33 HINDO 
Khan ; and he inverted, with great folemnity, his grand- 
ion Pir Mohammed with the nominal fovereignty of the 
whole of his conquefts in Hindooftan. 
Eager to become the meflenger of his own glory, Ti- 
mour fet forward before his army, and with accelerated 
fpeed reached the metropolis of his own dominions, on 
the 9th of May 1399; having in little more than ten 
months finifhed a campaign, which, for its" vaft extent, 
and the magnitude of the acquifition, would feem to have 
required at leaft as many years for its accomplilhment. 
As a lafting monument of his triumphs, as well 3s to 
atone, perhaps, for the favage perfecution of his brethren 
the Modems in India, he caufed to be erefted, by the ar¬ 
tificers whom he had brought from Delhi, a mod fump- 
tuous and ftately mofque, of fuch vaft magnitude as to 
contain with eale the whole affembled body of the faith¬ 
ful in that great and populous city. His Indian con¬ 
quefts remained in nominal fubjeftion to the authority of 
the viceroys he had appointed, till his death, which hap¬ 
pened five years after, at Otrar, on the ift of April 1405, 
and year of the hegira 807, in the feventy-firft year of his 
age, and the thirty-fixth of his reign.—For the hiftory of 
his life, his other great victories, and triumph over Baja- 
zet, emperor of the Turks, fee the article Mogulstan. 
The city of Delhi remained in anarchy for the fpace of 
two months after the departure of Timour, when it was 
taken poftefTion of by Nuferit, a grandfon of the fultan 
Ferofe, who attempted to aflume the imperial authority, 
with only two thoufand horfe from Merat. Two chiefs, 
Shab and Almafs, with their troops and ten elephants, 
joined him foon after from the fame place. Nuferit lent 
immediately Shab, witlr his battalion, towards Biren, againft 
Eckbal, an omrah of Mahmud, who had there taken up 
his relidence. But Shab was attacked in the night, upon 
his march, by the zemindars in the intereft of Eckbal, and 
fain; Eckbal, purfuing this advantage, took all the bag¬ 
gage of Shab’s army. This fuccefs railing the expecta¬ 
tions of Eckbal, he, in a few days, thought himfelf in a 
condition to make an attempt upon the capital, which he 
did with fuccefs ; for Nuferit, upon his approach, marched 
back to Merat; and Eckbal affumed die adminiftration of 
affairs in the ruined city. The inhabitants who el'caped 
the maflacre, and had fled to different places, retaining 
ftill a natural regard for their old abode, began to re-af- 
femble; and the place, in a Ihort time, again put on the 
appearance of populoufnefs. 
While Chizer Khan, whom Timour had appointed his 
viceroy, alfumed the fovereignty of Moultan, Lahore, and 
Debalpour, the whole eaft and foutli of Hindooftan was 
convulfed with the efforts of rival competitors, each driv¬ 
ing to feize that throne which the weak Mahmud, though 
ftill in exiftence, was not able firmly to maintain. Thefe 
competitors in their refpeftive diftrifts affumed the title 
and exercifed the authority of kings ; but two of them 
pre-eminently fo ; Jehan, who ftyled himfelf King of the 
Eaft, meaning the provinces ftretching on each fide of the 
Ganges; and the other, Azim, King of the- Weft, who had 
feized on the province of Guzerat; and thefe alfumed ti¬ 
tles continued to be enjoyed for a long period by their 
pofterity. Thus, we are told by Ferilhta, that Eckbal 
recovered Delhi, and the country between the two rivers, 
for fultan Mahmud, which, with a fmall diftrict round 
the city, was all that remained to him. Guzerat was ruled 
by Azim; Malva by Delawir; Cannouge, Oude, Kurrah, 
and Gehanpour, by jehan; Lahore, Debalpour, and Moul¬ 
tan, by Chizer; Samana by Ghabil; and, in like manner, 
the other provinces were feized by the great omrahs, 
through the whole extent of the empire. Mahmud retain¬ 
ed the nominal title of emperor, and for a confiderable 
time was permitted to wield the fceptre; but at length he 
was befieged in Delhi by Chizer, who afpired to and finally 
afeended the throne. Mahmud died in the year of the 
hegira §16, A. D. J413, after a moft difaftrous reign of 
twenty years and two months. With him became extinft 
OSTAN, 
the dynafty of Afghan princes, defcended from Ferofe, of 
the tribe of Chilligi. 
DYNASTY op the SEYDS. 
Chizer, being of the race of the prophet, conftituted 
what the Mohammedans call a Seyd. Chizer, therefore, 
and his three fuccelfors, are diftinguilhed as the dynafty 
of the Seyds. His father, Soliman, being a perfon of dif- 
tinclion, became the adopted fon of Dowlat, governor of 
Mouitan in the reign of Ferofe. Dowlat was, upon his 
death, lucceecled in his government by his fon Malleck; 
and he dying, Soliman was appointed to that viceroylhip, 
which defcended to Chizer from his father. Chizer, after 
the reduction of Moultan by the Moguls, having been 
taken into the fuite of Tamerlane, was, after the conqueft 
of Delhi, reinftated in his former government, with the 
addition of all the countries watered by the five rivers, 
commonly called Panjab, and Dibalpour. This great ac- 
ceffion of ftrength paved his way to the empire. When 
he afeended the throne, he diftributed favours and digni¬ 
ties among the great omrahs; but would not aflume the 
imperial title wholly to himfelf, declaring that he held the 
fupreme authority for Timour; and ordered the currency 
to be ftruck in his name. This was the height of good 
policy in Chizer; for he found that he could govern the 
proud omrahs with lefs envy, and keep the multitude in 
greater awe, by fubftituting the name of the Tartar prince, 
than if he had affumed the name of king himfelf, to which 
he knew he had no claim but what the fword had given 
him. 
It does not appear that the imperial authority affumed 
by Chizer, was by any means eftablifhed on that perma¬ 
nent foundation on which it refted in the time of the 
great Ferofe, and other fovereigns of the preceding dy¬ 
nafty. Though the moft fplendid fuccefs, on many occa- 
fions, crowned his arms in his repeated conflicts with the 
rival omrahs; yet, as the hydra was many-headed, the 
flame of infurreftion was no lboner quenched in one pro¬ 
vince, than it broke out with double fury in another. At 
the fame time, though vigour and ability marked his 
councils, yet the country, fhaken to its centre by the ir¬ 
ruption of Timour, continued in a very diftra&ed ftate 
during the whole of his reign. 
In the year of the hegira 824, Chizer, after having nar¬ 
rowly efcaped affaflination, and conquered feveral of the 
revolted provinces, marched his army towards Mewat, 
taking in his way the fort of Kotillah. The fultan turned 
thence towards Gwalior, where he raifed heavy contribu¬ 
tions ; and then haftened to Attava, levying tribute on 
the fon of Rai Sibber, who poffefled that country. His 
object was to vifit all the refraftory rajahs, who had held 
of Timour, and had revolted ; but, falling fick during his 
progrefs, he returned to Delhi, where he expired, after a 
reign of feven years and a few months. His death was 
much lamented bjr the people, becaufe, after the hardfhips 
the)'’ had endured, they were the more fenfible of the blef- 
lings they had lately enjoyed, by finding in Chizer a juft, 
generous, and benevolent, prince. 
After his death, his eldeft fon, Mubarick II. afeended the 
vacant throne. The early years of his reign were greatly 
difturbed by the incurfions of the mountaineers called 
Gickers; and alfo by an invafion of a numerous army of 
Moguls, commanded by Ali, governor of Cabul; but the 
good fortune of Mubarick prevailed againft them, and his 
country was reftored to peace; when his ambitious vizier 
afpired to the throne, , and watched an opportunity to af- 
faifinate the fultan. About this time, Mubarick had or¬ 
dered a city to be founded upon the banks of the Jumna, 
calling it “the city of Mubarick;” and made an excur- 
fion towards Tibberhind, with intent to take the diverlion 
of hunting. Having, on the way, received intelligence 
that Tibberhind was taken, he turned back to his new- 
city. He there received advices that war was carrying on 
between Ibrahim, king of the eaftern provinces, and 
Ho lining 
