£70 H O O 
2 vols. 4to. 1769 ; a work of great erudition, and procured 
for the author a high reputation throughout Europe. Its 
prolixity rendered it not fo ufeful to l'tudents, but a va¬ 
luable abridgment of it by Schutz, in 178a, has anfwered 
the purpofe of learners. A pofthumous work of Hooge- 
veen, entitled, DiEtionarum Analegicun Gracum, was printed 
at the prefs of the univeriity of Cambridge. 
HOOG'LY, a city of Hindooltan, in the country of 
Bengal, on the weft fide of a river of the fame name. In 
the time of the Mahometan government, it was the place 
where the duties and merchandize, brought up the weft- 
ern branch of the Ganges, were collected: twenty miles 
north of Calcutta, and feventy-five fouth of Moorfhedabad. 
HOOG'LY, a river of Hindooltan, formed by the union 
of two branches of the Ganges, the Coftlmbuzar and Jel- 
linghy; the only branch of the Ganges ufually navigated 
by (hips. It paffes by Hoogly, Chinfura, Chandernagore, 
Calcutta, &c. and runs into the Bay of Bengal. Lat. 21. 
40. N. lop. 88. E. Greenwich. 
HOOG'STRATEN, a town of Brabant, built in 1212 
by Henry duke of Brabant: fifteen miles north of He- 
rentals, and twenty-four fouth-weft of Bois-le-Duc. 
HOOG'STRATEN (David van), a Latin poet, born 
at Rotterdam in 1658. He ftudied at Leyden; and re¬ 
dded lome time at Dordrecht, till he was invited to be 
teacher in the Gymnafium of Amfterdam. In 1724, he 
unfortunately got his death by falling into one of the ca¬ 
nals. His works are : 1. Poemata Libri XI, Q altera Editio 
Auditor. Rotterd. 1710, 8vo. auEl. Amjt. 1729, 8vo. 2. Pha- 
dri Fabula, turn Notts , ibid. 1699, 12U10. and 1706, nmo. 
He afterwards publilhed a fplendid edition, with learned 
annotations, for the ufe of the prince of Nafiau, Amjl. 
1701, large 4to. with engravings. 3. Cornelius Ncpos, cum. 
Notts JeleElis, 1691 and 1706, ramo. 4. Terentii Comoedia, 
cum l.ocis paralklis, S 3 lrtdice Formularum uberrimo, 1718, 
jimo. 5. Nituw Woordenbock der Nederlandfche cn Latynfche 
Taal ; New Dutch and Latin Di&ionary, 1704, 4to. He 
iuperintended alfo the publication of Jani Brouhhv/ii Poe¬ 
mata, Lib. XVI. 1711. 
HOOK, /. [hoce, Sax. Jioeck, Dut.] Any thing bent fo 
as to catch hold ; as, a Ihepherd’s hook, and pot-Z/ee/ir.— 
They allayed with great kooks and ftrong ropes to pull it 
down. Knolles. —The curvated w r ire on which the bait is 
hung for fifties, and with which the filh is caught : 
Thou divine Plato thus of pleafures thought, 
They us with hooks and baits, like fifties, caught. Denham. 
A fnare; a trap : 
A (hop of all the qualifies that man 
Loves women for, befides that hook of wiving, 
Fairnefs which llrikes the eye. Skaktfpearo. 
An iron to feize the meat in the caldron : 
About the caldron many cooks accoil’d. 
With hooks and ladles, as need did require. Fairy Queen. 
A fickle to reap corn.—Peafe are commonly reaped with 
a hook at the end of a long ftick, called hacking. Morti¬ 
mer. —An inftrument to cut or lop with ; 
Not that I’d lop the beauties from his book, 
Like (lathing Bentley with his defperate book. Pope. 
The part of the hinge fixed to the poll: whence the pro¬ 
verb, off the books, for in diforder: 
My doublet looks, 
Like him that wears it, quite off o’ the hooks. Cleaveland. 
Hook oa Crook. One way or other; by any expe¬ 
dient ; by any means dirett or oblique. Ludicrous .—He 
would bring him by hook or crook into his quarrel. Dryden. 
Which he by hcoh or crook had gather’d. 
And for his own inventions father’d. Hudibras. 
To HOOK, v. a. To catch with a hook. To intrap ; 
to infnare. To draw as with a hook. To fallen as with 
a hook. To draw by force or artifice.—There are many 
H O O 
branches of the natural law no way reducible to the tw$ 
tables, unlefs hooked in by tedious confequences, Norris, 
HOOKA,/, A convoluted pipe, of*a fingular conllruc*- 
tion, through which tobacco is fimoked in molt parts of 
Afia. See the article Hindoostan. 
HOOKE (Nathaniel), well known as the author of a Ro¬ 
man Hiftory. He is laid, from the year 1723, to his death 
in 1764, to have enjoyed the confidence and patronage cf 
perfons diftinguilhed as well by their virtue as their rank. 
He was recommended to Sarah duchefs of Marlborough, 
to affift her in compiling the memoirs of her own life, for 
which fervice Ihe prefented him with five thoufand pounds. 
The book, entitled, An Account of the Conduft of the 
Duchefs of Marlborough, from her firft coming to Court,, 
to the Year 1710, was publilhed in 1742. Hooke’s great 
work, The Roman Hiftory, from its earlieft periods to the 
lettlement of the empire under Oftavius, is compriled in 
4 vols. 4to. publilhed in 1733, 1745, i7<>4»and 1771. It i« 
a performance of great accuracy and precifion in the detail 
of fafls, and confiderable critical acumen in the difcuftioii 
of contrary evidences and-authorities. > The ftyle is clear 
and perfpicuous, befides being elleemed for its impartiality. 
Another work upon Roman affairs was Obfervations on 
four Pieces upon the Roman Senate, 1758, 4to. in which 
he difeuffed the opinions of Vertot, Middleton, and Chap¬ 
man, not without fome leverity with rel’pedt to the two 
latter. He alfo attempted to invalidate the hillorical au¬ 
thority of Dionyfius of Halicarnaffus. This work pro¬ 
duced a reply from Mr. Spelman, the tranflator of Diony¬ 
fius. He iikewife publilhed a tranllation of Ramfey's 
Travels of Cyrus. . 
HOOKE (Robert), an eminent Englilh mathematician, 
bom at Frelhwater, in. the Ifie of Wight, where his father 
was rebtor, in 1635. After his father’s death, he was lent 
to Weftminfter l'chool, where he was patronifed by Dr. 
Bulby. Here he made confiderable proficiency in Euclid’s 
Elements, as well as in Latin and Greek. In 1653, he 
was fent to Chriftchurch College, Oxford; and in 1655, 
he was introduced to the Philolophical Society in that 
city. He was fome time afterwards employed to aflift Dr. 
Willis in his chemical operations; and he was by that 
gentleman recommended to the honourable Robert Boyle, 
whom he attended for feveral years in the fame capacity. 
In 1655, Iikewife, he was inftrufted in aftronomy by Dr. 
Seth Ward, Savilian profeffor of that icience ; and, apply¬ 
ing himfelf to improve the pendulum for aftronomical 
obfervations in the two fubfequent years, he. contrived a 
method of continuing the motion of the pendulum, the 
invention of which was fo ftrongly recommended by Ric- 
cioli, in his Almageft. Having made fome trials for this 
purpofe, which lucceeded to his wilh, he endeavoured to 
improve his dii'covery ftill further, in order to make ufe of 
it for finding the longitude; and by applying fprings to 
the arbor of the balance of the watch, for regulating its 
vibrations in any pofture, he invented, in 1658 and the 
following year, what is now called the pendulum-watch. 
At lead the Englifli contend that the honour of this dif- 
covery is due to their countryman, while the French, 
Dutch, See. aferibe it to Huygens. About the lame time 
Mr. Hooke invented feveral aftronomical mftruments, for 
making obfervations both at lea and land, and was parti¬ 
cularly lerviceable to Mr. Boyle, in completing the inven¬ 
tion of the air-pump. 
When the Royal Society was firft eftablilhed by charter 
in 1663, Mr. Hooke was one of thofe firft nominated by 
the council; and he afterwards became a member of the 
council himfelf. During the fame year he was nominated 
by lord Clarendon, chancellor of the univeriity of Oxford, 
for the degree of M. A. loon after which the repofitory 
of the Royal Society was ordered to be committed to his 
care; and in 1665, the Royal Society chofe him their cu¬ 
rator of experiments for life; foon after which he was 
elected profeffor of geometry at Grelham college. He 
now publilhed his Micographia, or philolophical Defcrio- 
tions of fome minute Bodies n»de by Magnifying-Glaffes; 
4 - ii* 
