sgo H o R 
fix from London. It fends two members to parliament, 
and is governed by a Reward, and two bailiffs, who are 
the returning officers. Horffiam had its name from Horla, 
brother to Hengift the Saxon; and has fent members to 
parliament ever fince the 30th of Edward I. Here is a 
large new-built county gaol; and here the Lent affixes for 
the county are conflantly liolden. The church is a very 
ancient Rrufture, large, and handfome. Here is a large free- 
fchool, and other charitable endowments. The market- 
day is Saturday; alfo on the laft Tuelday in every month 
there is a large market for cattle. Here are live fairs an¬ 
nually, viz. Monday before VVhit-Sunday, July the 18th, 
the Saturday following, November the 16th, and Novem¬ 
ber the 27th. 
HOR'SHAM, a town (hip of the American States, in 
Montgomery county, Pennlylvania. ' 
HCRS'ING,^ Mounting on horfeback; covering a 
mare; putting a boy on another’s back previous to 
flogging. 
HORSTEY (John), a learned Englifli antiquarian, a 
native of Northumberland, educated at the grammar- 
fchool of Newcaftle-upon-Tyne. He was afterwards en¬ 
tered in one of the Scotch univerfities, where he took his 
degree, and then fettled at Morpeth, as pallor to a con¬ 
gregation of diffenters. He died in December 1731, at 
the age of forty-fix. His great work, entitled Britannia 
Romana, did not appear till 1732, fome time after his death. 
It contains an hiftorical relation of the Roman tranfadlions 
in Britain ; and a defcription of the Roman walls, illuf- 
trated with maps. The l’econd part contains a'collection 
of all the Roman infcriptions and fculptures which have 
been difcovered in Britain ; and the third part is devoted 
to the geography of the ifland, as laid dowm in Ptolemy, 
Antonine’s Itinerary,the Notitia, See. Mr. Horlley was li'ke- 
wife well verfed in mathematical lludies, and gave leCtures 
in the feveral branches of natural philofophy with great 
approbation, both at Newcaftle and Morpeth. 
HORST, a town of Germany, in WeRphalia, and bi- 
ftiopric of Paderborn: ten miles weR-fouth-weR of Pader- 
* bom, in the road to LipRadt. 
HORST, a town of Germany, in WeRphalia, and county 
of Mark ; fix miles north-north-weR of Hattingen. 
* HORST, a town of Germany, in the duchy of IiolRein : 
four miles eaR of Krempe. 
HORST'MAR, a town of Germany, in WeRphalia, and 
bifhopric of Munller: fifteen miles north-weR of MunRer. 
Lat. 52. 9. N. Ion. 24. 48. E. Ferro. 
KORSZC'ZYK, a town of Poland, in the palatinate of 
Voihynia: forty-eight miles north from Zytomiers. 
IIOR'TA, or Horti'num, in ancient geography, a 
town of the Sabines, on the confluence of the Nar and the 
Tiber. Virgil. 
KOR'TA; a town of Portugal, in the province of Beira: 
one league and a half fouth from St. Joza da Pefqueira. 
KOR'TA, or Orta (Garcius : ab), a Portuguefe her¬ 
bal iR, and profeffor of philofophy in the univerfity of 
Lilbon. In 1534, he embarked for the EaR Indies, in the 
fleet commanded by De Soula. He afterwards became firll 
phyfician to the count of Redondo, viceroy of the Indies; 
and died at Goa, in an advanced age. He compoled a valua¬ 
ble work,in the Portuguefe language, on the medicinal and 
edible plants of India, entitled Coloquios fibres os fimplices, 
&c. Goa, 1563, 4to. which gave to Europe the firR notice 
of the vegetable riches of that country. His work was 
* nearly copied by ChriRopher da CoRa, in a book on the 
fame fubjecl, only throwing it out of the dialogue form, 
and adding figures. Clufius alfo tranllated it into Latin; 
and other verfions were made of it in different languages. 
HORTAL'IGER, f. Among the Turks, one of the 
officers who are to prepare the tents and lodgings for the 
grand figniorand his retinue on anyexpedition.Dh5.c/H;7s. 
HORTA'TJON, f. [ horlatio , Lat.J The aft: of exhort¬ 
ing ; a hortatory precept; advice or encouragement to 
fornething, 
HORTATIVE, f. {jiortor, Lat.J Exhortatioh; precept 
3 
H O R 
by which one excites or animates.—Generals commonly 
in their hortalives put men in mind of their wives and 
children. Bacon. 
HORTATIVE, adj. Belonging to exhortation. 
HORTATORY, «</;. \_hortor, Lat.J Encouraging; ani¬ 
mating ; advifing to any thing; uled of precepts, not of 
perfons; a hortatory fpeech, not a hortatory fpeaker. 
HORTEN'SIA,yi in botany. See Hydrangea. 
HORTEN'SIA, [Latin.] The name of a woman ; the 
daughter of Iiortenfius; a Roman lady of remarkable 
eloquence. 
HORTEN'SIAN, adj. [hortus , Lat. a garden.] Belong¬ 
ing'to a garden. 
HORTEN'SIUS (Quintus), a celebrated Roman orator, 
bom in the year before ChriR 115. He began to plead atr 
the age of nineteen; and the firR caufe in which he ap¬ 
peared was that of the people of Africa; and he after¬ 
wards pleaded for the king of Bithynia. When judicial 
proceedings were interrupted by the Social War, Horten- 
fius entered into the army, and rofe to the poll of mili¬ 
tary tribune. He afterwards paffed through the ufual 
courfe of civil offices to the confulfhip, which he ferved 
with Csecilius Metellus in the year before ChriR 70. At 
that period he had acquired lo much power and diflinc- 
tion by his eloquence, that, when the lot of the Cretan 
war fell upon him, he refigned it to his colleague, pre«“ 
ferring the peaceable triumphs of the forum and fenate- 
houfe. He exclufively led the Roman bar till the appear¬ 
ance of Cicero, who was his junior by fome years, and 
firR rivalled, and then fur paffed, him. It was to the cre¬ 
dit of thefe two great orators that they lived on terms of 
friendlhip, which is imputed to the mediation of Atticus, 
the common friend of both. Cicero has teRified that Hor- 
tenfius was not the enemy or detraftor of his praifes, but 
rather the partner of his labours and fame ; and that they 
never impeded each other’s career, but, by their mutual' 
communications, admonitions, and encouragements, were 
each other’s auxiliaries. Hortenlius was a writer, and 
publiffied annals, orations, and licentious verfes ; but he 
gained lei's reputation by his pen than by his powers as 
an advocate. He continued to plead till within a few 
days of his death, which happened in his lixty-fourth year, 
before ChriR 51. 
Hortensia, daughter of the orator, inherited her fa¬ 
ther’s eloquence; which file exercifed in pleading the 
caufe of the Roman ladies before the triumvirs, Antony, 
Octavius, and Lepidus,. who had ilfued an edict compel¬ 
ling them to declare their property as preparatory to a 
heavy taxation. Her harangue was extant in the time of 
Quintilian, who fpeaks of it with diilinguiflied applaule. 
HORTEN'SIUS (Lambert), a Dutch writer, bom in 
1518, at Montfort, in the province of Utrecht. He de¬ 
rived his Latin name from the circumRance of being fon 
to a gardener. He Rudied firR at themniverfity of Lou¬ 
vain ; and afterwards was a preceptor in the college of Sp. 
Jerom. at Utrecht, and entered into prieft’s orders. In 
1544 he accepted the prefecture of the college of Naer- 
den, which he held till his death. At the cruel lack of 
that town by the Spaniards in 1572, (fee the article 
Holland, in this volume,) his houfe was'pillaged, and 
his natural fon maflacred before his eyes. He himfelf 
was near undergoing the fame fate, when he was recog- 
nifed and laved by an officer who had been his fcliolar. 
He died a year or two afterwards at his country-houfd. 
near Naerden. He wrote annotations on the fix firR books 
of the Eneid, and on Lucan’s Pharfalia: they were pub- 
lilhed after his death at Utrecht, in 1578. His other works 
were, t . Seccjfionum Civilium Ullrajchlinarum Lib. VII. 2. De 
Bello Germauico a Carolo V. Carj. gejlo, Lib. VII. 3. De Tu- 
multu Anabapiijlarum. 4. Satyrarum Lib. VIII. 5. Epitha- 
lamiorum Lib. I. 
IIQR'TES, a town of France, in the department of the. 
Upper Marne, and chief place of a canton, in the diRrift 
of Langres : three leagues eaR from Lar.gres. 
HORTICULTURAL, adj. Belonging to horticulture. 
HORTICULTURE^, 
