/ 
II I N D O 
and,.rather than be fo ungrateful to his prince, he was de¬ 
termined to Hied the laft drop of his blood; but. that, if 
he would firft polfefs himfelf of Agra, he would then, and 
not till then, give up the city of Delhi. When Camiran 
and his brother found the governor thus refolute, and that 
the fiege would colt them much blood and time, they let 
out together for Agra. When they had reached the en¬ 
virons. of that city, the jealoufy which the brothers enter¬ 
tained, of each other broke out into open war. Hindal, 
being deferred by many of his party, fled to Alvvir with 
five thoufand horfe and three hundred elephants; and 
Camiran, entering Agra, affumed the imperial dignity. 
At this juncture, Shere, the Afghan chief, fent a mef- 
fenger to Humaioon, to treat about a peace; which the 
fultan, thus befetby his two brothers, accepted with glad- 
nefs, upon the following conditions: that Shere fhould 
reign in Bengal and Behar, which he fhould hold of Hu¬ 
maioon, paying a fmall acknowledgment. But thefe con¬ 
ditions were no former figned and ratified, and a free in- 
tercourfe permitted between the two armies, than the per¬ 
fidious Shere, the very next morning, furprifed the empe¬ 
ror’s camp before day-break, and totally defeated him. 
As the bridge of boats which the king had been prepar¬ 
ing, was not finilhed, there was no way of efcape but by 
plunging into the river; all the boats being feized by the 
enemy, who had turned the rear of the fultan’s army. 
Humaioon, his nobles, and a great part of his army, were 
forced into the ftream, where eight thoufand Moguls were 
drowned, among whom was the prince Mohammed Ze- 
man. This terrible overthrow happened to Humaioon in 
the year of the hegira 946, A. D. 1539. The fultan, with 
the few who had furvived, fled to Agra. Prince Cami- 
ran, hearing of this defeat, haftened from Agra to Alwir, 
to -eonfult with his brother Hindal. Finding that the 
Afghans under Shere were likely to prevail, they were 
alhamed of their behaviour to their brother; and, when 
it was too late, thought proper to fupport him. In the 
mean time the Mogul omrahs, who were difperfed in the 
provinces, feeing the general danger, thought it neceffary 
to unite their ftrength. They accordingly haftened from 
all quarters to Agra ; Jehangire and Ibrahim having left 
Bengal, and even Mohammed Mirza, who had rebelled in 
Canouge, now united in the general caufe againft the 
Afghans. ' 
Shere, in the mean time, advanced to the banks of the 
Ganges; and, detaching his lbn Cuttub over the river, 
poffefled himfelf of the adjacent provinces. Humaioon, 
having received intelligence of thefe motions, ordered Huf- 
fein, the Ulbeck chief, againft him, with a great army. 
They met the enemy near Calpie, where an oblliinate en¬ 
gagement enfued ; in which, victory declaring for the Mo¬ 
guls, Cuttub, with a great part of his army, was cut off, 
and his head fent to Agra. The generals at the fame 
time, invited the fultan to come and have the honour of 
conquering Shere in perfon. Humaioon accordingly 
marched with a hundred thoufand horfe, and, crofling the 
Ganges near Canouge, was attacked by Shere, on the tenth 
of Mohirrim, in the year of the hegira 94.7, and again de¬ 
feated with great (laughter. Having unfortunately, as in 
the former aftion, the river clofe to his rear, the flight 
turned that way, and thoufands, to avoid the fwords of the 
enemy, chofe a watery grave. Thofe who efcaped, again 
fled with the king to Agra, to which city he was imme¬ 
diately purfued by Shere. The embarraffed fultan was 
now forced to retreat to Lahore, where he was joined by 
the greateft part of his Mogul omrahs, who had been dif¬ 
perfed in the action. Shere, to make the belt of his vic¬ 
tory, continued the purfuit, and eroded the Jullanpour; 
upon which the king was compelled to pafs the river of 
Lahore, and retreat towards Tatta and Bicker, upon the 
Indus. Camiran, now fenflble of his ungenerous beha¬ 
viour, was himfelf obliged to fly towards Cabul; and faw 
an empire wrefted from his family by the eft'efts of that 
bafe envy, which could not behold even a brother’s pro- 
Iperity without pain. 
Vol. X. No. 639, 
O S T A N. 37 
Humaioon, having crofled the Indus on his way to Eic- 
ke’r, hailed at Lori, and fent an ambaflador with a horfe 
and drefs to his coufin Huffdn, governor of Tatta, to re- 
queft his aid, that he might be able to. polfefs himfelf of 
Guzerat. Huflein, under fpecious pretences, amufed the 
fultan for upwards of five months, without affording him 
the leaft afiiftance, by which the fmall army he had be¬ 
come diftrefled for want of pay, and daily diminifhed in 
numbers. The prince Hindal, his brother, in the mean 
time deferted him, and went to Candahar, uniting himlelf 
againft the fultan with the governor of that province. 
Humaioon, however, with his little army laid fiege to 
Sewan, which he wiflied to obtain as a place of fecurity; 
when the treacherous Huflein, defirous ot getting the place 
into liis own hands, advanced with great force from Tatta, 
and, furrounding both the fort and the beflegers, prevented 
fupplies from being carried to either. Humaioon’s army 
was foon greatly diftrefled ; and the fultan, in this extre¬ 
mity, requelted Edgar, to whom he had recently given the 
government of Bicker, to join him with what forces he 
could raife; but this ungrateful omrali chofe rather to 
join Huflein, who promifed to givfe him his daughter, and 
fecure him in his government. Thus deferted and be¬ 
trayed, Humaioon with great difficulty effected his ef¬ 
cape ; nor could he even obtain, in that place, a few boats 
from his own perfidious fiubjefts, to carry his army acroft 
the river. After wandering along the hanks for fome 
days, he difeovered fome boats that had keen funk, and, 
railing them, tranfported his troops to the other fide. 
B ut on neither fide was there fafety for Humaioon : de¬ 
ferted by his unnatural brothers, and abandoned by ths 
omrahs of his court, to add completely to his affliction, a 
rebellion broke out in his little anr.y; and the governor 
of the province, Maldeo, to whole frontier he was now- 
flying for fuccour, formed a defign to feize him, and deli¬ 
ver him up to the ufurper Shere, who, with his fwifteft 
cavalry, ftill hung upon his rear. 
The diltreffed fultan, informed of the intended trea¬ 
chery of this old domeftic, mounted his horfe at midnight, 
and attended by a few faithful troops, his fultana, and 
f'uite, fled towards Amercot, which is about one hundred 
cofs from Tatta. His horfe falling down dead with fa¬ 
tigue, and the foldiers of Maldeo urging clofe behind, he 
was compelled to purfue his journey on the back of a ca¬ 
mel. The country through which he fled being an arid de- 
fert, the troops foon began to feel the utmoft diftrefs for 
water. Miftaking for fome days'their way to a rivulet, and 
the feafon being extremely hot, the wretched fugitives had 
not at laft the power to complain, but dropt filently and 
fucceflively, with their parched tongues protruded, mo- 
tionlefs and lifelefs, on the burning lands. Even the ca¬ 
mels fainted and died under the feverity of the drought ; 
and but a few, with the fultan, lived to reach the fort of 
Amercot. The rajah, being a humane prince, took com- 
paflion on their misfortunes; and fpared nothing that 
could alleviate their miferies, or exprefs his fidelity to tile 
fultan. 
At Amercot, upon Sunday'the fifth of Rigib, in the year 
of the hegira P49, or A.D. 1541, the famous Akbarwas 
born, who became fo illuftrious on the throne of Hindoo, 
ftan. The fultan, by the aid of the rajah, marched againft 
Bicker; but in this enterprife he loft the gallant All, one 
of his principal adherents, and was himfelf defeated. He 
then fled towards Candahar; and on his way was joined 
by his faithful Mogul chief, Byram Khan, from Guzerat. 
The prince Camiran, his brother, had at that time taken 
the fortrefs of Candahar from his brother Hindal; and 
Aflikari governed there by his appointment. On the ap¬ 
proach of Humaioon, Afhkari, inftead of affording him an 
afylum, attacked the fultan, obliging him to leave behind 
him his infant f'on Akbar, and fly himfelf, with the ful¬ 
tana Mariam, and only twenty-two of his domeftics, to 
Chorafan. Afhkari exp refled great forrow at the king’s 
efcape ; and, plundering his effects which he had feized, 
carried the young prince to Candahar. 
The 
