HINDOOSTAN. 
they are carried before him when the king goeth to the 
wars. Of gold parafols of ftate, richly fet with diamonds, 
one hundred. Of goid chairs of ftate, one hundred and 
five. Of large agate cryftal vafes for wine, adorned with 
gold and jewels, one hundred. Of drinking cups of gold, 
five hundred; of which are fifty exceedingly rich, all of 
one done, as beryl, fapphire, See. Of gold chains, lining 
with pearl, and rings fet with jewels, the number is infi¬ 
nite. Of gold-plate, of all kinds, exquifitely wrought, as 
diflies,' goblets,* bafons, three thoufand batmans.” This 
account, the author adds, concerns his palace of Agra 
alone; but every one of his palaces, Delhi, Cabul, and 
Lahore, has each its refpeXive proportion of limilar trea¬ 
sures. 
Upon the conclufion of thefe pageantries, the prince 
Khorum, third fon of the emperor, was dignified with the 
name of Shall Jehan, or'“king of the world;” under 
which title he was fent into the Deccan to collect the tri¬ 
bute and keep in order the revenues of that newly-con¬ 
quered domain. After the accompliftiment of thefe fer- 
vices, he feems to have difearded from his rpind all filial 
obedience and fraternal affeXion. He faw with indigna¬ 
tion a woman fwaying the feeptre of Hindooftan, and 
every poll of honour and emolument bellowed according 
to her fancy or caprice. He determined to break the 
charm by which his father and the empire were thus 
bound ; and rilk every confideration to obtain the throne, 
for which he elteemed himfelf fo much better qualified. 
The unfortunate Khofro, his elder brother, had been com¬ 
mitted to his cuftody, for having been guilty of the very 
fame offence. But this operated not upon the refieXion 
of Jehan ; and as Khofro was not wholly incapacitated for 
reigning, and might be an obftacle to his afcending the 
throne, he was therefore deftined to deftruXion. At 
midnight, fome hired aftaffins rallied into the chamber of 
the unfufpeXing prince, and ftrangled him in his fleep. 
Jehan had already under his authority the provinces of 
the Deccan, Candeifti, Berar, and Guzerat; over which 
he ruled -with unlimited authority, appointed governors 
to the feveral provinces and cities, and affeXed on all oc- 
cafions the Hate and fplendour of a king. 
But nothing lefs than the abfolute lovereignty would 
fatisfy his inordinate ambition; and to gain which he 
took the field at the head of a very numerous army. The 
emperor, to gratify his fultana, had for fome time removed 
his court to Lahore, which city Ihe defired might be made 
the metropolis of the empire. To this diftant province 
couriers wei'e haftily difpatched, to apprife Jehanguir of 
the danger that threatened him. This intelligence threw 
the whole court into the utmoft confternation, as there 
was but a fmall force at Lahore; and Jehan was rapidly 
advancing into the province, to give his father battle. 
Orders were immediately iftued for the neighbouring go¬ 
vernors of Cabul and Moultan to join the royal ftandard 
with all the forces they could mufter. The two armies 
met near Delhi, and a battle was fought; in which, by 
the firmnefs of Mohabet Khan, governor of Cabul, and 
the exertions of prince Shehriar, the king’s fourth and 
youngeft Ion, viXory declared in favour of the imperial 
army. 
Jehanguir, after defeating the rebels, marched firft to 
Agimere, and thence to Agra ; where the prince Parvez, his 
fecond fon, greatly incenfed at the prefumption of Jehan, 
had been colleXing a powerful army, which he was eager to 
-employ againft his rebellious brother. The emperor, thus 
wrought up to a pitch of Hern refentment at Shah Jehan’s 
perfidy, moll unadvifedly encouraged this fon to lead his 
inveterate army againft the troops of the other. The ri¬ 
val brothers came to an engagement at Mando, feventy- 
five miles to the north of Burhampour ; in which terrible 
confliX the event was long doubtful; but in the end 
Shah Jehan’s troops were defeated; and he attempted to 
make a fecond Hand at the river Nerbudda; but Parvez, 
crofting the ftream, drove his fcanty forces before him, 
Vol. X. No. 639. 
45 
and fixed his viXorious ftandards on the ramparts of Bur¬ 
hampour. 
Jehanguir, in the mean while, leaving thefe two rival 
foils to fight for his crown, retired with his fultana into 
the luxuriant province of Cachimere, Where he loon be¬ 
came diffoived in the foft languor and delights of love. 
He ufed to declare that he would fooner part with all his 
dominions, than with that fingle province. O11 the bor¬ 
ders of (i beautiful and fpacious lake, fituated to the north 
of the city of Cachimere, he raifed a palace of mod ele¬ 
gant conliruXion, adorned with every rarity of art, and 
fet oft* with the choiceft advantages of nature. But in 
the midft of thefe retired pleafures, Jehanguir received the 
fad tidings of the fudden death of the prince Parvez. 
His affeXion for this fon could only be equalled by the 
filial regard and dutiful attentions which Parvez ftudi- 
oufly paid to the will of his royal father. He was in ail 
his purfuits the very reverie of his brother Shah Jehan 5 
and the diftinguilhed virtues which his tVrly life difpjay- 
ed, afforded a happy prefage of future glory; but his un¬ 
timely death for ever deftroyed thofe flattering hopes 
which his father had indulged, and left him overwhelmed 
with anguifli and defpair. The gloom and fadnefs with 
which thefe confiderations opprefled him, and the daily 
intelligence he received of Shah Jehan’s frefti attempts to 
rend the crown from his aged brow, had fuch an effect 
upon his 'feelings, that he fell a viXim to a perturbed and 
diftrefied mind, and expired in a deep decline, at Bem- 
ber, in his way to Lahore, on the 27th of OXo’ber, 1627, 
in the fixtieth year of his age, and the twenty-fecond of 
his reign. 
Immediately on the news of his father’s death, which 
had been difpatched for him into the Deccan, Shah Jehan 
repaired to the city of Agra, where all the omrahs met, 
and in.velied him with the imperial dignity, amid the loud- 
eft acclamations of the people, who rejoiced in liim, be- 
caufe he had uniformly and lteadfaftiy oppofed the mal- 
adminiftration and perfecutions of the fultana Nourmahal. 
He was crowned on the firft of February 1628, in the thirty- 
feventh year of his age. The new emperor, however, was 
determined not to be behind-liand with any of his prede- 
ceffors, or their connexions, in fecuring abfolute autho¬ 
rity to himfelf, ■ or in imbruing his hands in blood and 
fcruelty. There appeared to be no furety in his lucceflion 
to the crown, while Shehriar, his youngeft brother, or 
Bolaki, his own nephew, the fon of his brother Khofro, 
whom he had long before caufed to be murdered, or either 
of the three fons of fultan Daniel, the deceafed brother of 
. the late emperor Jehanguir, remained alive ; though they 
were all confined in the caftle of Lahore. He fent, with¬ 
out delay, an order for the fecret murder of thofe unfor¬ 
tunate princes; and at midnight the blood-hounds of de- 
fpotifm Hole into their apartments, and ftrangled them in 
their beds. Their bodies were then privately conveyed 
away, and buried in a garden near the tomb of the de¬ 
ceafed monarch. In this manner, either by the dagger 
or the bow-ftring, were difpatched all the males of the 
houfe of Tamerlane ; fo that Jehan himfelf, and his chil¬ 
dren, alone remained of the pofterity of that great con¬ 
queror in India. 
To obliterate the memory of thefe fanguinary cruelties, 
Shah Jehan opened the gates of the ftate-prifon of Gwa¬ 
lior to a great number of criminals, who had languifti- 
ed in confinement there during the former reign. He 
then feduloufly applied himfelf to reXify the numerous 
abufes which, during the voluptuous reign of his father, 
had pervaded every department of the government. With 
inflexible feverity he pimilhed all well-founded complaints 
againft his officers, whether civil or military; and elta- 
biiftied an aXive and vigorous police throughout his do¬ 
minions. By appropriate rewards he encouraged agricul¬ 
ture; and by great immunities he promoted commerce. 
Midnight robbery and plunder, before fo frequent, were 
no longer heard of; and the viceroys in their refpeXive 
N provinces 
