m HOG 
niufes and inventors. He may be laid to have created an 
entirely new fpecies of painting, which may be termed the 
moral comic. The Dutch and Flemish fchool, in their re- 
prefentations of vulgar life, had occalionally touched upon 
the humorous, but without any moral purpofe. Ho¬ 
garth’s pieces are all leflures of morality. They are fatires 
of particular vices and follies, exprefled with fuch ftrength 
of character, and fuch an accumulation of minute and ap¬ 
propriate circumftances, that they have all the truth of 
nature, heightened by the attraftions of wit and fancy. 
Of his works in feries, befides the. Harlot’s Progrefs, are, 
The R.ake's Progrefs; Marriage-a-la-Mode, Induftry and 
idlenefs, The Stages of Cruelty, and a fet of Election 
Prints. The Angle comic pieces from his pencil are very 
numerous, and many of them a conftant fiource of inex- 
hauftible amufement. But, after having acquired deferred 
reputation in his proper walk, Hogarth attempted to Ihine 
in 'the higheft branch of the art, and produced feveral un¬ 
fa c cefs ful fpecimens of hiftory-painting: it was his mil- 
fortune that the defefls of education, and a vulgar and 
comic turn of thinking, had incapacitated him for the 
graceful and fublime in Nature. A Sigiifnunda, which 
was to rival the Italian fchool, proved, according to lord 
Orford, “ more ridiculous than any thing he had ever ri¬ 
diculed.” Several of his pieces, however, in the middle 
Ityle, are not without'a confiderable lhare of merit. Al¬ 
though he profeffedly decried literature, he chofe to com¬ 
municate his ideas on a topic molt intimately connected 
with his art, and, by the aid of fome friends, produced in 
1753 a work entitled The Analyfis of Beauty, written 
with a View of fixing the fluctuating Ideas of Tafte, 4to. 
Its leading principle is, that beauty fundamentally con- 
fifts in that union of uniformity and variety which is found 
in the curve or waving line. This pofition is illuftrated 
by many ingenious remarks, and by fome plates charac¬ 
terise of the genius of the author; but it Was not to be 
expeCted that men of tafte were to acquiefce in any par¬ 
ticular fyltem upon the lubjeCt. 
By the refignation of his brother-in-law Thornhill, 
Hogarth, in 1757, obtained the place of ferjeant-painter 
to the king. This connection with the court probably 
induced him to quit the line of party-neutrality which he 
had hitherto obferved, and to engage againft the patriotic 
champion Wilkes, and his friends, in a print, publilhed 
September 1762, entitled “.The Times.” Some ilriCtures 
upon him on this account in a North Triton, produced 
his caricature of Wilkes; this occafioned an angry epiftle 
to the painter by Churchill, which was retaliated by a 
caricature of the poetical divine. On this occaiion, the 
earl of Orford fays, in his Hiftoty of Painting, “ Never 
did two angry men of great abilities throw mud with lefs 
■dexterity.” Hogarth’s powers Were, however, as yet un¬ 
impaired, for he had (hortly before produced one of his 
capital works, a fatirical print againft the methodifts, 
From this year a decline in his health took place, which 
In October, 1764, terminated in his fudden death, owing 
to the rupture of an aneuryfm in his cheft. He died at 
his houfe in Leicefter-fquare, and was interred at Chif- 
wick, under an elegant maufoleum, decorated with a 
poetical infeription by his friend Garrick. Hogarth was 
a man of rough manners, but wore a generous heart. He 
lived to enjoy an ample lhare of fame among his country¬ 
men; and fince his death, complete collections of his 
works have been regarded as highly valuable' by the cu¬ 
rious. A catalogue of all his prints has been given by 
the earl of Orford, in the work above-mentioned. The 
multiplicity of local and temporary circumftances intro¬ 
duced in his defigns, feemed to have rendered notes or 
illuftrations neceflary for the full covnprehenfion of them. 
A work upon this plan, accompanying Ihiall copies of his 
plates, entitled “ Hogarth Illuftrated,” by Mr. John Ire¬ 
land, has been well received by the public. His Life has 
alfo been written by Mr. J. Nichols, and recently pub- 
liflted with merited i'uccefs. The following character of 
Hogarth has been given by Mr. Prince Hoare, in his 
HO G 
“ State of the Arts,” publiflied in 1807 s “Of Hogarth, 
but one opinion can be entertained : a phoenix in the art,' 
which probably never before appeared in any country, he 
was in painting a moral fatirift. As Shakefpeare wrote 
to the paffions connected with moral fentiment, fo did 
Hogarth paint for the inftruction of every age, and 
‘through the eye correfl the heart.’ In fubjefts of fport- 
ive fancy, and in domeftic or familiar hiftory, the na¬ 
tive and charafteriftic powers of Hogarth were fingu- 
larly eminent: but his eulogy has been l'o often written, 
and lately fo amply difplayed by a learned and noble au¬ 
thor, the earl of Orford, that it would be here fuper- 
fluous; yet it may be allowable to remark, that in-the 
Confpicuous prominence of the intelleftual and moral 
properties of his art, in the wit, humour, and patriotifin, 
of his feenes, his powers in other profefiional points have 
been chiefiy overlooked. The picture of the Boys play¬ 
ing on the Tomb-ftone, at the fame time that it lays claim 
to fome of the higheft moral hiftoric merits, is an inftance 
of the moil Ikilful, and, it may be added, grand compofi- 
tion. In the feries of Marriage-a-la-Mode, feveral of the 
fubjefls are painted with a breadth, force, and clearnefs, 
of colour, which have feldom been furpafled; but the 
Breakfaft Table is the moft linking inftance of thefe 
merits.” 
HOG'ASTER,/! [ hogajlrum , Lat.] A little hog; it 
alfo fignifies a fheep of the fecond year. In the northern 
parts of England, fheep, after they lofe the name of lambs, 
are called hogs ; and in Kent, Sufiex, &c. tags. Cowell . 
HOG'BO, a town of Sweden, in the province of Gef- 
tricia: nine miles weft of Geffie. 
HO'GENHINE,yi in our old cuftoms, a ftranger or 
gueft lodged In a houfe or family for three nights, after 
which the mailer of the houfe was anfwerable for his good 
behaviour. 
HOG'GENBERG, a town of Germany, in Aullria: 
twelve miles fouth-weft of Freyftadt. 
HOG'GEREL,/! A two-year old ewe. Ainfwortk. 
HOGH, f. [otherwise written ho, how, or hough-, from 
hoogh, Dut.] A hill; riling ground; a cliff. Obfolete. 
That well can witnefs yet unto this day, 
The welters hogh, befprinkl’d with the gore 
Of mighty Goemot. Fairy Queen. 
HOG'GISH,a(f7. Having the qualities of a hog; brutilh; 
greedy; felfilh. 
HOG'GISHLY, adv. Greedily; felfifhly. 
HOG'GISHNESS, f. Brutality ; greedinefs; felfilhnefs. 
HO'GI, f. With the Turks, perfons employed in tran- 
feribing books. 
HOG'LA, [Heb. dame.] The name of a woman. 
HOG'LAND, a town of Norway, in the diocefe of Ag- 
gerhuus: thirty-two miles north of Frederickftad. 
HO'GO, J. [from haut gout, Fr.] A high relilh ; an of- 
fenfive fmell. In cookeiy, a mefs fo called from its high 
relilh. Scott. 
HOG'OLEN, one of the Carolinas, or New Philippine 
Iflands. 
HOGS'BY, a town of Sweden, in the province of Sma- 
land : thirty-three miles north of Calmar. 
HGGS'HEAD,/! A meafure of liquids containing fixty- 
three gallons : it is half a pipe, and the fourth part of a 
ton, by (tat. 1 Richard III. c. 13. 
HOG'STA, a town of Sweden, in the province of Up¬ 
land : feven miles north of Upfal. 
HOGBUND, a town of Norway, in the province of Ag- 
gerhuus: twenty-three miles fouth-well of Chrilliania. 
HOGUE (La), a town of France, in the department of 
the Channel: two leagues and a half eall-north-eaft of 
Valognes, and one and three quarters fouth Barfleur. In 
the year 1692, the Engiilh fleet, under the command of ad¬ 
miral Ruffe], obtained a glorious victory over the French, 
in the Engiilh Channel, oppoiite this town, and from 
thence called the battle of la Hogue, in which fifteen 
French men of war were taken, burped, or deltroyed. 
j HOGUE 
