, II O R T I C 
week, in a warm horde *. Small fallading, under glafs. 
Radiihes, early purple Ihort-top, or early Sandwich, will 
fucceed in a Couth' afpefh Carrots, a few early horn, in 
a warm border, may be tried. Plant Anjou cabbage, and 
boorcole. Brocoli, a few.plants, firft week, for lateft 
fpring ufe. Coleworts, firft' week. Cabbages, any time. 
Endive and celery, firft week, for late fpring ufe. Cauli¬ 
flowers, fettle foon. Lettuces, lhalots, garlic, rocambole, 
in dry ground. Wall-trees, and other lhrfibs, any time; 
but ever-greens the firft week. Layers of trees and fnrubs 
made laft year being rooted, take up, and plant out for 
good. Propagate trees and flirubs by fuckers; and by 
layers of the young wood, rofes, jafmines, bay, laurel, 
Iaurtiftinus, vines, figs, filberts, codlins, mulberries; &c. 
By cuttings or flips, goofeberries, currants, barberry, jaf¬ 
mines, honey-fuckles, laurels, box, &c. 
NOVEMBER.—This is moft commonly the principal 
month for planting, though October is by far the beft: 
but, if not then done, it will not be now proper to delay it. 
The leaves not being off fhouid be no obftacle. Now anti¬ 
cipate winter, foas to put all things in order, and furniih the 
ground early. Vacant ground, dig, manure, trench, hoe. 
Weed crops of fpinach, winter onions, &c. Cucuinber and 
melon earth, ftore up in dry time. Dig up carrots, potatoes, 
Jerusalem artichokes, and parftnips. Alfo, when in dan-, 
ger of froft, fome red beet, fcorzonera, falfify, Ikirrets, 
Hamburgh parfley, leeks, turnip-radifhes, and horfe-ra- 
difh, all of them may be preferved .awhile in a cellar, or 
longer in dry fand. Fruit, lateft forts, gather in the firft 
week; and examine that already houfed. Prune all trees, 
except figs, but cherries the firft. Cauliflowers under 
glaffes attend to, and thofe in head break the leaves over. 
This vegetable, and brocoli, may be taken up when in 
profpeft of froft, and laid in a cellar, where they will keep 
perhaps a month; but tie the leaves together at the tops 
with yarn, or a hay-band. Sow carrots, early horn. Beans 
and peafe the firft week, for a principal early crop. Plant 
celery yet, and endive ridged. Coleworts and cabbages, 
in the firft week. Wall-trees, and others. Shrubs, de- 
*®ciduous; but not ever-greens. Strawberries, upon ne- 
ceflity, but do it the firft week. Propagate as laft month, 
by fuckers, flips, divifions, cuttings, of various forts, and 
layers, as rofes, &c. 
DECEMBER.—Though the garden is now no longer 
a decorated fcene, yet it affords many things of promile, 
which demand attention; and which the induftrious hor- 
ticuiturift will feduloufly forward for the coming year. 
•In order to this, guard againft froft by every poifible 
means. All vacant ground clean, dung, rough-dig, or 
trench. Hot-beds prepare and manage the materials for. 
Compofts incorporate well by turning over. Orchards 
prune and drefs, dig, or plough the foil. Prune wall 
pear-trees, efpaliers, and fhrubs. Drain the wet from 
orchard, garden, liurfery, See. Sow beans, peafe, radifhes, 
lettuces, under glafs in a warm border ; fmall fallad, as 
crefs, muftavd, and lap-lettuce, on a flight heat. Thus 
the old year with its produce dies away, to be renovated 
in improved products by the new one. 
Of the NURSERY. 
By means of a nursery, trees are ready upon the fpot, 
to be tranfplanted without damage to the roots from being 
long out of the ground ; and, the climate and foil being 
the fame in which they are railed, and are to grow and to 
Fruit, there is a fort of certainty of fuccefs, that could not 
otherwife be had. There is alfo a great advantage in raif- ' 
ing trees, in a very material point, in an affurance of 
having fruit that we know we like, by getting grafts, or 
buds, from trees of which we have tafted and admired 
the fruit. 
In a nurfery, flocks may be raifed for fruit-trees, flirubs 
propagated by fuckers, flips, and cuttings, and flowers of 
the biennial and perennial forts may be fown, bulbous 
offsets planted, and thus 3 flock may be readily provided 
for furriifhing any part of the pieafure-groimd. For all 
¥ol. X. No, 67 l, 
U L T U 11 E. 4 09 
or fome of thefe objeftsj a fpot fhouid.at ail'events be al¬ 
lotted, if it were only the cool corner of a large garden, 
having a good foil. 
Suckers, flips, and cuttings of any kind, fhouid be at¬ 
tended to for forming a proper head ; fhorfcening the fhoots, 
and keeping a Clear Item below, and. the roots free front 
fuckers. Two years commonly fit fuckers for planting 
out, and three years flips and cuttings. , Seedlings of the 
choicer fruits are beft raifed in pots. 
A nurfery fhouid be laid out ip to beds of about four 
feet wide, with alleys of about two; and thus all the work 
of it will be done conveniently, and the plants will have 
free air to ftrengthen them. In the alleys may be buried 
fome dung, which will be at hand, and ufeful, when well 
rotted by time and turning over, to drefs the beds as they 
may need it. 
Stocks for grafting fruit are raifed from fuckers of 
plums, cherries, codiins, crabs, pears, and quinces; and 
fometimes from cuttings of codlins and quinces; but 
thofe flocks raifed from feeds and ftones are much beft, 
if we ccnfult freedom of growth. If l'ucker-ftocks grow 
ever fo well, they are apt to put forth i’uckers, which is 
not only a troublefome circumftance, but exhaufts a tree, 
and prevents fruitfulnefs. It is to be underftood, that 
the graft will in fome meafure paytake'of the nature of 
the flock; therefore foft mealy fruit ought to be propa¬ 
gated on auftere ftocks, and the contrary; tender deli¬ 
cious fruits, deligned for forcing, Ihould always be on 
lmart-flavoured’ ftocks, or they become infipid. 
Though crab-ftocks -for apples are moftly uied, yet the 
ripe black feeds of any other linart-eating. apple may be 
fown, either in autumn or fpring ; low in October or No¬ 
vember; and, if this flawing fails, the enfuing fpring may¬ 
be adopted, towards the end of February. At thefe times, 
the well-ripened feeds of pears, or ftones of plums or 
cherries, may be fown. The ftones of any fort of plum 
(damfons excepted) produce ftocks for apricots, peaches, 
and nectarines; and, though the white forts are commonly- 
preferred, the red wheat-plum is excellent for the apricot; 
of black plums the mufeie is thought the beft. 
Thofe feeds or ftones that are faved early, or are to be 
kept through the winter for fpring-fowing, Ihould be pre¬ 
ferved from air in dry fand: let them be put in a box 
layer upon layer, three or four courles, covering the top 
three inches, and guard againft mice. Nuts, acorns, and 
chefnuts, are put in the ground at the fame time, as alfo 
the feeds of various forts of flirubs and foreft-trees. The 
tenderer forts of flirubs and trees are indeed beft fown in 
March, or beginning of April; and a gentle hot-bed would 
be of advantage, to bring up the feeds with certainty. 
The feeds or kernels of apples and pears may be fown in 
drills a full inch deep, a foot afunder, and fcattered thinly 
in them, preffmg the ground a little to them; or fow at 
broadcaft. But take care not to ufe the feeds of fruit 
that has grown on a hollow tree, for they will rarely 
vegetate. 
The ftones of any fruit fhouid be fown at near two 
inches depth; and nuts, &c. at three or four. Stones and 
nuts muft be fet thin, with the Email end upwards; for 
here the flioot pufhes out. If the beds are fown all over, 
cover the feed with mould previoufly drawn afide in the 
alleys; but drills have the neatelt appearance, and fome 
little ufe may be made of the fpaces between them the 
firft year. Prepare the beds by digging the foils well to 
a full foot in depth, and let the iurface be made fine; 
thus will the roots ftrike down freely to preferve them- 
felves from drought, wet will drain away, and the young 
plants pulh ftraight upward; four-feet beds are beft. 
During the firit year, they ihould he kept moderately 
cool, by watering in dry leafons, or laying mofs, or fome 
fhort litter, over the beds. And as to weeding, though 
they muft not lie fmothered, yet fome fmall weeds may be 
fullered to grow in lummei',as they help to lhade the plants, 
and keep the ground cool. Seedling trees are very apt to 
fuller by drought. Thin them in the fummer, after rain, 
from two inches to three or four afunder, according to 
5 M their 
