416 HORTIC 
by the conftruftion of the Pinery he now offers to the 
notice of the public. The general form of the hot-houfe 
for this purpofe, is of no confequence; fo that any of the 
hot-houfes already ■ erefted may be eafily altered tofu.it 
this plan; which i.s carried into effect by only one fur¬ 
nace, fupplied with air flues, and regulated by regifters. 
A large air-chamber is allb formed around and above it, 
by flooring the whole hot-houle with pavement, or large 
tiles. A paflage is to be made through the middle of the 
houfe, above the openings which communicate with the 
air-flues below. This paflage forms the houte into two 
beds or pits for tire pine-apples. Under each of thefe, 
above the pavement, mufi be laid broken bricks or ftones, 
fix or eight inches in depth; then over thefe may be laid 
two inches of rough gravel, over that one inch of coarfe 
land, and afterwards a rich maiden earth or mould, in 
which the pines are to be plunged. 
The intention of the rough Hones, is to preferve an 
air-vacuity between the earth in which tile plants are 
placed, and the heated pavement. And the great advan¬ 
tage of having it formed in this way, is, that the ftones 
and gravel will preferve an equable heat a much longer 
time than bark, and completely prevent any danger of 
over-heating the roots of the pines. 
Holes and tubes, with covers or ftoppers neatly fitted 
to them, are to be conftrudted in the pafl'age-walls. through 
the'centre of the hot-houfe. Through thefe holes and tubes 
.water is to be occafionally poured, which will raife a moift 
natural heat, highly congenial to vegetation, and will af¬ 
terwards pal's out of the tubes in fteam. In this way a 
•fertilizing heat, equally falutary with that of bark, leaves, 
or dung, the ufual means of obtaining this heat, may be 
had without any rilk of producing thole dangerous ex¬ 
tremes to which the fermentable materials are liable; and 
without the trouble or expence of renewing them, or of 
fiiifting the plants, in order to ftir up or augment the 
“ bark-bed,” which in this hot-houfe is wholly dilpenfed 
with. 
If water be poured into the Hone vacuity under the 
plants, then by fhutting up the holes in the parapet, and 
allb putting on the covers of the tubes, the fteam gene¬ 
rated will afeend through the gravel and land into the 
pine-bed; and there it will be condenfed among the earth 
and the roots of the plants, producing very beneficial ef¬ 
fects. Even when no fire is ufed, by pouring in water in 
this manner, although the precaution of fhutting the holes 
and tubes were not to be taken, it would prove of great 
advantage to the plants, by producing a moift and natural 
heat in the foil. Indeed the tubes may be left open at 
plealure, and then the water poured in will fill the houfe 
with fteam ; or, fnould the houfe appear too warm, they 
could be fhut, and then the heat would be kept back. 
So that, independent of the mGilt and uniform heat thus 
produced in the bed of pines, -the temperature of the air 
of the whole houi’e might be raifed or lowered at plea- 
fure. 
There are alfo to be openings in the paflage which com¬ 
municates with the air-chamber that l'urrounds the flues; 
by opening which, the whole heated air can be admitted 
into the houfe at once. Thus it will be perceived, that 
from this air-chamber, and.the large mat's of mafon-work 
kept continually hot, three confequences will follow, of 
the utmoft importance: viz. i. During the feal'on when 
fires are ufed, the temperature of the houfe can be raifed 
to any degree required, a. That there can be no danger 
of overheating the houfe, 3. That, during the feal'on of 
fires, fteam can be produced in the greateft abundance for 
any purpofe defired, and at no additional expence. . 
Another advantage, and one pf no fmall confequence 
for the health and beauty of the plants, and the flavour 
and magnitude of the ripe fruit, is, that by ufing rich 
maiden earth, in lieu of bark, the plants may eafily be 
placed on a flope correfponding to that of the glafs, which 
will bring.them all equally near the warm rays of the fun. 
<And by having a paffage in the centre of the hot-houfe 
/pnly, in Head of all round it, nearly one-third more pines 
ULTU R E. 
can be grown than in a common hot-lioufe of the fame 
dimenfioni. 
Upon the principles of the pine-ftove, the pit for cul¬ 
tivating the young pines, railing early cucumbers and 
melons, for blowing curious flowers, or for any fimilar 
purpbfe, may be made very fuperior to tho'fe in common 
ute. This pit may be a hundred feet long, and divided 
into four compartments, heated. only by one furnace. 
Thefe divifions may be kept of the fame or of different 
degrees of heat, by means of the heated air collefted 
around and near the furnace. This is accomplifhed by 
keeping the different regifters fimt,.except the one in the 
divifion in which the air is intended to be admitted ; or, 
the heated air may be permitted to enter into one, two, 
three, or the whole of the divifions at once, by properly 
opening and fhutting the valves. It is almoft needlefs’to 
mention, that each of thele divifions may alfo be fupplied 
with fteam and heated air from the tubes, as directed for 
the pine-ftove. 
The ground-plan of this pine-pit is reprefented in the 
■Horticultural Plate V. fig. 1, where A A, denote the front 
wall. B B, the back wall. C C C C, the flues, in an area, 
all round. DD, fupporters of the pavement, above which 
is placed thg rubble-ltone, and then the maiden earth or 
mould. E, the furnace. F, fteps to the excavation in 
which the furnace is erefted. G G, the chimneys. 
Fig. z, reprefents a longitudinal feftion of the pine-pitj 
with the young plants in the order of their growth. AB, 
the range of lathes. C C, the fpaces between the fupporters 
of the pavement. DD, the .flues. E, centre divifion- 
wall. FF, tubes which admit air and fteam from the 
rubble-ftone vacuity. G G, tubes which admit air and 
fteam from the large vacuity under the rubble-ftones, which 
furrounds the flues. 
Fig. 3, exhibits a tranfverfe feftion of the pine-pit, and 
fhows the open manner in which the foundation is con* 
itrufted under the bed of pines, in order to admit a free 
circulation of the heated air to the roots of the young 
plants. 
Fig. 4, is a feftion of a fmall mafs of the mafon-work, 
containing a circular hole through the centre, furnifhed 
with two pipes or tubes one within" the other. The in- 
,ner one condlifts the hot air; and the outer one the cool 
airs and the fpace round them is calculated to colleft the 
ftagnated air, that as little heat as poflible may be loft. 
Fig. 5, lhows the carron regifter, ufed in regulating the 
air from the flues of the hot-houfe and pine-pit. 
Fig. 6, exhibits a tranfverfe feftion of the improved 
pinery. A, the paflage through the centre o‘f the hot- 
houfe, dividing the pinery into two beds. B B, the rubble- 
ftone vacuity. C C, the earth or mould in which the 
pines are matured. DD, the air and fteam tubes. E, a 
curtain, or inner roofing, conlifting of a roll of coarfe 
flannel. F, the back filed, affording a iituation which 
may be made an excellent mulhroom-bed. G G G G, the 
vacuities every way round the flues. H, air-flue. I III, 
fmoke-flues. 
It is a great recommendation of all Mr. Loudon’s plans, 
that they have a thrift view to economy, and found rea- 
fioning to direft their conftruftion. One and not the 
leaft of his improvements, is, what he terms “an inner 
roofing .” Itconfilts of a let of coarfe flannel curtains, fix¬ 
ed on rollers at the top of the back wall, and lets down 
under the glafs frames'or roofing, in order to ihut out all 
night air from the plants, asdhowri in the Engraving.—• 
For the natural hiftory of the Pine-apple, its various lpe- 
cies, and the late Mr. Miller’s method of propagation and 
culture, fee the article Bromelia, vol. iii. p. 414-429, 
and the correfpondenf Engravings. 
That experienced agriculturalift and well-known wri¬ 
ter, J. Anderfon, D. C. L. and F. R. S. oblervirig, not 
without confiderable intereft and pleafure, the rapid im¬ 
provements going on in horticulture, and particularly in 
the art of forcing, and maturating at an early feafon, the 
choiceft table-fruits ; and perceiving the inadequate con¬ 
ftruftion of forcing-hqufes in general, and particularly 
