H I P 
To have on the Hir. [ A low pkrafe .] To have an advan¬ 
tage over another. ]t feems to be taken from hunting, 
the hip or haunch of a deer being the part commonly feizcd 
by the dogs: 
If this poor branch of Venice, whom I cherilh, 
For his quick hunting, 'Hand the putting on, 
I’ll have our Michael Caflio on the hip. Shahefpeare. 
HIP,/, [from heopa, Sax.] The frr.it of the briar or 
the dog-role.—Years of ftore of haws and hips do com¬ 
monly portend cold winters. Bacon. 
Why fhould yon want? Behold, the earth hath roots; 
The oaks bear malts, the briars fcarlet hips. Shahefpeare. 
To HfP, v. a. To fprain or {hoot the hip.—His irorfe 
was hipp'd. Shahefpeare. —To furnilh with a hip; to dope 
down the corner of a roof. 
HIP, interjett. An exclamation, or calling to one; the 
fame as the Latin, cho, hois! Ainfwortk. 
H\B,f in architecture, a piece of timber placed at the 
corners of a roof. They are much longer than the rafters, 
becaufe of their oblique polition.— Hip alfomeans the angle 
formed by two parts of the roof, when it rifes outwards. 
HIP, or Hip'pish, adj. A corruption of hypochondriac. 
Ain [worth. 
HIP-GOUT, f. The gout in the hip.—Hippocrates af- 
firmeth of the Scythians, that, uling continual riding, they 
were generally molefted with the fciatica or hip-gout. Brown. 
HIP-HOP, f. A cant word formed by the reduplica¬ 
tion of hop: 
Your different takes divide our poet’s cares; 
One foot the fock, t’other the bufkin, wears: 
Thus, while he ftrives to pleafe, he’s forc’d to do’t 
Like Volfcius hip-hop in a fingle boot. Congreve. ’ 
HIP-ROOF, f. called alfo Italian Roof, one in which 
two parts of the roof meet in an angle, riling outwards : 
the fame angle being called a valley, when it finks inwards. 
HIP-SHOT, adj. Sprained in the hip; dilloca'ced in 
the hip. 
HIP-TREE, f. in botany. See Rosa canina. 
HIP'PA, in Egyptian mythology, a goddefs of great 
antiquity. In the Orphic verfes {he is laid to have been 
the foul of the world; and the perfon who received and 
follered Dionufus, when he came from the thigh of his 
father. This hiltory relates to his fecond birth, when he 
returned to a fecond Hate of childhood. Dionulus was 
the chief god of the Gentile world, and was worlhipped 
under various titles, which at length came to be looked 
upon as different deities. Moll of thele fecondary divi¬ 
nities had the title of Hippius, and Hippia : and, as they 
had female attendants in their temples, thefe too had the 
name of Hippai. As to- the term itfelf, which was be¬ 
come obfolete, the Greeks, who were but little acquainted 
with the purport of their ancient theology, uniformly re¬ 
ferred it to hofes. Hence we have Mars, Pofcidon Hippius-, 
and Ceres, Minerva, and Juno, Hippia. Hippa was a fa- 
cred Egyptian term.; and as inch was conferred upon 
Arfinoe, the wife of Ptolemy Phiiadelphus. As Ceres was 
ftiled Hippa, the Greeks imagined her to have been turned 
into a mare, and Hippius Pofeidon, in the lhape of a 
horfe, to have had intimate acquaintance with her. Ovid. 
Met. Ub.vi. The like is faid of Ocuroe, lib. ii. Pbvlera 
likewife was lb changed by Saturn, who -is Hid to have 
purfued her in the lame lhape oyer the mountains of 
Thelfaly. Virg. Georg, lib. iii. 
Tails et ipfe iuham cerzrice effudit equina 
Conjugis adventu permx Saturniis , et altum 
Pelion hinhitu fugiens implevit acuto. 
All thefe legendary dories (fays Mr. Bryant) arofe from 
this ancient term being obfolete and milapplied. Homer 
makes mention of the mares of Apolio, Iliad ii. v.. 766. 
Thefe Hippai, mifconllrued mares, were priefteffes of the 
goddefs Hippa, who was of old worlhipped in Theffaly, 
HIP 187 
in Thrace, and in many different regions. They chanted 
hymns in her temples, and performed the rites of fire;; 
but, the wor(liip growing obfolete, the very terms were at 
Jail miftaken. Many places were denominated from Hippa, 
It was a title of Apollo, or the Sun; and often compounded 
Hippa-On, contracted Hippon. Argos, according to He- 
fychius, was of old called Hippeion, art0 ‘Ittt m? rev A avaov, 
i.e. from a priellefs who founded there a temple, and in¬ 
troduced the rites of the goddefs whom Ihe ferved. As 
a title of the Sun, it -was lometimes expreffed Hippos. 
Paufanias takes notice of a very curious piece of antiquity 
near mount Taygetus in Laconia, called the monument 
of Hippos, the purport of which he almoft ruins by re¬ 
ferring to a horfe. The central part mull be defigned for 
the Sun ; and, however rude the whole may poffibly have 
appeared, it is the moll ancient reprelentation upon re¬ 
cord, and confequently the moll curious one of the pla¬ 
netary fyftem. Hence it appears that the titles Hippa, 
and Hippos, related to the luminary Ofiris; who was the 
fame as Dionufus. His worlhip was extenfive; we read 
of Montes Hippici in Colchis; 'lm.rov nu[A.n in Lycia ; 
'I-7rwot> uv.qa. in Libya; ‘lvnov ogo; in Egypt; a town Hip-, 
pos in Arabia Felix; aifo in compofition Hippon, Hippo- 
rium, Hippouris, Hippana, Hipponelus, Hippocrene. This 
laft'was a facred fountain, fo called from the god of light, 
who was the patron of verfe and fcience; but by the 
Greeks it was referred to an animal, and fuppofed to have 
been produced by the hoof of a horfe. - 
HIP'PACE, f- [iwTraxri, Gr. from, miroe, a horfe or 
mare.] The rennet, of. a colt. Alfo cheefe made from 
mare’s milk,-as was the cullom with the ancient Scythians. 
Beckmann. 
HIPPAR'CHUS, a celebrated ancient aftronomer, born 
at Nice, in Bithynia, and flourilhed between the years 
160 and 125 before Chrift. To him is aferibed the merit 
of having been the firlt perfon, who, from vague and Raf¬ 
tered oblervations, reduced altrohomy into a fcience, and 
profecuted the lludy of it fyftematically. Pliny lays, that 
he was the firft who attempted to count the number of 
the fixed liars; and the catalogue which he formed is pre- 
ferved in Ptolemy’s Almageft, where they are ail noted 
according to their longitudes and apparent magnitudes. 
Hipparchus is alfo memorable for Laving been the firft 
who dilcovered the preceflion of the equinoxes, or that 
flow apparent motion of the fixed liars from weft fo eaft, 
by which, in a great number of years, they will feem to’ 
have performed a complete revolution. Fie made his firft 
aftronomicul obfervations in the ifie of Rhodes, whence 
lie obtained the name of Rhodius ; but afterwards he pur¬ 
sued his ftudies in Bithynia and Alexandria only. His 
Commentary was firft publilhed by Peter ViCtorius, at 
Florence, about the middle of the fixteenth century; but 
a more correct edition of it was given by father Petau, 
with a Latin verfion and notes, in his Uraiialogia, pub¬ 
lilhed at Paris in 1650, folio. Befides the above, Hip¬ 
parchus compofed feveral other works, which were highly 
ipoken of by the ancients, but are now no longer extant. 
FIIP'PED, adj. Furnilhed with a-hip; Hoped off with 
a hip. 
HIPPEL'AEHUS, f. [from 1W - W0? , Gr. a horfe, and 
EXa<po;,.a flag.] A fabulous animal, lhaped like a ftag and 
a horfe. 
HIP'PEUS, f. in aftronomy, a kind of comet refembling 
a horle’s mane. 
HIP'PI, in ancient geography, four fmall iflands near 
Erythas. 
HIP' PI A, f. in botany, a genus of the clafs fyngenefia; 
order polygamia neceffaria, natural order of compofifte 
dilcoidese, (corymbiferte, Jujf- ) The generic characters 
arc—Calyx : common hemilplierical, fomewhat imbricate, 
with ovate feales. Corolla : compound, difeoid ; flofcules 
male, feveral in the difk; females ten ih the circumference ; 
proper of the males funnel-form, five-cleft, upright; of 
the females obfolete, tubulous, two or three-cleft. Sta¬ 
mina 5 
