201 
HIRU 
ti. Hirundo rupeftris, the rock fwallow: moufe-colour; 
"beneath whitifli; tail fubequal, the feathers with a white 
•fpot on the inner web ; bill and naked legs black. Inha¬ 
bits Carolina; and builds in the holes of rocks. 
13. Hirundo montana, the crag fwallow: moufe-colour; 
beneath rufous; quill and tail-feathers grey-brown edged 
■with rufous; the latter, except the middle and outer ones, 
with a white fpot within; bill and claws black ; Hanks 
brown; legs covered with a grey down varied with brown. 
Inhabits, during the' fummer, the rocky and mountainous 
parts of France and Spain : five inches and a half long. 
14.. Hirundo purpurea, the purple fwallow: entirely 
violet; tail forked; bill black; legs blackilh; female 
brown. Inhabits Carolina and Virginia, during fummer; 
is very much elleemed by the inhabitants for its ufe in 
alarming poultry of the approach of birds of prey, which 
it does not only by fhrieking, but by attacking them with 
the greateft fury : feven inches and three quarters long. 
15. Hirundo fubis, the Canada fwallow : bluifh-black; 
beneath whitilh-alh; clouded with brown; quill and tail- 
feathers blackilh, edged with brown; legs and claws duiky. 
Inhabits Hudfon’s Bay. 
16. Hirundo Senegalenfis, the Senegal fwallow: firming 
black; beneath rufous; bill black; chin pale. Inhabits 
Senegal: eight inches and a half long. 
17. Hirundo ambrofiaca, the ambergris fwallow: grey- 
brown, or pale afii; bill blackilh; legs brown. Inhabits 
Senegal; five inches and a half long; fmells ftrongly of 
ambergris. 
18. Hirundo fafciata, the white-bellied fwallow: black; 
tranfverfe band on the belly, and fpot on the outer part 
of the thighs, white. Inhabits Cayenne and Guiana: fix 
inches long. 
19. Hirundo tap era, the Brafilian fwallow: tail-feathers 
equal; body blackilh, belly white; bill black; throat and 
bread: grey-brown; quill and tail-feathers blackilh-brown ; 
legs brown. Inhabits Brafil, Cayenne, and Jamaica: five 
inches and three quarters long. 
20. Hirundo torquata, the brown-collared fwallow: 
brown ; beneath white; tail even; pecloral band brown; 
between the bill and eyes-a white fpot. Inhabits the Cape 
of Good Hope: fix inches long. 
ai. Hirundoleucoptera,thewhite-winged fwallow: cine¬ 
reous with a glofs of blue and green, beneath, rump, and 
■wings, waved with white; lometimes lpotted with brown; 
bill black; wings longer than the tail; quill and tail-fea¬ 
thers brown, with a blue and green glofs; legs pale. Inha¬ 
bits marfhy places of Guiana: four inches and a half long. 
22. Hirundo pelafgia, the aculeated fwallow: tail-fea¬ 
thers equal, naked, and fubulate at the tip; bill and body 
brown; chin whitilh ; throat fometimes fpotted with 
brown ; rump grey; throat rufous-grey. Inhabits Ame¬ 
rica : four inches and a quarter long ; builds in chimneys. 
23. Hirundo acuta, the lharp-tailed fwallow: black; 
beneath brown, fometimes chefnut; tail-feathers naked, 
and fubulate at the tip ; bill and legs browm. Inhabits 
Martinico: three inches jnd a quarter long. 
24. Hirundo zonaris, the white-collared lwallow: black, 
with a white collar. Inhabits America. 
25. Hirundo Dauurica, the Dauurian fwallow: blue; 
beneath white; temples and rump ferruginous ; primary 
quill feathers blackilh, the tips obt.ufe, with a brown 
ftreak, the firft long; outmoft tail-feather twiee as long as 
the reft ; vent pale-alh, the feathers tipt with black. In¬ 
habits the alpine parts of Siberia; and builds an hemi- 
l'pherical neft in the clefts of the highelt rocks. 
26. Hirundo erythrocephala, the red-headed fwallow: 
dulky-black, the feathers edged with white; beneath 
white, head red ; tail-coverts brownilh. Inhabits India; 
the fmalleft of the genus. 
27. Hirundo Aoonalalhkenfis, the Aoonalafhka fwallow: 
black; beneath cinereous; rump whitilh. Inhabits Aoona¬ 
lalhka:. four inches and a half long. 
28. Hirundo Indica, the rufous-headed fwallow: brown; 
beneath whitilh; greater part pf the head rufous; fome 
Vol. X. No. 653. 
N D O. 
of the wing-coverts edged with white; quill-feathers 
longer than the tail; legs duiky. Inhabits India: four 
inches long. See a correct delineation of (his fpecies in 
the annexed Engraving, fig. 2. 
29. Hirundo nigra, the black fwallow : entirely black, 
or with a white ft ripe; fometimes blackilh-grey. Inha¬ 
bits the interior parts of South America : fix inches long; 
builds in a deep hole in the ground, with a long entrance. 
30. Hirundo Dominicenfis, the St. Domingo fwallow': 
black, with a fteel glofs ; belly white; bill and legs brown. 
Inhabits St. Domingo: feven inches long. 
31. Hirundo Peruviana, the Peruvian fwallow: black ; 
beneath white; band on the belly pale a(h ; quid and tail 
feathers pale-grey edged with yellowifli-grey ; round the 
eyes a brown circle. Inhabits Peru. 
32. Hirundo cinerea, the afli-bellied fwallow: black; 
beneath cinereous ; quill and tail feathers cinereous, 
edged ufith yellowifti-grey. Inhabits Peru, Otaheite, and 
Louifiana. 
33. Hirundo violacea, the violet fwallow : black-blue 
tinged with violet; greater quill-feathers within whitilh; 
bill and legs black. Inhabits Louifiana: eight inches 
and a half long. 
34. Hirundo chalybea, the chalybeate fwallow: black, 
with a fteel glofs; beneath white; wings and tail black; 
bill and legs brown. Inhabits Cayenne : fix inches long; 
lays in hollow trees. 
II. Toes all placed forwards. 35. Hirundo apus, the 
common fwift: blackilh ; chin white. The fwift is the mod 
alert of all the feathered tribe. Ever)' action is performed 
on wing. The materials of its neft it collects either as 
they are carried about by the wind, or picks them up 
from the furface in its fweeping flight. Its food is unde¬ 
niably the infects that fill the air. Its drink is taken in 
tranfient tips from the water’s furface. Even its amorous 
rites are performed on high. Few perfons who have at¬ 
tended to them in a fine fummer’s morning, but mult 
have feen them make their aerial courfes at a great height, 
encircling a certain fpace with an eafy fteady motion. On 
a fudden they fall into each others embraces, then drop 
precipitate with a loud lhriek for numbers of yards. This 
is the critical conjuncture ; and to be no more wondered 
at, than that infeCts (a familiar inftancc) fnould difcharge 
the fame duty in the fame element. This fpecies inhabits 
alrnolt every country: eight inches long; flies about 
chiefly in a morning and evening; its feet are fo fmall 
that it riles from the ground and walks with great diffi¬ 
culty ; is moltly on the wing, and refts by clinging to 
fome wall; builds under the eaves of houfes, in fteeples, 
and other lofty buildings. 
36. Hirundo melba, the necklaced fwift: brown; 
chin and belly white; bill black; collar brown, varied 
with blackilh ; wings and tail with a glofs of red and 
green ; breaft white ; lower part of the belly grey-brown ; 
legs flefh-colour, downy on the fore-part. The flelh of 
this fpecies is deemed a delicate food. Inhabits fouthern 
Europe and Afia : eight inches and a .half long; builds in. 
holes of turrets and rocks. See the annexed Engraving, 
%• 3 - 
37. Hirundo Cayennenfis, the white-collared fwift: 
blackifh-violet; head black; collar, ocular band, and 
thighs, white; greater wing-coverts brown, edged with 
white; legs downy. Inhabits Cayenne: five inches and 
a quarter long; builds a long conic neft, with a divifion 
in the middle. 
38. Hirundo Sinenfis, the Chinefe fwift: brown; be¬ 
neath reddilh-grey ; crown pale rufous; eyebrows brown ; 
chin and eyelids white ; bill, hides, and legs, blue-grey ; 
wings long. Inhabits China: eleven inches and a half 
long ; the largeft of the genus. 
Concerning the migration or brumal retreat of the 
fwallow, many fanciful and contradictory accounts have 
been given; for particulars of which, together with the 
laws oblerved in this extraordinary initinft of birds of 
paflage, fee the article Migration. 
3 F HIIIZTIOLMEN, 
