5-3 HINDOOSTA N. 
cf the emperor Secunder, and many other rajahs in alli¬ 
ance, whofe force exceeded one hundred thoufand horfe, 
were 1 marching with rapidity to attack him. Buber, hav¬ 
ing no dependence on thofe wno had lately joined him, 
detached them to defend different provinces, and with his 
own Moguls he haftened towards theenemy. His van-guard¬ 
falling in with-theirs, upon the. frontiers of Biana, after a 
iharp conflict were repuifed with great lofs, which ftruck. 
tmufual terror into the king's final! army. Kis ally Neazi 
had fled to Simbol; Haffen joined the enemy ; and every 
day brought difagreeable intelligence from all quarters. 
The fultan, perceiving this panic, immediately called a 
council of war. The greateft part of the officers gave it 
as their opinion, that, as the fup^'iority of the enemy was 
evident, it was - advifabie to leave a ftrong garrifon in 
Agra, and to retreat, with the bulk of the army, to the Pan¬ 
jab. Baber, with a fullen frown, afked the chiefs, What 
would the world fay of a monarch whom the fear of death 
fnould oblige to abandon fuch a kingdom ? “ The voice 
of glory,” faid he, “ is loud in my ear, and forbids me to 
difgrace my name, by giving up what my arms have with 
fo much difficulty acquired. And, as death is at laft in¬ 
evitable, let us rather meet him face to face, than fhrink 
back to gain a few years of ignominious exiftence; for 
what can we inherit but fame beyond the limits of the 
grave!” The whole aflembly, infpired as if with one foul, 
cried- outat once, “ War l War !” The king, having been 
formerly much addicted to wine, made a vow never to drink 
any more, fnould he, upon this occaflon, prove victorious. 
Upon the ninth of the fecond Jimmad of the year of 
the hegira 933, Baber formed his line, with his guns, and 
rockets in front; and in that order he moved towards the 
enemy, whom he perceived advancing towards him. Hie 
order of battle was as follows : the line, which was Angle, 
-conlifted of fix brigades, excluflve of the king’s life-guard 
in the centre, where Baber polled liimfelf. Before each 
of the brigades, a.few paces in front, the fultan placed a 
fquadron of light horfe. In front of the whole, the artil¬ 
lery and rocket-waggons were drawn up in three d.ivi- 
fions, the right, left, and centre. The guns were chained 
together, fo as to form a kind of fortification againft the 
enemy’s cavalry. About ten o’clock the afelion was com¬ 
menced by the artillery. The left of the enemy, charg¬ 
ing the right of the Moguls, Jfoon clofed hand to hand, 
and compelled them to give way. But Baber, now direct¬ 
ing his right wing to wheel round, took them in flank, 
and, falling- upon the affailants with great fury, put them 
to flight, the'light horfe purfuing them with great flaugh- 
ter quite through their own line. The enemy, in the 
mean time, being fo numerous, extended their flanks far 
beyond the win£s of the fultan, and came down upon him 
in full force. Baber now,ordered his right and left wing 
to fall back, by which means his army was condenfed into 
a circle. In this pofltion he refilled the repeated afiauits 
of the Pataii army till three o’clock, his artillery all the 
while making great ilaiighter among them. Finding the 
enemy greatly fatigued by their repeated afiauits, he 
defied upon them in turn ; and, after great and uncommon 
exertions both of body and mind, Baber obtained the vic¬ 
tory.; and, as a monument to perpetuate the memory of the 
battle, he ordered a pyramid to be built upon an emi¬ 
nence near the field ; which, according to the favage cuf- 
tom of his age and nation, was buck round with the heads 
of the flain. 
The fultan now began to feel fomewhat of the bleffihgs 
of peace; and he wifely employed that interval in regu¬ 
lating the affairs of government, and in repairing the 
breaches of war. But, being at length attacked by an ar¬ 
dent fever, he lent in ha||e for his fon, the prince Hu- 
maiooh, who was then befleging the fort of Callinger, and 
appointed him his fucceffor; and on Monday the fifth of 
the firft of jemmad, in the year of the hegira 937, A. D. 
1530, he resigned his breath; and, agreeably to the direc¬ 
tion of his will, his body was carried to Cabul, and in¬ 
terred in the royal fepulchre. He was an early proficient 
in the arts of poetry, writing, and raulic. He wrote his 
own commentaries in the Mogul language, with elegance 
and impartiality ; and they were tranllated in tha reign of 
Akbar, by Chan Chanon, into the Perfian langrtage. He is 
with ft rift propriety called, “ the firft founder of the Mogul 
race of kings in Hindooftanbecaufe, though Gengis 
Khan, and Timur Bee, had before conquered this part of 
India, they never planted any of their own race upon, the 
throne, but were content with appointing viceroys, and 
marching back to their own country with their plunder 
and fpoil. 
The Mogul prince Hurrtaioon, immediately after the 
death of his father, mounted the throne of Agra. Ac¬ 
cording to the accurate Mr. Maurice, he was devoted to the 
lludy of aftronomy, and took great delight in judicial af- 
trology. He is laid to have fitted up feven houfes of en¬ 
tertainment, and named them after the feven planets. In 
each he gave public audience, according to the ruling 
planet of the day, ordering all the furniture, paintings, 
and alfo the dreffes of his attendants, to bear fome emblem 
of the ruling liar of that peculiar houfe or manfion of the 
heavens in which they were refpeftively to attend. In 
the houfe of the Moon, met foreign ambaffadors, travel¬ 
lers, and poets; military men attended him in the houfe 
of Brifput, or Mars ; and judges, lawgivers, and feCreta- 
ries, had audience in that of the “ Recorder of Heaven,” 
or Mercury. Thefe innocent fancies, however, loon gave 
way to the more important concerns of his empire. In 
the firft year of his reign, he led an army againft the 
ftrong fortrefs of Callinger; but, while he carried on the 
liege, Mahmud, the fon of Secunder Lodi, at the head of 
an army of Afghans, took polleflion of Jionpour, and car¬ 
ried the war into the eaftern provinces. Humaioon, on 
receiving intelligence of thefe commotions, raifecl the fiege 
of Callinger, and marching to Jionpour, in a pitched bat¬ 
tle overthrew the Afghans, and reinftated his- own vice¬ 
roy in hi9 former government of that province. 
The fultan, after this viftory, returned to Agra, and be¬ 
llowed honorary dreffes upon above twelve thoufand of hia 
courtiers. He, in the mean time, difpatched a herald to- 
Shere Khan, and demanded poffeflion of the fortrefs of Chu- 
r.ar, in the province of Oude, which Shere had held as go¬ 
vernor under fultan Ibrahim; hut, the moment he heard 
that his fovereign was flain, he affumed ah independent au¬ 
thority over the fortrefs and province; and now bade de¬ 
fiance to the meffenger of Humaioon. The fisltan, there¬ 
fore, marched againft Chunar, and reduced that ftrong 
fortrefs after a fiege of fix months. Having then gained 
the paflfes, he entered Bengal. Shere, in the mean time, 
carried away the treafure of the princes of Gour and Ben¬ 
gal, whom he had reduced, and fled to the mountains of 
Jarcund. The king continued his march to Gour, then- 
the capital of Bengal, and took it; but receiving intelli¬ 
gence of the rebellion of his own brother, the prince Hindal, 
at Agra, he haftened back by forced marches towards that 
city. 
Hindal had been fent to fupprefs an infurrefticn of 
Mohammed Mirza, who had efcaped to Canouge; but, 
inftead of performing that fervice, as foon as he law him- 
felf at the head of an army, and his brother, the fultan, 
in adiftant province, he.began toafpireto the throne. He 
accordingly put thofe to death who rejected his authority 
in Agra; and, throwing off every difguile, he ordered the 
chutba to be read in his own name, and then marched to 
Delhi, and befiegedit. The fultan left Jehangire and Ibra¬ 
him to command in Bengal, and haftened to quell this re¬ 
bellion. But, to add Hill more to Humaioon’s misfortunes, 
his other brother, Camiran, inftead of affilling him, 'afpired 
alfo to the throne, and marched with ten thoufand horfe to 
feize upon the fupreme authority. When he arrived at Del¬ 
hi, prince Hindal prevailed upon him to join his forces vrith 
his own; and they agreed, that one of them lliould reign at 
Agra, and the other in Delhi; after which they both com¬ 
menced the fiege. Ali, who defended the city, .acquainted 
Camiran, that he could never think of betraying his trull. 
