190 HIP 
here by Gerarde in 1599; and fooner, namely, in 1578, 
according to Lobel. 
2. Hippocrepis multifiliquofa, or many-podded horfe- 
fhoe vetch : legumes peduncled crowded, circular, fmooth, 
lobed on the outer margin ; leaves and calyxes fmooth. 
This is alio an annual plant, with trailing Italics like the 
preceding, to which it has great refemblance; but the 
flowers, of this are produced upon long axillary pedun¬ 
cles. They are fmall, yellow, and many cluttered toge¬ 
ther. Pods narrower than thofe of the preceding fort, 
more incurved, and the outer border divided into lobes. 
It flowers and ripens its feeds about the fame time with 
that. Native of the fouth of Europe. 
3. Hippocrepis balearica, or thrubby horfe-lhoe vetch : 
legumes peduncled, crowded, fmooth, lobed on the outer 
margin ; leaves and calyxes fomewhat hairy ; Items anci- 
pital. Native of Minorca; flowers in May and June. 
Murray obferves, that it fo refembles H. comofa, as to 
make it difficult to find any limit between them. 
4. Hippocrepis comofa, or tufted horfe-fhoe vetch : le- 
urnes peduncled, crowded, arched, rugged, finuated on 
oth margins. Root perennial, thick, woody, fibrous, 
yellow on the outfide, white within. The whole plant is 
l'mooth. Stems trailing, afcending, grooved, from two to 
nine inches long, much branched. Leaves alternate, fre¬ 
quently coming out in bundles from the tops of the 
younger branches, the larger ones fix inches long, and 
fcarcely an inch broad, unequally pinnate; leaflets four 
or five pairs, fometimes fix, feldom more, oppofite, (fome- 
times not quite fo,) ovate, (according to Linnaeus, oval- 
linear,) retufe, toothed, (Pollich fays quite entire,) hav¬ 
ing a very fliort reddifli fpinule at the end, bright glau¬ 
cous green underneath, fubpetioled ; the largeft are near 
half an inch long, and two lines wide. Native of Ger¬ 
many, Italy, France, Auftria, and England, in calcareous 
foils; flowering from April to July. 
5. Hippocrepis barbata, or bearded horfe-fhoe vetch : 
legumes ftraight, fpike oblong, terminating; Item fuffru- 
ticofe, four feet high, upright, round. Native of Cochin- 
china. 
Propagatien and Culture. Thefe plants are propagated 
by feeds, which fhould be fown in the autumn, where the 
plants are defigned to remain ; and, when the plants come 
up, they mult be kept clean from weeds, and thinned 
where they are too dole, which is all the culture they re¬ 
quire. The two annual forts will decay in the autumn 
after they have perfected their feeds, but the roots of the 
third will continue two or three years, provided they are 
not in too good ground. The third fort mull be kept in 
the green-houfe, and the fifth has not been introduced in 
Europe. 
HIPPOD'AMAS, a fon of the Achelous,—of Priam.— 
Apollodorus. 
HIPTODAME,yi [from i7rffo7roT«//o?, Gr.] Afea-horfe : 
That his fwift charet might have paflage wyde. 
Which foure great hippodames did draw, in teme-wife tyde. 
Spenfer. 
HIPPODAMI'A, a daughter of CEnomaus, king of 
Pifa, in Elis, who married Pelops, fon of Tantalus. Her 
father, who was either enamoured of her himfelf, or 
afraid left he Ihould perifli by one of his daughter’s chil¬ 
dren, according to an oracle, refufed to many her, except 
to him who could overcome him in a chariot-race. As 
the beauty of Hippodamia was greatly celebrated, many 
courted her, and accepted her father’s conditions, though 
death attended a defeat. Thirteen had already been con¬ 
quered, and forfeited their lives, when Pelops came from 
J^ydia, and entered the lifts. Pelops previoufly bribed 
Myrtilus, the charioteer of CEnowmis, and enfured him¬ 
felf the viftory. In the race, GJnomaus, mounted on a 
broken chariot which the corrupted Myrtilus had pur- 
pofely provided for him, was eafily overcome, and was 
killed in the courfe; and Pelops married Hippodamia, 
add avenged the death of CEnomaus, by throwing into 
the lea the perfidious Myrtilus, who claimed for £tie re- 
H I P 
ward of his treacheiy, the favour which Hippodamia could 
grant only to her hulband. Hippodamia became mother 
of Atreus and Thyeites, and it is faid that flie died of 
grief for the death of her father, which her guilty corref- 
pondence with Pelops and Myrtilus had occafioned. 
HIPPOD'ROME, [from ww;, Gr. a horfe, and Spcpoi;, 
courfe.] In antiquity, a lift or courfe wherein chariot and 
horfes races were performed, and liorfes exercifed. The 
Olympian horfe-courfie was afpace of ground of 600 paces 
long, iurrounded with a wall, near the city Elis, and on 
the banks of the river Alpheus. There is a famous hip¬ 
podrome at Conftantinople, which -was begun by Alexan¬ 
der Severus, and finiffied by Conftantine. This circus, 
called by the Turks atmeican, is 400 paces long, and above 
100 paces wide. _ At the entrance there is a pyramidal 
obeliik of granite in one piece, about fifty feet high, ter¬ 
minating in a point, and charged with hieroglyphics. 
The Greek and Latin infcriptions on its bafe fhow, that 
it was erefted by Theodofius; the machines that were 
employed to raife it are reprefented upon it in baflo-relievo. 
There are veftiges in England of hippodromes, in which 
the ancient inhabitants of this country performed their 
races ; the mod remarkable is that near Stonehenge, which 
is a long traft of ground, about 350 feet, or 200 druidi- 
cal cubits, wide, and more than a mile and three quar¬ 
ters, or 6000 druidical cubits, in length, inclofed quite 
■round with a bank of earth, extending dircftly eaft and 
weft. _ The goal and career are at the eaft end. The goal 
is a high bank of earth, railed with a Hope inwards, on 
which the judges are fuppofed to have fat. The mette 
are two tumuli, or fmall barrows, at the weft end of the 
courfe. Thefe hippodromes were called in the language of 
the country rhedagua, the racer rhedagwr, and the car¬ 
riage rheda, from the Britiffi word rhedeg “ to run.” One 
of thefe hippodromes, about half a mile to the fouthward 
of Leicefter, retains evident traits of ■ the old name rhe¬ 
dagua , in the corrupted one of rawdikes. There is ano¬ 
ther of thefe, fays Dr. Stukeley, near Dorchefter ; ano¬ 
ther on the banks of the river Lowther, near Penrith in 
Cumberland ; and another in the valley of Royfton. 
HIPPOGLOS'SUS,/ The turbot. See Pleuronectes. 
HIP'POGRIFF, J. [from Gr. and y-v-^ ; hippo- 
grjfe, Fr.] A winged horfe, finely defcribed by Aricfto, 
It was the hieroglyphic emblem of fpeed among the an¬ 
cient Egyptians. See the article Egypt, vol. vi. p. 376, 
and the correfpondent Engraving, fig. 3. 
He caught him up, and without wing 
Of hippogriffe bore through the air fublime. Milton. 
HIPPOGROS'TIS,yi in botany. See Panicum. 
HIP'POLA, in ancient geography, a town of Pelopon- 
nefus. Paufanias. 
HIPPOLAPA'THUM, f. in botany. See Rumex. 
HIPPOLI'THUS, f [from ittwo?, Gr. a horfe, and 
M 0 o?, a ltone.] A name given by the Greeks to the con¬ 
cretion or ftone found in the ftomach or inteftines of a 
horfe. 
HIPPOL'YTE, a queen of the Amazons, given in 
marriage to Thefeus by Hercules, who had conquered 
her, and taken away her girdle by order of Euryltheus. 
She had a lbn by Thefeus, called Hippolytus. Propertius. 
HIPPOL'YTUS, a fon of Thefeus and Hippolyte, fa¬ 
mous for his virtues and his misfortunes. His ftep-mother 
Phaedra fell in love with him, and, when he refufed to pol¬ 
lute his father’s bed, fire accufed. him before Thefeus of 
offering violence to her perlon. Her accufation was readily 
believed, and Thefeus entreated Neptune feverely to punifh 
the incontinence of his fon. Hippolytus fled from the re- 
fentment of his father, and, as he purfued his way along 
the fea-fhore, his horfes were fo frighted at the noile of fea- 
calves, which Neptune had purpofely fent there, that they 
ran among the rocks till his chariot was broken, and his 
body torn to pieces. Temples were raifed to his memory, 
particularly at Trdezene, where he received divine honors. 
According to fojne accounts, Diana reftored him to life. 
Ovid. 
HIPPOL'YTUE 
