match 
at ball, which the adverfe parties endeavoured to carry off 
on the point of their fpears; an achievement which was 
then confj/iered as a high proof of dexterity in war. 
Eldoze Succeeded Cuttub in Lahore, which he jgain 
added to the fovereignty of Gazna. Elated with that 
prosperity, which his weaknefs knew not how to regulate, 
he formed vifionary ideas of Subduing the idolatrous Hin¬ 
doos, and marched with a view to conquer the interior of 
India. But, after reducing Some of the northern pro¬ 
vinces, he was defeated near Delhi, by the emperor Al¬ 
tumlh ; and, being taken, died in confinement ,after a reign 
of nine years. 
Aram, the fon of Cuttub, meanwhile mounted the 
throne of Delhi; bi;t was in no degree qualified for the 
government of io important an empire. Nafir, another 
favourite Save and general of Mohammed Gauri, marched 
V,ol. X. No. 637. 
O S T A N. 
with his army towards Sind, which he conquered; as alfo 
Moultan, Outch, Shinoran, and feveral other places. Ano¬ 
ther dignified (lave, Mohammed of Chilligi, noffeiTed him¬ 
felf of the kingdom of Bengal, and there aflerted his own 
independence. At thefe feif-created authorities, the great 
omrahs of the court of Delhi, becoming extremely difeon- 
tented, fent to invite Altumlh, a fion-in-law, or adopted 
fon, of Cuttub, to afeend the throne. Altumlh accord¬ 
ingly marched with his army to Delhi ; and, by the co¬ 
operation of this faction, eafily reduced it. Aram, inca¬ 
pable of trailing himfelf in his capital, had previoully 
withdrawn, and collected a formidable army, with which 
he advanced to give Altumlh battle. A very obftinate 
engagement enfued in figbt of the city; in which Aram 
loft both the viftory, and his empire, which he had only 
enjoyed for one year. 
Altumlh, his fucceffor, had married the daughter of 
Cuttub ; whence he derived his pretenfions to the throne. 
In the year of the hegira 622, he led his army towards 
Beharand Bengal, where he obliged Yeas ul Dien, of Chil¬ 
ligi, then prince of Bengal, to pay him tribute, and Swear 
allegiance. He ftruck the currency in his own name; 
and, appointing his fon Nafir to the government of Ben¬ 
gal, he left Yeas ul Dien in the government of Behar, and 
then returned to Delhi. He then marched his army to¬ 
wards Malava, and took the city of Ugein, where he de- 
ftroyed the magnificent temple of Makal, formed upon the 
fame plan with that of Sumnat, which had been building- 
three hundred years, and was furrounded by a wall one 
hundred cubits in height. The image of Bickermajeef, 
as alfo that of Makal, both of ftone, with many other idols 
in brafs, he ordered to be carried to Delhi,"and broken at 
the door of the Mohammedan mofque. After his return 
from this expedition, he led his army again towards Moul¬ 
tan ; but, falling fick on his march, he was obliged to re¬ 
turn to Delhi, where he died, in the year of the hegira 
633, or A. D. 1235, after a reign of twenty-fix years. He 
was an enterprifing, able, and virtuous, prince. 
His fon, Ferole I. immediately afeended the throne. 
The omrahs made their offerings, and lwofe allegiance ; 
but he had no looner acquired the imperial dignity, than 
he gave himfelf up to the baneful influence of voluptu¬ 
oufnefs, and withdrew his hand from the Gonducl of the 
ftate. He expended his father’s treafures upon dancing- 
girls, comedians, and ftrolling muficians, and left the 
affairs of government to the management of his mother; 
who had been aTurkifh flave, and now became a monfter 
of cruelty, ordering all the women of Altumfh’s haram tn> 
be murdered, to gratify her hatred to them. The minds of 
the people began to be filled with difguft; and, entering 
into a confederacy, they advanced lultana Rizia, the eldelt 
daughter of Altmufh, to the throne, and impriforied the 
fultan and his mother. Ferofe died in confinement, after 
reigning only fix months and twenty-eight days. 
Sultana Rizia pofleffed all thofe valuable accomplifli- 
mehts which were abfenft in her brother. Upon her ac- 
cefiion, file changed her apparel, and put on the imperial 
robes. Every day fhe gave public audience from the 
throne, reviling and confirming the falutary laws of her 
father, and diftributing juftice with an equal and impar¬ 
tial hand. Yet could not her wife and politic conduct 
crulh the hydra rebellion. Altunia, the governor of Ti¬ 
berhind, raifed the hoft-ile ftandard againft the fuitana, 
on account of her partiality to a favourite Abyffmian. 
The fuitana, upon this intelligence, marched with her’ 
army towards Tiberhind ; but, about half-way, the Turk- 
ilh chiefs in her army mutinied, and a tumultuous con- 
fii<ft enlued, in which her Abyfiinian favourite was killed, 
and flie herfelf feized arid fent to the fort of Tiberhind. 
The army then returned to Delhi, where the Turkifh om¬ 
rahs fet up her brother Byram, a younger fon of the fultan 
Altumlh. 
Byram, II. afeended the throne of Delhi in the year of 
the hegira 637, A. D. 1239 ; but he was neither qualified 
. with abilities to govern, nor with magnanimity fultyient 
G t* 
V 
